Analysis of precipitable water vapour characteristics from GNSS measurements during the snow season in Liaoning Province,China

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) remote sensing precipitable water vapour (PWV) data from November 2015 to March 2019 were combined with snowfall observation data and used to analyse PWV characteristics in Liaoning Province during the snow season (from November to March the following year) and their relationship with snowfall. The potential of using GNSS for PWV measurements was demonstrated using sounding data with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.9 and a mean bias error lower than 0.5 mm. According to the GNSS PWV data gathered at 30-min intervals from 68 GNSS stations in Liaoning during the snow season, the monthly PWV average was highest in November and lowest in January. Negative correlations were found between PWV and altitude. Most of the water vapour was concentrated in the low layer of the atmosphere, and the contribution of this vapour to the PWV was higher during the snow season than in summer. A total of 43 snow cases were identified using the snowfall records from 53 GNSS stations, and the characteristics of PWV during these snowfalls were analysed. An increase in PWV was observed before snowfall events. Moreover, the influence of synoptic systems and air mass origins on PWV was analysed based on National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. The results show that the water vapour condition was better when the synoptic systems or air masses came from areas south of Liaoning.     

一种弹载毫米波全极化单脉冲环焦反射面天线的设计

提出了一种弹载毫米波全极化环焦反射面天线的设计方案,设计了其结构参数,并对其电性能进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,提出的全极化环焦反射面天线的设计方案电性能参数合理,适用于在弹载环境下应用。     

磁悬浮柔性转子系统变学习速率单神经元PID控制

磁悬浮轴承柔性转子系统的转速范围较大,固定的控制参数很难同时保证系统所需的低频和高频特性。本文在一般单神经元PID控制的基础上,将转速信号引入磁悬浮轴承数字控制器,在不同转速段选择不同的学习速率以调节控制参数得到合适的磁悬浮轴承的刚度和阻尼。试验结果表明,变学习速率单神经元自适应PID控制能够明显减小转子在各阶临界转速时的振幅,有助于磁悬浮轴承柔性转子系统的安全稳定运行。     

单级感应线圈炮能量转换效率研究

在单级感应线圈炮的发射过程中,随着电容器组放电电压、电容量以及电枢初始位置的变化,弹丸出口速度和系统能量转换效率也将随之发生变化.为获得其中的规律,建立了单级感应线圈炮的数学模型,仿真分析了电容器组放电电压、电容量以及电枢初始位置对弹丸出口速度及系统能量转换效率的影响.分析结果表明,随着放电电压增加弹丸出口速度几乎呈直...     

用微元法建立单刚体动力学的虚加速度原理和虚力原理

本文首先从刚体动力学方程出发,利用变积法推得其虚加速度原理和虚力原理,然后用微元法思想由质点系动力学的虚加速度原理、虚力原理推得刚体动力学的虚加速度原理与虚力原理,并对两种方法本身进行了比较。由于本文的推导方法是从连续介质力学的观点进行的,故这种方法对进一步建立单柔体、多柔体动力学的虚加速度原理和虚力原理具有重要应用价值,进而对现在热点之一的柔性飞行器动力学的研究有潜在的意义。     

过渡液相扩散焊连接工艺参数对DD407母材液化的影响

为了将瞬间液相扩散焊的液相形成过程与固相扩散焊复合,充分利用TLP及固相扩散焊的优点,需要研究接头界面处母材液化规律。选用DD407镍基单晶高温合金作为试验材料,中间层合金采用含B为3.5%的BNi9进行TLP连接,观察母材液化宽度和接头宽度在不同工艺参数下的变化。通过分析得到:母材液化区宽度随着加热温度升高及保温时间增长而增加,在焊接温度为1100℃,保温时间为5min,中间层厚度为150μm的情况下,母材液化的宽度达到65.8μm;中间层厚度对母材液化的影响程度相对较大,主要降熔元素B的总量增加;TLP连接过程中,母材液化的过程为降熔元素B不断向母材中扩散,导致母材液化宽度增加,但随着扩散的进行,B元素的含量逐渐降低引起等温凝固,从而在一定程度上影响了表面清理的效果。     

复合材料-钛合金混合结构多钉连接钉载分布及有限元计算

连接部位通常是复合材料结构强度的薄弱环节,复合材料的多钉连接由于存在钉载分配不均匀性而 降低了其连接的强度,因此确定钉载分布规律及其影响因素对提高多钉连接的传载效率具有重要意义。以复 合材料-钛合金混合结构为研究对象,分析凸头、沉头两种紧固件连接下复合材料板间共固化、胶接和分离三 种装配形式的钉载分配特性以及不同装配形式对钉传载荷的影响;利用应变电测法测量连接区钉孔的应力分 布;采用 ABAQUS软件建立三维有限元实体模型,对钉群的钉载分配行为进行仿真分析及试验验证。结果表 明:除沉头铆钉复合材料板共固化连接件的钉载分配呈加载端至支反端逐渐递减的阶梯状外,其他各形式连接 件的钉载分配皆呈两边高、中间低的浴盆状,仅各排钉载所占比例有所区别;复合材料板分离件各排钉载差距 最大,胶接件次之,共固化件差距最小。     

变化姿态角下的相位变化率无源定位方法研究

无源定位技术有着广阔的应用前景。在现有单站无源定位方法的基础上 ,介绍了相位变化率定位法。该方法利用观测平台上两个相互正交的相位干涉仪接收目标辐射电磁波的相位获取目标的方向信息 ,利用对应的相位变化率获取目标的径向距离信息 ,从而实现对目标的实时高精度定位。提出了在空中观测平台发生飞行姿态变化情况下的定位求解思路 ,即利用姿态变化条件下的测量数据直接求出目标在姿态变化前的原始载机坐标系中的位置。文中给出了这一思路下相应的定位表达式并引入修正增益扩展卡尔曼 (MGEKF)算法对原始定位结果进行滤波处理。仿真结果表明 ,该方法是一种发展前途较好的单站无源定位方法     

基于二维单基线的单星高精度无源定位算法

针对长短基线干涉仪定位系统设备量大、系统复杂的问题,提出了基于运动学原理的单星高精度无源定位技术。以模糊相位差和相位差变化率为观测量,并采用三通道二维单基线阵列构型,充分利用长基线相位差定位精度高的特点,并结合相位差变化率的无模糊特性,通过粒子群改进算法实现高精度的定位。仿真结果表明,该算法定位精度高,定位性能接近CRLB。     

FIELD STUDIES OF SINGLE POINT IMPACT ON LIQUEFIABLE SOIL FOUNDATION OF HIGHWAY

A highway in the floodplain of the Abandoned Yellow River in the north of Jiangsu Province is recently remediated to reduce liquefaction potential using the dynamic compaction（DC） method of densification of in-place soils. Firstly, the liquefaction potential of the soil at the project site is analysed according to the code of seismic de- sign. Then the in-situ single point impact tests are performed on the liquefiable soil. Settlement of crater, excess pore pressure, ground heave and lateral deformation under DC impact are measured and analyzed. Subsequently, the standard penetration test （SPT） and cone penetration test （CPT） are used for investigating the compaction ef- fectiveness. At last, the improvement effect of DC is discussed according to the technical specification of dynamic consolidation to ground treatment. The investigation results indicate that the DC technique is an effective way for remediating liquefiable soil in highway engineering practice.