大型环形可展开天线型面高精度测试方法研究

天线反射器型面精度是衡量、评价天线质量的重要指标之一,天线型面精度的高低将直接影响天线的电性能指标。大型环形可展开天线型面精度测试,目前多采用高精度工业数字化摄影测量技术进行,在使用高精度数字化摄影测量系统对大型环形可展开天线开展型面测试过程中,系统测量精度主要受摄影基准选用、测量距离、测量靶标大小、测量角度、测量拍照数量、相机参数等多项工艺参数影响。就如何使用数字化摄影测量系统对大型环形可展开天线开展高精度型面测试方法开展研究,通过对高精度长基准尺的设计及布局研究,以及对摄影测量系统最优匹配工艺参数研究及验证,得到一种针对大型环形可展开天线开展高精度型面测试的方法。试验证明,该方法可靠有效,能够满足大型环形可展开天线开展型面高精度测试的测量需求。     

制导火箭弹大着角所需脉冲发动机数量的确定

推导出制导火箭弹为获得期望着角所需的脉冲发动机数量解析公式,并根据此公式对比研究了火箭弹分别采用同时点火和依次点火时俯仰角初始值、期望着角和脉冲发动机推力对脉冲发动机数量的影响。研究表明,同时点火方式优于依次点火方式;飞行末段姿态调整时间较长时,期望着角和初始俯仰角对发动机数量的影响很小;随着脉冲推力的增加,所需的脉冲发动机数量递减。     

基于合作目标和视觉的无人飞行器全天候自动着陆导引关键技术

 GPS受他国控制和易受干扰对基于该导航系统的无人飞行器导航和着陆具有潜在危险,为了使其安全自动着陆,提出通过在着陆跑道(广场或公路)上预设具有受控发射红外光的地面合作目标,实现无人飞行器的视觉全天候自动精确着陆新技术。首先研究得到切实可行的工作过程;然后研制了合作目标,通过理论分析和实验得出,无论能见度高低,8~12 μm中远红外视觉系统探测到的合作目标图像质量远优于可见光视觉系统,研究得到合作目标和背景的温差在170~200 ℃时,成像效果最好。在识别研究中发现,基于传统的不变矩算法对合作目标的识别可靠性稍差,为了进一步准确地识别合作目标,又提出了基于方向链码的合作目标识别算法,该方法的耗时为不变距的96%,但是识别的可靠性比前者有显著提高。     

钣金件快速精确加工中的激光切割工艺分析

针对δ0．5mm～δ6mm钣金件的结构特点,通过比较常用加工工艺和激光切割过程工艺．选出适合实际的优化方案。验证了不同切割参数对切割质量的影响。在工艺参数为：脉冲功率2．4kW、脉冲宽度约10ms、功率密度10^7W/cm^2的情况下,激光切割δ0．5mm～δ6mm钣金件获得了良好的切割质量,尺寸精度控制在误差（±100μm）范围内。工艺方案合理,生产率高。     

Optimal guidance and collision avoidance for docking with the rotating target spacecraft

The guidance and control strategy for spacecraft rendezvous and docking are of vital importance, especially for a chaser spacecraft docking with a rotating target spacecraft. Approach guidance for docking maneuver in planar is studied in this paper. Approach maneuver includes two processes: optimal energy approach and the following flying-around approach. Flying-around approach method is presented to maintain a fixed relative distance and attitude for chaser spacecraft docking with target spacecraft. Due to the disadvantage of energy consumption and initial velocity condition, optimal energy guidance is presented and can be used for providing an initial state of flying-around approach process. The analytical expression of optimal energy guidance is obtained based on the Pontryagin minimum principle which can be used in real time. A couple of solar panels on the target spacecraft are considered as obstacles during proximity maneuvers, so secure docking region is discussed. A two-phase optimal guidance method is adopted for collision avoidance with solar panels. Simulation demonstrates that the closed-loop optimal energy guidance satisfies the ending docking constraints, avoids collision with time-varying rotating target, and provides the initial velocity conditions of flying-around approach maneuver. Flying-around approach maneuver can maintain fixed relative position and attitude for docking.     

基于光纤双环网的高精度时频同步技术研究

本文介绍了一种基于光纤双环网的时频同步技术设计方法，针对时频设备协同使用时如何获得高精度同步指标这一问题提出了一种设计思路。以系统时间源使用北斗/GPS/GLONASS，本系统同步精度优于5E-13，频率稳定度优于5E-13@1d；以UTC(BIRMM)输出的TOD+1PPS做系统时间源，本系统同步精度优于4E-13，频率稳定度优于6E-14@1d。本方案提出的方法原理简单，系统可根据使用情况进行裁剪，相比卫星双向等手段成本低廉，适合在时频同步领域推广。     

基于边缘计算和VPRS的火箭设备单机双层判读与实时诊断

为提高参数自动判读的效率，增强设备单机状态诊断的时效性和准确性，提出一种基于边缘计算和变精度粗糙集(VPRS)的运载火箭设备单机双层判读与实时诊断方法。首先构建了边缘层-判读服务器层的双层判读架构。然后，基于边缘计算技术设计了边缘层判读方法，对参数原始数据进行阈值判断与数据筛选。随后，在判读服务器层，定义AIPL(AutoIP Language)判据描述语言设计高阶判据并进行高阶判读；基于VPRS建立了实时诊断模型，对设备单机的历史数据进行约简，挖掘出了简化后的状态诊断规则。最后，以XX火箭设备单机遥测数据自动判读系统升级改造为例，验证了所提方法的可行性与有效性。     

Impact time control using biased proportional navigation for missiles with varying velocity

A feasible guidance scheme with impact time constraint is proposed for attacking a stationary target by missiles with time-varying velocity. The main idea is to replace the constant velocity with the future mean velocity; therefore, the existing time-to-go estimation algorithm of the proportional navigation guidance law can be improved to adapt to varying conditions. In order to obtain the prediction of the velocity profile, the velocity differential equation to the downrange is derived, which can be numerically integrated between the current downrange and the target position by the on-board computer. Then, a third-order polynomial is introduced to fit the velocity profile in order to calculate the future mean velocity. At the beginning of each guidance loop, the future mean velocity is predicted and the time-to-go information is updated, based on which a novel biased proportional navigation guidance law is established to achieve the impact time constraint. Finally, numerical simulation results verified the effectiveness of the time-to-go estimation algorithm and the proposed law.     

动能拦截器运动伪装末制导律设计

针对动能拦截器末制导问题，基于运动伪装理论设计了末制导律和相应的脉冲宽度脉冲频率(PWPF)调节器。根据拦截器和目标在视线旋转坐标系下的相对运动关系建立了动力学模型。通过运动伪装特性得出的拦截条件推导出作用在视线法向上的制导指令表达式。在动能拦截器制导推力受限情况下，利用PWPF调节器调节制导指令。考虑系统的可控条件和拦截条件，对调节器参数进行了理论设计。运动伪装末制导律保证动能拦截器在制导过程起到伪装作用，具有较高的制导精度和较小的命中过载，同时经过参数设计后的PWPF调节器可以节省燃料。最后，通过数值仿真校验了所设计末制导律的正确性和有效性。     

Integrated method of guidance,control and morphing for hypersonic morphing vehicle in glide phase

The morphing technology of hypersonic vehicle improved the flight performance by changing aerodynamic characteristics with shape deformations, but the design of guidance and control system with morphing laws remained to be explored. An Integrated of Guidance, Control and Morphing (IGCM) method for Hypersonic Morphing Vehicle (HMV) was developed in this paper. The IGCM method contributed to an effective solution of morphing characteristic to improve flight performance and reject the disturbance for guidance and control system caused by the morphing system for HMV in gliding phase. The IGCM models were established based on the motion models and aerodynamic models of the variable span vehicle. Then the IGCM method was designed by adaptive block dynamic surface back-stepping method with stability proof. The parallel controlled simulations’ results showed the effectiveness in accomplishing the flight mission of IGCM method in glide phase with smaller terminal errors. The velocity loss of HMV was reduced by 32.8% which inferred less flight time and larger terminal flight velocity than invariable span vehicle. Under the condition of large deviations of aerodynamic parameters and atmospheric density, the robustness of IGCM method with variable span was verified.