基于跟踪微分器的高超声速飞行器Backstepping控制

针对存在模型参数不确定和外部干扰的高超声速飞行器（HFV）跟踪控制问题,提出一种基于Backstepping方法的抗饱和非线性控制器。将飞行器纵向动力学模型分为速度子系统和航迹倾角子系统,然后针对每个子系统单独设计控制器。设计跟踪微分器获得信号的一阶导数,用以估计系统中的不确定干扰项和避免"微分项膨胀"问题。控制器设计过程考虑了控制量发生饱和的情况。基于Lyapunov理论证明了闭环系统信号的稳定性。与传统高超声速飞行器Backstepping方法相比,所设计的控制器采用待跟踪状态与理想控制指令之间的实际误差作为反馈量,放宽了对系统干扰项的限制,提高了控制器对控制增益变化的适应性,进而提高了闭环系统的跟踪控制性能。对比仿真结果验证了所设计方法的有效性。     

New trade tree for manned mars missions

Recent studies on human missions to Mars suggest revisiting the parameters that have the most important impact on the complexity, the initial mass in low Earth orbit, the risks and the development costs for the first journey to the red planet. In the last NASA reference mission, a trade tree is proposed.     

Challenges and perspectives of transport cargo vehicles utilization for performing research in free flight

Russian Progress transport cargo vehicles have successfully been used in different space station programs since 1978. At present time, they play an important role in the International Space Station (ISS) project. Main tasks performed by the transport cargo vehicle (TCV) in the station program are the following: refueling of the station, delivery of consumables and equipment, waste removal, station attitude control and orbit correction maneuver execution.     

Simple method for performance evaluation of multistage rockets

Multistage rockets are commonly employed to place spacecraft and satellites in their operational orbits. Performance evaluation of multistage rockets is aimed at defining the maximum payload mass at orbit injection, for specified structural, propulsive, and aerodynamic data of the launch vehicle. This work proposes a simple method for a fast performance evaluation of multistage rockets. The technique at hand is based on three steps: (i) the flight-path angle at each stage separation is guessed, (ii) the spacecraft velocity is maximized at the first and second stage separation, and (iii) for the last stage the thrust direction is obtained through the particle swarm optimization technique, in conjunction with the use of the Euler–Lagrange equations and the Pontryagin minimum principle. The coast duration at the second stage separation is optimized as well. The method at hand is extremely simple and easy-to-implement, but nevertheless it proves to be capable of yielding near-optimal ascending trajectories for a multistage launch vehicle with realistic structural, propulsive, and aerodynamic characteristics. The solutions found with the technique under consideration can be employed either for a rapid evaluation of the multistage rocket performance or as guesses for more refined optimization algorithms.     

亚声速翼身融合无人机概念外形参数优化

为了兼顾翼身融合（BWB）布局无人机（UAV）的气动、隐身和结构重量要求,应用优化方法研究了某亚声速翼身融合无人机概念方案的外形设计问题。外形优化设计流程包括全机参数化几何外形模型、气动分析、机翼根部弯矩计算、雷达散射截面（RCS）分析、代理模型的建立和外形参数优化计算。选择了三种不同优化目标研究翼身融合无人机外形优化问题：①未配平状态升阻比最大;②配平状态升阻比最大;③配平状态升阻比尽量大和机翼弯矩尽量小。通过优化结果的对比分析,揭示了配平约束和机翼弯矩目标对优化设计结果的影响。研究结果表明：计入配平约束能够有效提高配平升阻比;将配平状态升阻比尽量大和机翼根部弯矩尽量小作为优化目标能够获得合理的优化外形。     

多约束交会对接发射窗口的分析和规划

针对交会对接任务对发射窗口的轨道日照角、光学导航测量设备阳光抑制角和轨道共面等多项约束,建立了交会对接发射窗口计算数学模型,给出了交会对接发射窗口计算方法与流程,分析了各种约束对交会对接发射窗口的影响。计算并构建了交会对接任务目标飞行器和追踪飞行器的年度日照发射窗口集合。按照2种任务规划思路分别给出了确定目标飞行器和追踪飞行器年度共面窗口集合的方法,为多约束交会对接年度发射窗口的日窗口和时刻窗口的分析和规划提供了清晰的结果。仿真结果验证了交会对接年度发射窗口集合的正确性和有效性,模型、方法和结果可作为交会对接任务发射窗口分析和规划的依据。
     

高超声速飞行器后体/尾喷管优化设计

结合试验设计方法、替代模型技术和遗传算法构建一套改进的优化方法,并将其应用于高超声速飞行器后体/尾喷管的一体化设计.在构建优化方法时,针对替代模型采用渐近全局策略提高精度;针对遗传算法,采用实数编码、多目标定级排序和改进小生境技术.在后体/尾喷管的一体化设计应用中,结合高精度的计算流体力学(CFD,Computational Fluid Dynamics)求解,以两个设计点的推力和升力为目标,以力矩为约束,得到优化问题的Pareto最优前沿面,优化结果在综合性能方面有很大提升.该优化方法可进一步推广应用于更复杂的优化设计当中.      

某大型低温运载火箭无人值守加注发射技术研究

针对提升和保障航天发射人员安全问题,提出了低温运载火箭无人值守加注发射(CLVUFL)的理念和内涵.通过国内外代表性CLVUFL的技术对比,发现国内低温火箭加注发射应用CLVUFL技术存在箭地接口复杂、加注发射时间较长、关键设备可靠性有待提高、智能化自动化程度不高等主要问题.针对某大型低温运载火箭加注发射流程,通过分析...     

大型导弹车工作模态识别研究及应用

针对大型导弹车在运输状态下的动态特性识别问题,设计制作了能够反映大型导弹车主要动力学特征的简化模型,使用最小二乘复指数法（LSCE）对简化模型进行了动态特性识别,对识别结果进行了分析和评估,并将最小二乘复指数法应用到真实大型导弹车运输状态的模态识别中。可为大型导弹车运输状态下的动力学特性分析提供参考。     

基于闭环解析解的可重复使用运载器轨迹在线生成方法

The relationships between path constraints such as heating rate, dynamic pressure and aerodynamic load and velocity during entry flight are analyzed in  r-V  plane for an entry vehicle with mediate high lift to drag ratio. Through derivation and integration, a unified formula for path constraints is obtained in  r-V  plane. Based on the unified formula and several characteristics an analytical solution is obtained,and an online trajectory generation method is developed. In the method, the coupled longitudinal and lateral motion is considered, and can make the best use of flight capability and satisfy path constraints. Trajectory generation cases with different flight mission and downranges are tested. Simulation results demonstrate the capability and efficiency of the trajectory planning method in dealing with path constraints.