基于D-S证据理论的磨粒识别

基于D-S证据理论的信息融合方法应用于磨损颗粒的自动识别,编制了相应的计算机识别程序。在对磨粒图象的形态特征参数进行筛选和统计分析的基础上,确定了各参数的统计容许限和决策基元概率。通过对一组标准磨粒的模拟识别试验,显示该方法具有算法简单、运行可靠、识别正确率高以及识别速度快的优点。      

飞机发动机燃料计量系统故障分析的一种方法

随着产品成本和复杂性的提高，故障模式影响分析已成为复杂系统设计过程中不可或缺的部分。但其有效性多年来一直存在争议，其主要原因在于采用以经验为主的定性推理法，分析繁琐，工作量大，导致很难确定每种故障模式的故障影响。本文从BIT设计的角度，以功能角色模型理论为基础，导出在反馈系统中的推理规则和故障模式影响分析方法。最后以喷气式发动机燃料计量系统为例，阐述对该系统进行故障分析的一般步骤。研究表明，本文提出的功能角色模型理论可有效提高故障模式影响分析效率。     

空间回路网法在隐身结构电磁散射计算中的应用

随着计算机技术的发展,计算电磁学得到了极大地发展和运用。它可以通过数值计算得到描述宏观电磁场的Maxwell方程组的解,从而分析介质的电磁性能。本文介绍了空间回路网法（SNM）的基本原理和使用方法。并计算了8 GHz平面波条件下的正方形格栅结构的反射率,通过比较发现单元尺寸为半波长时,电磁波吸收性能强于1倍波长情况。     

一种模糊推理模型在医学专家系统中的应用

本文介绍一种模糊推理模型DFRM(The Double Weight Number Fuzzy Reasoning Model),它已应用到儿童消化道疾病专家系统中,获得了满意的结果。并对该模型作了评价。     

Geometric problem solving with strings and pins

Humans solve spatial and abstract problems more easily if these can be visualized and/or physically manipulated. We analyze the domain of geometric problem solving from a cognitive perspective and identify several levels of domain abstraction that interact in the problem solving process. We discuss the roles of physical manifestations of spatial configurations, their manipulation, and their perception for understanding problem solving processes. We propose an extension of the classical problem solving repertoire of constructive geometry to approach certain problems more directly than under the compass-and-straightedge paradigm. Specifically, we introduce strings and pins as helpful metaphors for a generalization of the constructive geometry approach. We present classical problems from spatial problem solving to illustrate the ‘strings and pins’ paradigm. Three case studies are discussed: strings-and-pins solutions to (i) the ellipse construction problem; (ii) the shortest path problem; and (iii) the angle trisection problem. Comparisons to formal solutions are drawn. Differences and similarities between the compass-and-straightedge paradigm and the strings-and-pins paradigm are analyzed. Features and limitations of constructive and depictive geometry as well as implications for computational approaches are discussed. The strings-and-pins domain is shown to be more general and less restrictive than the compass-and-straightedge domain.     

Effects of Basic Path Properties on Human Path Integration

Abstract

We investigated how path integration performance can be influenced by five basic path properties in a Virtual Reality Cube. Participants performed path-completion tasks in hallway paths with up to 12 segments. Distance information was visual, whereas turning angles were specified through vision and body senses. The ridge regression analyses suggested that path integration was affected by the number of segments, overall path length/turning angles, and the correct homing distance. Moreover, an un-correlation paradigm showed that path completion performance might be affected by participants' expectations for the correct homing distance of different paths. Implications on models of path integration were discussed.     

A Qualitative Calculus for Three-Dimensional Rotations

We have developed a qualitative calculus for three-dimensional directions and rotations. A direction is characterized in terms of the signs of its components relative to an absolute coordinate system. A rotation is characterized in terms of the signs of the components of the associated 3 × 3 rotation matrix.

A system has been implemented that can solve the following problems: 1. Given the signs of direction and rotation matrix P, find the possible signs of the image of under P. Moreover, for each possible sign vector of · P, generate numerical instantiations of and P that yields that result.

2. Given the signs of rotation matrices P and Q, find the possible signs of the composition P · Q. Moreover, for each possible sign matrix for the composition, generate numerical instantiations of P and Q that yield that result.

We have also proved some related complexity and expressivity results. The satisfiability problem for a qualitative rotation constraint network is NP-complete in two dimensions and NP-hard in three dimensions. In three dimensions, any two directions are distinguishable by a qualitative rotation constraint network.     

误差定性分析方法在机构导航系统中的应用

在分析机构导航误差的基础上,提出用泰勒级数展开法对机构导航系统的误差进行定性分析;同时,结合计算机辅助髓内钉远端锁定瞄准系统这一具体实例,对定性分析的结论和实际试验结果作了比较.比较结果说明该方法是准确有效的,能够为该类系统的设计及优化提供可靠的依据.      

瞬态传热问题的微分求积和精细积分求解方法

给出了瞬态传热问题的高效高精度求解方法,该方法分别用微分求积法(DQM)和精细积分法(PIM)离散空间域和时间域.微分求积方法除了精度高、效率高之外,处理复杂边界条件的灵活性也优于有限元法(FEM).用精细积分法处理一阶瞬态传热微分控制方程,不需要增加额外自由度,还可以达到计算机精度.给出了隔热结构4种边界条件下的数值结果.并就上表面恒温、其他面绝热边界条件计算结果与有限元分析结果进行了对比,算例分析表明,采用微分求积和精细积分法布置少量的节点就可以达到较高的精度.      

双转台五轴数控加工空间孔的坐标偏置算法建模

根据空间几何理论建立了双转台五轴数控加工空间孔的中心坐标偏置算法模型,利用该模型可以计算出要加工的空间孔随着工作台旋转和摆动后孔口中心在参考坐标系下的坐标,然后利用数控系统的基准偏置功能将参考坐标系的原点偏置到该点,从而可以建立易于空间孔编程的、新的参考坐标系。