多视场星敏感器结构参数标定方法

提出一种基于星间角距不变原理的多视场(FOV)星敏感器结构参数标定方法.这种方法以欧拉角表征多视场星敏感器各个子视场之间的旋转关系,利用识别得到的各个视场星点的坐标信息和赤经赤纬信息,计算出多对星光矢量来建立标定模型和目标函数,然后使用L-M算法优化目标函数并解算出各个子视场之间的结构参数.此方法不需要外部姿态测量仪器辅助,可用于在轨和地面标定.在全天球随机抽取多个姿态生成多视场的仿真星图用于标定,并采用星内角统计偏差作为结构参数标定精度的评价指标.这种方法能够准确求解多视场星敏感器的结构参数.星内角统计偏差的平均值在星点位置噪声标准差为0.1像素的仿真试验中为1.3",在外场观星的实际试验中为6.4".      

Digital signal processing and numerical analysis for radar in geophysical applications

Numerical solutions for signal processing are described in this work as a contribution to study of echo detection methods for ionospheric sounder design. The ionospheric sounder is a high frequency radar for geophysical applications. The main detection approach has been done by implementing the spread-spectrum techniques using coding methods to improve the radar’s range resolution by transmitting low power. Digital signal processing has been performed and the numerical methods were checked. An algorithm was proposed and its computational complexity was calculated.     

天体对卫星红外地球敏感器干扰的研究

我国在轨运行的卫星多次因红外地平仪受天体的干扰而出现姿态异常的情况.本文介绍了各种红外地平仪工作原理,分析了它们受干扰的原因,给出了精确预报的方法,并在此基础上提出了相应的抗干扰措施,有些已成功运用到在轨运行的卫星上.     

基于双力源的叠加式多维力传感器校准装置研究CSCD

介绍了一种基于叠加机原理的双力源多维力传感器校准装置的设计与研制,对装置的测量不确定度进行了分析,通过对三分量力传感器的校准实验,证明了校准装置不仅可以对多分量力传感器进行单分量校准,还能方便地实现耦合误差的校准。     

基于特征结构配置的导弹可重构控制器设计

针对简化后的导弹姿态控制系统,运用特征结构配置法,提出了一种改进的控制系统的重构方法.根据输出反馈特征值配置原理,给出了原闭环系统特征结构的确定方法,并对可重构控制器的代价函数的确定方法进行了改进.这种算法通过输出反馈可以确保闭环系统的稳定性,同时可以解决故障前后系统阶数不一致的问题.仿真结果表明,该方法能够在保证故障后闭环系统稳定的基础上使系统性能得到最大可能的恢复.      

姿态四元数相关问题

介绍了四元数计算中的相关问题,包括四元数与方向余弦阵之间的转换、四元数运动方程、求解四元数运动方程时积分步长的选取和高动态应用中非互易误差的补偿,此外还介绍了对偶四元数的发展。     

脉冲调制在小型姿控推力器中的应用仿真

摘要： 针对采用推力器进行姿态控制过程中的姿态稳定度和燃料消耗优化问题,对脉冲调宽调频（PWPF）和伪速率脉冲（PSR）调制器进行详细介绍,分别对采用PWPF调制器和PSR调制器的姿控推力器姿态控制进行仿真分析,总结采用上述两种调制器的优缺点.以采用双时间常数的方法降低燃料消耗,加入一阶惯性滤波的方法降低系统噪声影响从而提高姿态控制稳定度,设计一种改进的脉冲调制器.通过仿真表明采用改进的脉冲调制器相比于采用PWPF调制器更节省燃料,且姿态稳定精度相当,相比于PSR调制器,改进的脉冲调制器显著提高了姿态稳定精度.     

Instantaneous BeiDou–GPS attitude determination: A performance analysis

The advent of modernized and new global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) has enhanced the availability of satellite based positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) solutions. Specifically, it increases redundancy and yields operational back-up or independence in case of failure or unavailability of one system. Among existing GNSS, the Chinese BeiDou system (BDS) is being developed and will consist of geostationary (GEO) satellites, inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) satellites, and medium-Earth-orbit (MEO) satellites. In this contribution, a BeiDou–GPS robustness analysis is carried out for instantaneous, unaided attitude determination.     

Stability of relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid with orbit–attitude coupling

The full dynamics of spacecraft around an asteroid, in which the spacecraft is considered as a rigid body and the gravitational orbit–attitude coupling is taken into account, is of great value and interest in the precise theories of the motion. The spectral stability of the classical relative equilibria of the full spacecraft dynamics around an asteroid is studied with the method of geometric mechanics. The stability conditions are given explicitly based on the characteristic equation of the linear system matrix. It is found that the linearized system decouples into two entirely independent subsystems, which correspond to the motions within and outside the equatorial plane of the asteroid respectively. The system parameters are divided into three groups that describe the traditional stationary orbit stability, the significance of the orbit–attitude coupling and the mass distribution of the spacecraft respectively. The spectral stability of the relative equilibria is investigated numerically with respect to the three groups of system parameters. The relations between the full spacecraft dynamics and the traditional spacecraft dynamics, as well as the effect of the orbit–attitude coupling, are assessed. We find that when the orbit–attitude coupling is strong, the mass distribution of the spacecraft dominates the stability of the relative equilibria; whereas when the orbit–attitude coupling is weak, both the mass distribution and the traditional stationary orbit stability have significant effects on the stability. We also give a criterion to determine whether the orbit–attitude coupling needs to be considered.     

An empirical solar radiation pressure model for satellites moving in the orbit-normal mode

We present a family of empirical solar radiation pressure (SRP) models suited for satellites orbiting the Earth in the orbit normal (ON) mode. The proposed ECOM-TB model describes the SRP accelerations in the so-called terminator coordinate system. The choice of the coordinate system and the SRP parametrization is based on theoretical assumptions and on simulation results with a QZS-1-like box-wing model, where the SRP accelerations acting on the solar panels and on the box are assessed separately. The new SRP model takes into account that in ON-mode the incident angle of the solar radiation on the solar panels is not constant like in the yaw-steering (YS) attitude mode. It depends on the elevation angle of the Sun above the satellite’s orbital plane. The resulting SRP vector acts, therefore, not only in the Sun-satellite direction, but has also a component normal to it. Both components are changing as a function of the incident angle. ECOM-TB has been used for precise orbit determination (POD) for QZS-1 and BeiDou2 (BDS2) satellites in medium (MEO) and inclined geosynchronous Earth orbits (IGSO) based on IGS MGEX data from 2014 and 2015. The resulting orbits have been validated with SLR, long-arc orbit fits, orbit misclosures, and by the satellite clock corrections based on the orbits. The validation results confirm that—compared to ECOM2—ECOM-TB significantly (factor 3–4) improves the POD of QZS-1 in ON-mode for orbits with different arc lengths (one, three, and five days). Moderate orbit improvements are achieved for BDS2 MEO satellites—especially if ECOM-TB is supported by pseudo-stochastic pulses (the model is then called ECOM-TBP). For BDS2 IGSOs, ECOM-TB with its 9 SRP parameters appears to be over-parameterized. For use with BDS2 IGSO spacecraft we therefore developed a minimized model version called ECOM-TBMP, which is based on the same axis decomposition as ECOM-TB, but has only 2 SRP parameters and is supported by pseudo-stochastic parameters, as well. This model shows a similar performance as ECOM-TB with short arcs, but an improved performance with (3-day) long-arcs. The new SRP models have been activated in CODE’s IGS MGEX solution in Summer 2018. Like the other ECOM models the ECOM-TB derivatives might be used together with an a priori model.