敏捷SAR卫星平台载荷一体化控制方法研究

面向具备波束指向捷变能力的小型化敏捷合成孔径雷达(SAR)卫星成像需求,提出了通过平台姿态敏捷机动和载荷波束捷变扫描一体化控制实现条带成像、多条带拼接成像、滑动聚束成像等传统成像模式的方法。针对配合成像过程提出的大角度机动和高精度高稳定度连续指向跟踪控制要求,采用5个单框架控制力矩陀螺(SGCMG)组成的"五面锥"构形控制力矩陀螺群作为执行机构,设计了基于姿态四元数和角速度反馈的改进型递阶饱和控制器,实现了平台的敏捷机动和对目标的稳定跟踪指向。数学仿真结果表明:该控制系统有效可行。     

Adaptive sliding mode fault-tolerant control for satellite attitude tracking system

In this paper, an adaptive modified sliding mode control approach is developed for attitude tracking of a nano-satellite with three magnetorquers and one reaction wheel. A sliding variable is chosen based on finite-time convergence of the nano-satellite attitude tracking error and avoiding the singularity of the control signal. The control gain of the proposed method is developed adaptively to reduce the tracking error and improve the closed-loop control performance. The sliding variable and adaptive parameter are also employed in the reaching phase of the control law to decrease the chattering phenomenon. In addition, the finite-time convergence of attitude variables in the presence of actuator faults, inertia uncertainty, and external disturbances is proved using the extended Lyapunov theorem. The simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed method according to different evaluation criteria. Monte Carlo simulations are also used to survey the reliability of the system in the presence of the mentioned condition.     

米级高性能氧氟红外玻璃

氧氟玻璃具有良好的透红外性能，且可实现低成本、短周期和大尺寸制备，是高端红外窗口的优质候选材料。随着红外技术的不断革新和光学系统技术的不断进步，对超大尺寸、高性能的红外窗口玻璃提出了更高的要求。基于此，中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所研究团队经过十余年技术积累，通过精密温场控制技术和脱羟除铂技术，首次突破了国内米级高性能镓酸盐氧氟红外玻璃及大尺寸半球整流罩的制备，此材料可作为红外窗口应用于新一代红外探测等多个领域。     

一种涵道螺旋桨性能预测的CFD方法

为适应高性能涵道螺旋浆精细化设计需求,基于雷诺平均Navier—Stokes控制方程和非结构网格旋转／静止滑移面技术,开展了涵道与螺旋桨动／静部件干扰的非定常流及性能预测数值模拟方法研究。提出了．静止与旋转域的多块网格布局策略及转／静滑移面技术,研究了涵道壁而与螺旋桨桨梢间隙的网格布局形式,有效解决了螺旋桨旋转流及螺旋...     

Robust optimal sliding mode control for the deployment of Coulomb spacecraft formation flying

Inter-spacecraft electrostatic force (Coulomb force) is desirable for close formation flying control because of its propellant-less and free contaminate characteristics attributed to the propellant exhaust emission. This paper presents robust optimal sliding mode control to deal with the problem of thruster saturation in tracking the formation trajectory for Coulomb spacecraft formation flying. The robust controller design is based on optimal control theory as a linear quadratic system, and it is augmented with an integral sliding mode control technique. The stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed using the second Lyapunov method. The developed controller outperforms the existing ones, because it has a higher degree of fine-tuning to cope with the uncertainty. Numerical simulations are employed to confirm the efficiency of the developed controller.     

Three-dimensional time-varying sliding mode guidance law against maneuvering targets with terminal angle constraint

This paper deals with the problem of intercepting maneuvering targets with terminal angle constraints for missiles subjected to three-dimensional non-decoupling engagement geometry.To achieve the finite-time interception and satisfactory overload characteristics, a time varying sliding mode control methodology is developed based on a time base generator function. The main feature of the proposed guidance law guarantees the Line-of-Sight(LOS) angles to converge to small neighborhoods of the desir...     

CMOS探测器星敏感器的跟踪窗口星图处理方法

近年来，商业航天微小卫星已经实现了轻小型化、低成本、快速研制等目标，但是在卫星姿态控制方面受制于星敏感器等测量敏感器的精度水平，无法实现高精度的测量与控制。为满足微小卫星在轨飞行中高精度姿态测量和大角速度运动的要求，本文提出了适用于CMOS探测器星敏感器的跟踪窗口星图处理算法方案，设计了基于姿态信息和导航星库，通过坐标系旋转和透视投影变换，预测探测星点成像位置，设置CMOS探测器跟踪窗口的方法，根据跟踪窗口设置，完成预测恒星所在图像子区域的像素灰度数据采集和背景灰度值的计算。采用这种方法后，恒星成像质心精度得到了提高，加快了星点提取质心的图像处理速度。通过试验室动态光星模和外场观星试验验证。试验结果表明:该算法提升了星敏感器的精度( )和动态性能(3 (°)/s)，同时提高了全天识别的概率和跟踪数据有效率。     

梦天实验舱初始轨道快速计算策略与分析

初始轨道是航天器入轨评价的关键判据，快速准确计算初始轨道可在入轨异常时为应急救生控制赢得时间。针对传统初始轨道计算方法时间与精度不能兼顾的问题，设计了初始轨道快速计算策略，根据运载火箭加速度变化率来判断舱箭分离时间，采用基于动力学约束的实时轨道滑动批处理方法累积超短弧分离后数据计算初始轨道，对利用各种数据源确定的多组初始轨道进行逻辑优选判断。通过梦天试验舱仿真数据验证表明:使用该策略计算初始轨道，可达到事后精密定轨同等精度，计算时间控制在1 min以内，时效性远超事后精密轨道确定方法。     

大型低温液体火箭“零窗口”发射技术

我国大型低温液体运载火箭组成系统多、各系统耦合关联程度大、射前流程复杂，实现“零窗口”发射难度大。基于大型低温液体运载火箭的系统特点和射前约束条件，提出了实现“零窗口”发射的技术方案。通过能力挖潜主动拓展了任务故障适应性和窗口宽度，并辅以科学的测试发射策略，将技术和流程相结合，共同实现大型低温运载火箭“零窗口”发射目标。这对全面提升大型运载火箭和发射场“零窗口”发射能力、适应未来航天发展需求具有十分重要的意义。