固体发动机喷管延伸锥展开前级间分离的热环境分析

通过FLUENT流场计算软件,采用RNGK k-ε湍流模型,针对带有延伸喷管的多级固体发动机级间热分离的热环境进行了数值分析。研究表明,延伸喷管尾流受到连接筒、前封头、延伸段的阻碍后,其流动特征变化显著,尤其在一级前封头的影响下形成回流,并在喷管内形成激波。计算得到的热环境参数,对发动机的热防护设计具有一定的参考价值。     

针栓式推力室冷却特性试验研究

针栓式发动机具有推力调节简单、声学燃烧稳定性好和成本低廉等一系列优点,但目前对针栓式推力室的冷却特性掌握还不够深入,研制过程中曾多次出现因推力室冷却组织不好而烧蚀的问题。采用针栓式推力室试验件,对身部的冷却特性进行了深入研究,结果表明:推力室圆柱段前端的温度较低,无需采用专门的冷却措施;末端内侧气壁温度会达到约1650℃,局部存在明显的烧蚀现象,必须采取有效的热防护措施;下游冷却液膜量的变化对圆柱段的冷却特性影响较小。     

平板表面薄圆柱绕流摩擦力矢量场全局测量

针对壁面摩擦力矢量场测量问题,基于剪切敏感液晶(SSLC)涂层技术建立了一种测量平板表面摩擦力矢量场的方法。该方法基于多视角测量原理,采用六台同步相机从不同方向同时采集SSLC涂层在摩擦力作用下的颜色变化,与采用单台相机相比能够降低测量噪声,并且具有测量非定常流动的摩擦力场的潜力。应用该方法测量了平板表面薄圆柱绕流的摩擦力矢量场,结果表明:(1)SSLC涂层能够以彩色方式定性显示壁面摩擦力信息;(2)通过对不同方向观测的SSLC涂层颜色进行分析处理,该方法能够高分辨率测量薄圆柱绕流的摩擦力矢量场,详细地捕获了流动特征;(3)同一份SSLC涂层可以重复使用并且可用于测量不同的摩擦力矢量场。     

热电池电压异常波动技术分析及改进

分析了试验过程中热电池电压异常波动的原因,最终给出了问题的解决措施。该问题的解决对后续热电池的结构设计及工艺控制具有重要的指导意义。     

Energy principle and material removal sequence optimization method in machining of aircraft monolithic parts

In the machining process of aircraft monolithic parts, the initial residual stress redistribution and structural stiffness evolution often lead to unexpected distortions. On the other hand, the stress redistribution and stiffness reduction during the machining process depend on the material removal sequence. The essence of the stress redistribution is releasing the initial elastic strain energy. In the present study, the influence of the material removal sequence on the energy release is studied. Moreover, a novel optimization method is proposed for the material removal sequence. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, the mechanism of the machining distortion is firstly analyzed based on the energy principle. Then a calculative model for the machining distortion of long beam parts is established accordingly. Moreover, an energy parameter related to the bending distortion and the procedure of the material removal sequence optimization is defined. Finally, the bending distortion analysis and material removal sequence optimization are performed on a long beam with a Z-shaped cross-section. Furthermore, simulation and experiments are carried out. The obtained results indicate that the optimized sequence results in a low distortion fluctuation and decreases the bending distortion.     

A user-friendly yield criterion for metals exhibiting tension-compression asymmetry

The aim of this paper is to model the yielding asymmetry of pressure-insensitive metals, including but not limited to Ni₃Al alloys. The main focuses are put on the flexibility and manipulative convenience. The parameters of theory are kept to a minimum and can be determined by as few tests as possible. These requirements are fulfilled by constructing a yield function using the second and third-invariants of a linearly transformed stress tensor. The proposed yield criterion has a simple mathematical form and has only seven parameters when used in three-dimensional stresses. Compared with existing theories, the new yield criterion has much fewer parameters, which makes it very convenient for practical applications. The coefficients of the criterion are identified by an error minimization procedure. Applications to a Ni₃Al based intermetallic alloy as well as a Cu-Al-Be shape memory alloy and comparison to other criteria show that the proposed criterion has nearly the same predictive ability and flexibility with other criteria. The proposed yield criterion can estimate the coefficients by using less data, which is a big advantage compared with other similar theories, especially when there is a limited number of experimental data.     

SAR performance-based fault diagnosis for electro-hydraulic control system: A novel FDI framework for closed-loop system

Model-based fault diagnosis serves as an efficient and powerful technique in addressing fault detection and isolation (FDI) issues for control systems. However, the standard methods and their modifications still encounter some difficulties in algorithm design and application for complex higher-order systems. To avoid these difficulties, a novel fault diagnosis framework based on multiple performance indicators of closed-loop control system is proposed. Under this framework, a so-called performance residual vector is constructed to measure the differences between the real system and the nominal model in terms of system stability, accuracy, and rapidity (SAR) respectively. The criteria for quantification, normalization of the SAR residuals and the explicit mappings between the thresholds and the required performance are given. FDI can be easily achieved simultaneously by monitoring the normalized residual vector length and direction in the SAR performance residual space. A case study on electro-hydraulic servo control system of turbofan engine is adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

高性能军用机环境控制系统研究发展趋势的探讨

讨论了未来高性能军用机环境控制系统发展可能采用的技术,例如：闭式空气循环技术;综合数字控制技术;蒸发循环技术;先进驱动的空气循环机和压气机技术;以及从属于综合机载机电系统的综合环境控制系统技术。     

三维光弹性测定应力强度因子K_Ⅰ的综合法

对利用三维光弹性试验数据计算应力强度因子K_I,提出一种新的算法--综合法。此法既解决了所需测量区域内条纹信息少的弱点,又克服了因裂纹尖端“钝化”而无法测到裂尖精确条纹值的困难。试验与计算结果表明此法误差小、精度最高。可应用测定受复杂载荷并具有复杂边界条件结构的应力强度因子。     

交变应力下冷胀孔边残余应力衰减规律的有损检测试验研究

对高胀孔量下的ＬＹ１２ＣＺ板件孔边残余应力在交变应力作用下衰减规律的有损多试件普通莫尔密栅云纹检测方法进行了尝试,给出了一定载荷范围内残余应力的衰减规律,揭示了高胀孔量下残余应力的再分布现象。研究表明,本文所使用的多试件有损检测方法,不但经济可行,而且有足够精度,应用前景十分广阔。