超燃试验用加热器三维粘性流场数值模拟

超燃冲压发动机试验时,使用燃烧型加热器模拟高焓、高马赫数的来流条件,而加热器的喷注结构对改善加热器出口流场均匀性具有重要作用.使用三维数值模拟软件Fluent对2种喷注结构的燃烧型加热器进行了三维定常反应流场模拟,获得了设计工况下的流场.结果表明,采用多孔斜喷结构能使氢气在横向有较大的穿透深度,加上空气的引射作用在燃烧室头部产生大尺度横向涡,增强了氢气和空气的混合燃烧以及燃气的掺混,使加热器出口温度场不均匀性从53%降为21%,氧气摩尔分数不均匀性从63%降为17%,更有利于开展超燃冲压发动机试验.     

中心分级燃烧室雾化特性试验研究

为了研究中心分级燃烧室雾化特性,设计中心分级燃烧室头部进行雾化特性试验研究。头部预燃级采用贫油直接喷射,主燃级采用预混预蒸发。试验采用了相位多普勒粒子分析仪测量液滴粒径及速度,用10μm以下的小液滴速度近似流场速度。实验结果表明:流场具有中心回流区(PRZ)、唇口回流区、角落回流区(CRZ)、预燃级高速射流区及主燃级高速射流区等结构;流场结构对称且受工况改变影响较小;大液滴集中在中心回流区及角落回流区。中心分级燃烧室不同于其他分级燃烧室,其具有特殊的流场结构及燃油雾化分布规律;在近场流场区域65μm～75μm液滴集中在PRZ区域和CRZ区域;近场区域内Case 4雾化D32是Case 3的60%。     

复合式收扩套筒空气雾化喷嘴燃烧室点火研究

复合式收扩套筒空气雾化喷嘴中, 副油路是一个单油路离心喷嘴, 主油路采用双旋流空气雾化, 喷嘴是直射式.在点火研究中, 只是单油路离心喷嘴工作.实验用的燃烧室是一个单头部矩形燃烧室, 在燃烧室进口温度为常温, 进口压力为常压, 燃烧室压力降0.9%9.0%的试验条件下研究了复合式空气雾化喷嘴燃烧室的点火性能.在同样条件下, 研究了复合式空气雾化喷嘴的雾化性能并总结了经验关系.分析了影响点火的主要因素, 通过整理雾化数据, 以Lefebvre点火模型为基础, 总结了该类燃烧室点火经验关系.      

Study on the breakup lengths of free round liquid jets

IntroductionBreakup and atomization of roundliquidjetshad been widely used in internal combustion en-gines,gas turbines,and liquid rocket engines.Recently,with the development of scramjet en-gines and the deepening of fuel atomization re-search,it attract…     

Development of a micro gas turbine combustor with T-type vaporizers

The study includes the experimental investigation of the evaporation performance of T-type vaporizer,mainly studied the relationship of the inlet air temperature and vaporizer wall temperature with the evaporation ratio.Then,it studied the LBO(lean blow out) and combustion efficiency of the micro aero-engine combustor with T-type vaporizer on the normal pressure test rig.The inlet air condition is environmental pressure and temperature.The gas analysis method is used to study the combustion efficiency,and the inlet air temperature is 300 K,400 K and 500 K.It could be concluded that the evaporation performance is improved with the increasing of the inlet air temperature and vaporizer wall temperature;the average LBO is 0.003;the combustion efficiency rises with the inlet air temperature,and it remain constant when the fuel/air ratio changed in the range from 0.008 to 0.02.The vaporization ratio is the key factor to determine the combustion performance.      

高超声速飞行器-进气道一体化热流数值计算

采用CFD(计算流体动力学)技术, 开展了飞行器前体/发动机一体化气动热环境分析.对层流区、转捩区和湍流区分别采用计算模型, 在湍流区利用压缩性修正的SSGZ-Jk-ε湍流模型, 在转捩区引入代数型转捩因子模型描述边界层由层流逐渐过渡为完全湍流的流动过程.计算了前体和内通道的表面热流, 并与实验结果进行了对比.结果表明所采用的计算方法可以较好地预测前体及发动机内通道热流率, 流动状态、几何结构及激波入射对热流值影响较大.      

基于伴随非等温射流理论的缝槽气膜冷却模型

在伴随非等温射流基础上发展了一种适用于缝槽气膜冷却绝热温比预估的数学模型.通过合理假设推导出二维壁面射流混合层核心温度分布规律,将其作为气膜绝热壁温,并考虑缝槽几何特征参数和气膜吹风比对冷却效率的影响,得到绝热温比计算公式.用试验数据对该预估模型进行拟合分析,得到了与试验数据拟合精度在±8%以内的半经验预估模型,证明该模型的可行性和应用潜力,并需要更多的试验数据对其进行验证和改进.      

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

收敛形进气道数值研究的验证

介绍一种新型的、具有最小喉道面积的三维高超声速进气道 (称之为收敛形进气道 )的数值和实验研究结果。表明使用这种形式的进气道 ,在整个飞行速度范围内可以降低阻力和高超声速发动机表面的热防护要求 ,通过降低外压缩表面的倾斜度和减少进气道及燃烧室壁的面积就可以做到这一点。在采用低维次流动的气体动力设计方法的基础上设计成这种形式的进气道。计算是在无粘气体模型构架内用有限体积法进行的。同时用边界层方程计算出计及粘性的气流特性和进气道特性。数值算法是通过收敛形进气道的有限宽楔形外压缩表面的计算和实验数据来验证的。进行实验研究的马赫数M=2～ 1 0 7,基于模型进气道高度的雷诺数Re=( 1～ 5) × 1 0 6。数值计算与实验结果一致性很好。这些结果也和通常的二维进气道的数据作了比较。     

变比热对超燃冲压发动机尾喷管设计的影响分析

当气体总温较高时,气体的比热比将不再保持不变,而是温度的函数。由于超燃发动机尾喷管的入口温度很高,因此,在喷管型面设计时应该考虑比热变化对型面产生的影响。给出了基于量热完全气体模型和热完全气体模型的超燃冲压发动机尾喷管设计方法。并比较了比热比不变和比热比随气体温度变化时对喷管型面设计的影响。对量热完全气体的应用限制进行了初步讨论。