DISTRIBUTED OPTIC－FIBER FORCE SENSOR BASED ON MODE COUPLING EFFECTS IN HIGH－BIREFRINGENT FIBER

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A rendezvous navigation algorithm for orbit determination, based on visual measurements by space vehicle crew members

At present, various radio navigation systems are employed during the automated approach of a transport vehicle to a space station. Experience has shown that emergency situations can occur in which it is necessary to revert to manual override of the automatic approach.Such situations have indeed occurred during flight operations of the space station Mir. The crews of the transport vehicles and the Mir used manual steering more than 30 times for successful docking, and four times for approach to the station.Successful manual steering demands absolute understanding of the relative orbit parameters. The decisive task of the crew is to determine these relative parameters. This is possible using visual observations from either the transport vehicle or the station using simple and reliable instruments. This article explains the algorithm for determining the relative orbits from visual crew observations, based on similarities of relative orbit families.     

表面粘贴光纤光栅传感器的应变传递分析

光纤光栅传感器粘贴于航空结构的基体表面后,基体结构的真实应变与光纤光栅传感器测得的应变之间存在一个传递系数。本文根据应用环境,建立了＂基体结构—胶粘体—光纤传感器＂的应变传递简化模型,推导了裸光纤光栅传感器测得的应变与结构基体实际应变的比值,即应变传递率,并对影响传递率的各种参数进行分析和模拟,根据实际条件得到了粘贴的最佳参数。     

航天器双主动交会策略研究

从理论上分析了共面近地圆轨道上的航天器的远程双主动交会的问题.根据轨道动力学基本原理,导出各种情况下特征速度的解析解,为航天器变轨时的燃料消耗分析提供了依据.进一步探讨了航天器轨道转移过程中的时间策略,以保证在不同轨道上运行的航天器在同一时刻、同一空间位置交会.上述理论分析的仿真计算结果表明,双主动交会总特征速度和过程耗时都低于主被动交会情形,单星的燃料消耗大大降低,对大范围快速变轨,优势更加明显.     

复合材料方形膜的压力频率特性

基于一种典型的微结构硅谐振压力传感器由多层不同材料构成的谐振子的实际结构特点，建立了被测压力与谐振子静挠度，谐振子固有频率的数学模型，计算和分析了谐振子的振动特性，给出了各复合材料层的几何参数、物理参数对其振动特性的影响规律，揭示了复合材料方形膜的压力频率特性，为设计该类谐振子提供了理论依据。     

Concurrent image-based visual servoing with adaptive zooming for non-cooperative rendezvous maneuvers

An image-based servo controller for the guidance of a spacecraft during non-cooperative rendezvous is presented in this paper. The controller directly utilizes the visual features from image frames of a target spacecraft for computing both attitude and orbital maneuvers concurrently. The utilization of adaptive optics, such as zooming cameras, is also addressed through developing an invariant-image servo controller. The controller allows for performing rendezvous maneuvers independently from the adjustments of the camera focal length, improving the performance and versatility of maneuvers. The stability of the proposed control scheme is proven analytically in the invariant space, and its viability is explored through numerical simulations.     

Tube-based robust output feedback model predictive control for autonomous rendezvous and docking with a tumbling target

In this paper, a tube-based robust output feedback model predictive control method (TRMPC) is proposed for controlling chaser spacecraft docking with a tumbling target in near-circular orbit. The controller contains a simple, stable, Luenberger state estimator and a tube-based robust model predictive controller. Several practical challenges are also considered under dock-enabling conditions, such as the control saturation, velocity constraint, approach corridor constraint, and collision avoidance constraint. Meanwhile, uncertainties are carefully analyzed when designing the controller, including dynamics uncertainty, measurement error, and control deviation. The TRMPC ensures that all possible state trajectories with uncertainties lie in the minimum robust positively invariant set (mRPI, i.e., the so-called tube in this paper). The tube center is the solution of a nominal (without uncertainties) system. Another important contribution of this paper is to propose a technique where it is unnecessary to calculate the mRPI explicitly. Thereby, the ‘curse of dimensionality’ can be avoided for a six-dimensional system. To verify the feasibility of the proposed TRMPC strategy in the presence of uncertainties, two scenarios of autonomous rendezvous and docking (AR&D) are simulated. The simulation results show that the TRMPC method is more efficient in minimizing the uncertainties, fuel consumption, and computational cost, compared to the classic model predictive control (MPC) method.     

一种单传感器实时系统误差配准算法

针对运动单传感器系统误差配准问题进行了研究,提出了一种基于位置未知固定目标的单传感器实时系统误差配准算法。算法利用传感器对固定目标的两时刻量测值,构建包含传感器系统误差的等效系统状态及其状态方程与量测方程,并基于扩展卡尔曼滤波技术实现了利用位置未知的固定目标对传感器系统误差的实时精确滤波估计。蒙特卡洛仿真结果验证了算法的有效性,具有对系统误差的稳定估计性能、快速的滤波收敛能力、较高的系统误差配准精度以及较强的工程实用性。     

交会对接发动机配置比较研究

介绍执行空间交会对接任务的几个典型的飞船的发动机配置,通过比较,分析执行不同交会对接任务飞船的发动机配置的优缺点,提出了交会对接任务发动机配置设计时需要考虑的因素,并得出一些具有共性的结论,为后续交会对接任务的发动机配置提供参考.     

低温真空环境的红外背景模拟器的研制

红外背景模拟器是光学遥感器性能检测试验和辐射定标试验中的重要设备。针对某低温光学遥感器的光学定标试验,将仿真优化与实践经验相结合,研制了一套能够在120 K的低温真空环境中稳定工作的红外背景模拟器。该模拟器主要由真空低温面源黑体、冷光阑和电移台3部分组成。其中冷光阑的温度在90～300 K范围内连续可调,且温度均匀性在±3 K以内;电移台的三维运动控制精度≤10 mm。该模拟器能够适用于多种光学遥感器的红外性能检测试验和定标试验。