BP神经网络反演核事故源项中重要参数的研究

核事故发生时,可靠、准确的源项信息能为应急防护行动措施决策提供数据支持。采用Matlab软件神经网络工具箱可以实现基于BP神经网络的核事故源项反演,为提高核事故源项反演计算的准确度,针对反演时的几个重要参数进行研究,包括隐含层节点数、训练函数、学习率和隐含层数。研究结果表明,在单隐含层神经网络结构情况下,存在着最优隐含层节点数,综合考虑训练时间和误差,本文选取隐含层节点数为50来对其他参数影响进行进一步研究;在相同参数设置条件下,训练函数Trainlm比Traingdm更适合数据量较小时的核事故源项反演,反演计算准确度更高,在节点数为50时训练时间缩短了近35%;高学习率以及双隐含层能有效地提高核事故源项反演的精度,但训练时间相对增加。     

霍尔推力器在轨羽流图像诊断方法

为便于霍尔推力器羽流在轨诊断测量,文章提出了一种基于光谱诊断衍生出来的图像诊断方法。首先对推力器羽流进行光学图像采集,然后提取出能够反映羽流不同谱段光强信息的红绿蓝三通道数据;同时结合相机成像原理分析,得到不同通道的像素点灰度值与羽流光谱强度的对应关系;并且基于光谱碰撞辐射模型,建立了羽流图像计算模型。研究结果表明,利用图像诊断方法计算得到的羽流区电子温度和离子密度分布规律均与探针试验结果相吻合,计算的相对不确定度分别约为20%和15%,说明了该诊断方法精度适中,具有较高的可靠性,适用于在轨诊断霍尔推力器羽流等离子体参数。     

翼型湍流尾缘噪声半经验预测公式改进

改进了传统的翼型湍流边界层尾缘噪声BPM半经验预测公式。传统的BPM半经验湍流边界层尾缘噪声预测公式对高攻角和厚翼型在高频范围的预测结果大于实验结果,通过分析比较传统BPM半经验预测公式和Howe翼型尾缘噪声理论模型发现:这主要是由于传统BPM半经验预测公式对压力面声源噪声辐射高估引起的。因此将压力面声源噪声辐射与吸力面声源噪声辐射的幅值比由原来的边界层位移厚度一次方比值改进为二次方比值,进而得到了改进后的BPM半经验预测公式;使用改进后的BPM半经验预测公式对NACA0012翼型在不同来流不同攻角下的噪声辐射进行了预测比较,发现对于NACA0012翼型,改进后的BPM半经验预测公式具有较高精度;另外也预测了较厚的风力机翼型DU-96-W-180,预测结果明显改善。     

火焰辐射光场成像光线采样特性

为了研究全光相机对火焰等半透明介质的光场采样并优化全光相机的参数,基于近轴光学,建立了全光相机的逆向光线追迹模型。在此基础上,针对弥散介质沿采集方向的半透明特性,提出了像素采样锥形角以及物方采样角度等评价光线角度采样的性能指标,据此分析了全光相机像素和微透镜的位置对光场采样特性的影响,以及全光相机光学参数变化对光线方向采样性能的影响。结果表明:采集火焰辐射光场时,较小的微透镜直径有利于提高光场采样的单方向性,并减小主镜头入瞳直径,而较小的主镜头焦距有利于增大物方采样角度。     

大型民用飞机应急撤离模型与仿真方法研究

在元胞自动机模型和行人流模型基础上,解决了飞机疏散模型中的元胞严重冲突问题,实现了模型元胞速度动态可变和对不同出口的流量控制,针对多出口状态下准确地模拟绕过复杂障碍物等要求,建立了基于大型飞机环境特点约束的网格吸引力概率模型,并通过应用某型飞机客舱布局作为算例进行了乘客应急疏散的过程模拟。最后在DELMIA平台下对人员的疏散行为进行建模并实现三维演示验证,模型的仿真过程接近真实情况,仿真结果和现有疏散实验结果相吻合。     

铝电解电容在湿热环境下的贮存可靠性

针对电子设备中的铝电解电容在贮存环境下的失效问题,通过对铝电解电容进行湿热贮存试验,考察了湿热环境引起的铝电解电容外观状态和电性能的变化,并对试验中出现的失效现象进行了分析.结果表明,铝电解电容在湿热环境下出现了引脚腐蚀和橡胶塞长霉的失效现象;环境温度对铝电解电容贮存可靠性有重要影响,温度超过40℃引脚腐蚀速度会大大加快.温度在30℃适宜霉菌生长,温度超过30℃后没有长霉现象.阳极箔上的阳极氧化膜被腐蚀是铝电解电容在湿热环境下出现电容量和漏电流增大的原因.     

海洋环境对吊放声纳作战使用影响研究

作战海域海洋环境对航空吊放声纳工作深度、探潜能力有重要影响。文中以声纳方程为基础,分析了作战海域海况、深度等海洋环境因素对吊放声纳作战使用及探测能力的影响,为合理使用吊放声纳提供了依据。     

战斗机综合热能管理系统稳态仿真

建立综合热管理系统稳态仿真数学模型,在SIMULINK软件平台上搭建仿真模块,对系统同一高度不同马赫数及同一马赫数不同高度进行了稳态仿真,得到系统中关键部件的进出口温度和流量,并分析了马赫数以及高度变化对各状态点温度的影响。分析得出马赫数增加各状态点的温度基本是增加的,只有燃油冷却出口温度先减后增;各状态点的温度随高度的增高基本是减小的,只有燃油冷却出口温度是增加的。     

Charging of dust grains by anisotropic solar wind multi-component plasma

In this paper we study the charging process of small grain particles by anisotropic multi-component solar wind plasmas (electrons, protons and heavy ions), versus two-component (electron/proton) plasmas. We are focusing attention on the important characteristics of the charging process, namely the charging time, floating potential and current content as functions of plasma parameters such as He⁺⁺/H⁺ (α/p) number density and T_α/T_p temperature ratios of alpha particles to protons, as well as plasma streaming velocity v₀. Measured statistical properties of solar wind plasma parameters at 1 AU show considerable variations in α/p-temperature ratios from 1 to 10, in α/p-number density ratio from 0.01 to 0.35, as well as in values of streaming velocity v₀ from 200 km/s to 1000 km/s and more. Periods of these variations could last for several days each, leading to significant variability in the charging process, according to newly derived general analytical expressions. Numerical calculations performed for protons/alphas plasmas showed large disparity in the charging characteristics. For example, in anisotropic plasma, grain charging time varies up to 90% depending on α/p-particles temperature and number density ratios, whereas changes in floating potential are up to 40%. In contrast, in isotropic plasma, charging characteristic for grains do not change very much for the same plasma parameters variations, with charging time varying about 12% and floating potential only varying about 4%. It is also shown that in highly anisotropic plasma, with all ballistic electrons and ions, dust grains could not hold their charges, and characteristic discharged time is calculated. We note that the analysis is equally applicable to any sized body immersed in solar wind plasma.     

Kinetic theory of sheath formation in solar wind plasma

We present a general self-consistent kinetic theory for plasma sheath formation in solar wind plasma. The theory could be applied to anisotropic, as well as to isotropic collisionless plasma without resorting to any simplifications, limitations, or assumptions, such as the necessary existence of a ‘pre-sheath’ region of ions acceleration to ensure the Bohm criterion. The kinetic framework is first applied to sheath formation around an arbitrary oriented planar absorbing surface, charged by solar wind anisotropic plasma, under the condition of negligible photoelectric effect. We then make use of our kinetic approach for the plane geometry in isotropic collisionless plasma, as a particular case of a planar electrode orientation parallel to plasma streaming velocity, also analyzing the sheath structure around spherical and cylindrical absorbing electrodes submerged in isotropic collisionless plasma. Obtained results demonstrate principal differences in spatial charge distributions in sheath regions between spherical or cylindrical electrodes of large size and an unbound planar surface submerged in isotropic plasma. In the case of a planar electrode, we directly compare results obtained in our kinetic and hydrodynamic theories and conventional hydrodynamic theory of plasma sheath formation. The outcome from the present study have direct implications to the analysis of plasma sheath structure and associated distribution in space of charged dust grains, which is relevant to the moon exploration near the optical terminator region or in shadowed craters in the moon.