航天用SRAM型FPGA抗单粒子翻转设计

采用SRAM工艺的FPGA因其性能优异,在空间领域的应用受到重视;但是在空间环境中,SRAM型FPGA易受单粒子翻转的影响而导致逻辑故障或功能中断。文章提出对该类芯片的配置逻辑部分采用回读比较后刷新、对其BRAM部分采用通用自纠错宏的抗单粒子翻转（SEU）设计方案,在牺牲一定的器件性能的情况下,能达到较好的抗辐射效果。     

3DG111F等四种双极晶体管空间总剂量效应研究

3DG111F等4种双极晶体管在航天器驱动电子设备中有着重要的应用。研究和掌握空间辐射环境对这些器件产生的总剂量效应有助于了解单机总剂量效应。文章对3DG111F等4种双极晶体管进行了总剂量辐照试验、测量及试验结果分析。研究结果可为单机总剂量效应的分析提供试验依据。     

金属热防护系统边缘热短路研究

研究了金属热防护系统(TPS)的缝隙辐射及支架两大热短路问题。通过数值计算分析了缝隙宽度和缝隙辐射率对热短路的影响,完成了整体样件以及阵列组合件的稳态传热实验测试,定量地研究了热短路的影响情况。实验结果显示:支架处热短路现象明显,实验中支架引发的热短路温差高达50K;在773K以下,缝隙传热引发的温升随着缝隙宽度的增加而线性增加;在773K以上,辐射热传导在缝隙宽度超过3mm时即成为内部传热的主导机制,这时缝隙传热引发的温升不再随宽度增加而线性递增。所提供的数值分析和实验方法可为金属热防护系统的分析与设计提供重要的参考价值。     

某探测器上火箭发动机热防护仿真与设计

根据某探测器的具体结构及工作条件,分析和计算探测器上火箭发动机的热环境参数.利用有限元法计算火箭发动机固壁辐射热流密度,依据热流边界条件设计热防护方案;利用有效发射率表征多层隔热材料隔热性能并进行温度场数值仿真.由于多层隔热材料性能参数的不易确定性,计算了参数在较大范围内的热防护效果.通过仿真计算验证热防护方案的有效性和可靠性,并分析影响热防护效果的主要因素;计算结果表明多层隔热材料的有效发射率是影响隔热性能最重要的因素,比热容、表面发射率、密度对热防护性能影响很小.      

星敏感器空间辐射效应研究

星敏感器作为一类高灵敏度光电集成部件,易受空间辐射的影响造成性能退化和工作 异常。分析星敏感器的辐射效应机理并制定相应的防护对策,既是当前可靠性增长的基础, 也是今后高性能星敏感器发展的必然要求,而国内尚缺少对这一问题的详细论述。阐述了空 间辐射环境和星敏感器的组成以及工作原理,综述分析了空间辐射效应机理和对星敏感器产 生的影响,并介绍了国外在相应防护对策上的经验,更进一步对影响星敏感器较为严重的瞬 态效应做了较为深入的探讨。
     

飞机电磁环境效应的特性及控制

从飞机设计中电磁环境效应基础专业的技术领域和专业构成的演变出发,本文系统地介绍了电磁环境效应的特性以及与飞机使用和安全的关系,重点论述了飞机研制中来自电磁环境效应的威胁及其控制措施。     

无人机路径规划中的环境和威胁模型研究

为了提高无人机执行任务时的突防能力,在进行飞行路径规划时必须对战场环境中的威胁环境进行评估,而威胁环境中的威胁估计与飞机被雷达或类似的传感器探测出的风险度有关,需要考虑的信息包括无人机传感器范围内的威胁位置和强度.路径规划算法依赖于路径规划空间的建模方式,包括环境建模和威胁源建模.目前针对规划空间环境和威胁模型的建模方法缺乏系统分类和论述.分析了战场环境的建模方法,研究了规划空间的离散建模方式,根据无人机飞行过程中可能遭遇的威胁类型进行威胁源类型的划分,并针对三种威胁类型分别建立威胁风险模型,为无人机在复杂环境下的路径规划实现做了参数准备.     

一种基于自适应滤波器的潜艇辐射噪声仿真方法

文章提出了一种基于自适应滤波器的潜艇辐射噪声仿真方法。在对潜艇辐射噪声连续谱、线谱和调制谱的数学模型进行研究的基础上,利用Ecs型功率谱模型,基于自适应滤波器,通过傅里叶反变换对潜艇辐射噪声连续谱进行了仿真,分别叠加了线谱信号和调制谱信号之后,得到潜艇辐射噪声的仿真结果。通过对仿真结果的分析和利用仿真结果与实装进行对接测试,表明仿真的辐射噪声逼真度较高。     

Heliotropic dust rings for Earth climate engineering

This paper examines the concept of a Sun-pointing elliptical Earth ring comprised of dust grains to offset global warming. A new family of non-Keplerian periodic orbits, under the effects of solar radiation pressure and the Earth’s J₂ oblateness perturbation, is used to increase the lifetime of the passive cloud of particles and, thus, increase the efficiency of this geoengineering strategy. An analytical model is used to predict the orbit evolution of the dust ring due to solar-radiation pressure and the J₂ effect. The attenuation of the solar radiation can then be calculated from the ring model. In comparison to circular orbits, eccentric orbits yield a more stable environment for small grain sizes and therefore achieve higher efficiencies when the orbit decay of the material is considered. Moreover, the novel orbital dynamics experienced by high area-to-mass ratio objects, influenced by solar radiation pressure and the J₂ effect, ensure the ring will maintain a permanent heliotropic shape, with dust spending the largest portion of time on the Sun facing side of the orbit. It is envisaged that small dust grains can be released from a circular generator orbit with an initial impulse to enter an eccentric orbit with Sun-facing apogee. Finally, a lowest estimate of 1 × 10¹² kg of material is computed as the total mass required to offset the effects of global warming.     

Preparation of the Biochip experiment on the EXPOSE-R2 mission outside the International Space Station

Biochips might be suited for planetary exploration. Indeed, they present great potential for the search for biomarkers – molecules that are the sign of past or present life in space – thanks to their size (miniaturized devices) and sensitivity. Their detection principle is based on the recognition of a target molecule by affinity receptors fixed on a solid surface. Consequently, one of the main concerns when developing such a system is the behavior of the biological receptors in a space environment. In this paper, we describe the preparation of an experiment planned to be part of the EXPOSE-R2 mission, which will be conducted on the EXPOSE-R facility, outside the International Space Station (ISS), in order to study the resistance of biochip models to space constraints (especially cosmic radiation and thermal cycling). This experiment overcomes the limits of ground tests which do not reproduce exactly the space parameters. Indeed, contrary to ground experiments where constraints are applied individually and in a limited time, the biochip models on the ISS will be exposed to cumulated constraints during several months. Finally, this ISS experiment is a necessary step towards planetary exploration as it will help assessing whether a biochip can be used for future exploration missions.