基于神经网络的翼型积冰预测

采用神经网络方法对翼型表面的积冰进行了预测研究.建立了一种型面曲线坐标系,通过坐标变换将积冰外形转化为几何曲线.利用傅立叶级数对此曲线进行拟合,实现积冰外形的参数化.以结冰条件作为输人,冰形参数作为输出构建神经网络,对NACA 0012翼型表面的积冰进行预测.通过将预测结果与实验结果以及数值模拟结果进行对比,说明所提出...     

瘤状冰结冰过程的数值模拟

提出了一种可考虑粗糙度影响的瘤状冰结冰过程数值模拟方法。结合欧拉坐标系下空气-过冷水滴两相流动控制方程的计算,对飞机机翼在不同温度下的瘤状冰结冰过程进行了数值模拟,得到了NACA0012翼型4°攻角下结冰表面的瘤状冰冰形。通过与实验数据对比,表明该的方法是有效的。      

积冰对飞机纵向操稳特性的量化影响

提出了一种根据气象条件、飞机特征、飞行条件预测积冰对飞机飞行动力学特性影响的估算方法.采用热力学平衡分析方法完成了积冰增长过程的数学描述,利用逐步线性回归方法建立了结冰飞机的气动模型,计算得到了结冰飞机的气动参数,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,表明这种方法具有一定的工程实用性.并在此基础上研究了不同部位积冰对飞机纵向操稳特性的影响,通过数值仿真计算得出,结冰飞机气动特性的急剧恶化会导致其纵向操稳特性显著降低,严重时会危及其飞行安全.      

蓄冰盘管冰层厚度测量及管外蓄冰性能实验

提出了一种新型简便的冰层厚度测量方法,该方法用测量冰层内温度分布的方法间接测量冰层动态厚度及冰层的相界面生长规律。对蓄冰盘管外结冰过程的实验研究表明,测量方法可靠,具有较高的测量精度;实验发现,蓄冰盘管外上部冰层生长较快,而下部冰层生长较慢,而在实验参数范围内管内乙二醇水溶液流量对冰层生长速度影响不大。     

液氧煤油火箭海上发射基本方案及关键技术分析

海上发射火箭在提升火箭运载能力、降低残骸坠落风险等方面具有极大优势。我国已成功实施多型固体火箭海上发射任务,相比固体火箭,液氧煤油火箭具有更高的比冲和环保性。根据液氧煤油火箭陆基发射的特点规律和固体火箭海上发射任务流程及实施方案,研究了海射系统港口基地、海上发射船、运载火箭、保障船等运行的基本方案,提出海上发射任务实施流程,分析了牵制释放、连接器零秒脱落和自动对接、无人值守推进剂加注技术在海上发射火箭中的重要意义,以及需要解决的关键技术难题。     

黄海气象海况对海上发射运载火箭的影响

海上发射运载火箭的实施过程会受到气象海洋环境的影响和制约,气象海洋环境会直接影响海上发射窗口期的选择及发射安全。为避免海上发射在复杂气象海况条件下发生设备重大损坏、窗口长期延后和人员安全事故等问题,通过分析黄海海域波浪场、风场、温度场及降水场的分布特征及变化规律,对基于季节变化特征的海上发射实施阶段及季节性预防趋势进行分析总结,为以后在不同季节极端天气下海上发射运载火箭提供参考。     

基于成核理论的水温对结冰黏附强度影响研究

飞机结冰会影响飞行安全,甚至导致严重的飞行事故。研究积冰与基底的黏附强度,可以为飞机防除冰系统的设计提供具体的指标要求。设计剪切黏附力测量实验平台,并利用该平台测量基底在不同冻结用水初始温度下的结冰黏附力;采集水/冰在冻结过程中的温度变化,并通过成核理论分析实验现象,着重研究冻结用水的初始温度对黏附强度的影响。结果表明：冻结水温初始温度的增加会促进冰晶成核,进而提高黏附强度。     

基于有寿件调控的战机海域巡航装备保障规划

从战机海上方向高强度巡航问题出发,有寿件物资调控直接影响着战机的完好率,制约着战巡任务有 效执行。通过构建数学规划模型,优化制定了战机出动保障方案、有寿控件梯次合理配置,并重点介绍了关联因素约束的方法过程、目标函数优化的具体思想,通过遗传算法求解非线性规划。在模型中建立了可实施靶向性求解方案的0-1开关函数,记录了战机出航、巡逻信息的精确时间和任务架次,实现机场内部保障的最佳均衡状态,确保战机巡逻的高效巡航运用。     

Estimating sea level rise around Australia using a new approach to account for low frequency climate signals

Regional sea level studies help to identify the vulnerable areas to the sea level rise. This study investigates the impact of climate modes on sea level variations and trends around Australia using altimetry data, climate indices, and sea level records from tide gauge stations. Here, we show that the sea level variations are negatively correlated with climate indices to the north and west of Australia. The spectral analyses of the climate indices and tide gauge data suggest that a low frequency signal with a period of 11 years emerges during the mid 1980s. Since the 25-year length of the satellite altimetry record is yet too short to detect low frequency signals, their effect on the estimation of regional sea level trend is unknown. Therefore, we estimate the sea level trend with consideration of this signal and using a two-step method. All signals with periods shorter than 7.5 years are first removed from sea level time series and then the trend is estimated using the parametric model that includes the 11-year signal. The skill of the parametric model in explaining the variations in sea level anomaly validates the presence of the 11-year signal detected in the spectrograms of the tide gauge data and climate indices. The average sea level trend for the study area is estimated as 3.85 ± 0.15 mm/year.     

Triton, Pluto, Centaurs, and Trans-Neptunian Bodies

The diverse populations of icy bodies of the outer Solar System (OSS) give critical information on the composition and structure of the solar nebula and the early phases of planet formation. The two principal repositories of icy bodies are the Kuiper belt or disk, and the Oort Cloud, both of which are the source regions of the comets. Nearly 1000 individual Kuiper belt objects have been discovered; their dynamical distribution is a clue to the early outward migration and gravitational scattering power of Neptune. Pluto is perhaps the largest Kuiper belt object. Pluto is distinguished by its large satellite, a variable atmosphere, and a surface composed of several ices and probable organic solid materials that give it color. Triton is probably a former member of the Kuiper belt population, suggested by its retrograde orbit as a satellite of Neptune. Like Pluto, Triton has a variable atmosphere, compositionally diverse icy surface, and an organic atmospheric haze. Centaur objects appear to come from the Kuiper belt and occupy temporary orbits in the planetary zone; the compositional similarity of one well studied Centaur (5145 Pholus) to comets is notable. New discoveries continue apace, as observational surveys reveal new objects and refined observing techniques yield more physical information about specific bodies.