Random Weighting Estimation Method for Dynamic Navigation Positioning

This paper presents a new random weighting estimation method for dynamic navigation positioning.This method adopts the concept of random weighting estimation to estimate the covariance matrices of system state noises and observation noises for controlling the disturbances of singular observations and the kinematic model errors.It satisfies the practical requirements of the residual vector and innovation vector to sufficiently utilize observation information,thus weakening the disturbing effect of the kinematic model error and observation model error on the state parameter estimation.Theories and algorithms of random weighting estimation are established for estimating the covariance matrices of observation residual vectors and innovation vectors.This random weighting estimation method provides an effective solution for improving the positioning accuracy in dynamic navigation.Experimental results show that compared with the Kalman filtering,the extended Kalman filtering and the adaptive windowing filtering,the proposed method can adaptively determine the covariance matrices of observation error and state error,effectively resist the disturbances caused by system error and observation error,and significantly improve the positioning accuracy for dynamic navigation.     

美军机载导航设备及其发展

美军在确定其军事导航定位和机载设备基本要求的基础上,突出导航能力的全球性、高精度和可靠性,对不同作战用途的飞机配置了不同的导航系统。介绍美军战斗机、攻击机、轰炸机、预警和指挥飞机装备的主要导航设备,主要性能参数和战术技术指标,分析美军机载导航设备研究方向和发展趋势,对我军与美军在机载导航设备的差异进行比较并分析差距,提出发展建议。     

渐进成形在雷达天线制造中的应用基础

论述了渐进成形在雷达天线制造中的应用,包括支撑模型的制造、成形定位、以及天线的成形过程.研究表明,在正成形过程中成形工具与支撑模型之间的间隙和成形中的二次定位是影响成形质量的重要因素.关于成形质量控制问题存在两方面:(1)成形工具与支撑模型之间的间隙控制必须严格遵循零件厚度分布的余弦规律;(2)准确的二次定位.     

中国区域卫星导航系统星座的方案探讨

首先简要介绍了欧洲、日本发展卫星定位导航系统的情况。阐述了我国第二代区域卫星导航系统的必要性。指出了采用因轨道同步卫星和静止星的星座方案的优缺点。用计算机仿真详细研究了倾斜椭圆轨道同步卫星的轨道参数与定位性能关系。设计了一个静止卫星和椭圆同步卫星组成的7星星座，并且评估了该星座在我国及周边地区的性能。仿真计算表明，这种星座能够满足现阶段我国区域导航系统需要。     

Precise Decoupling Tracking of Airspeed and Altitude for UAV Based on Causal Solution of Stable Inversion

Use stable inversion to accomplish precise decoupling tracking of airspeed and altitude for conventional takeoff and landing of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is in essence a non-minimum phase output tracking problem. The main contribution of this article is that a new method to calculate the causal solution of stable inversion is proposed by introducing a well defined perturbed signal to the system's unstable internal dynamics. It is helpful to overcome the pitfalls resulting from non-causality in existing methods. Different from the mathematically accurate offline non-causal solution, the causal solution is an approximation with asymptotically convergent errors. The important merits are: It obviates the needs for the output trajectory to be pre-known time parameterized functions, hence broadening the application of stable inversion; The low computational workload is much more suitable for and beneficial to real-time applications than any existing method based on stable inversion. The output tracking problem is then converted into a state tracking problem based on the causal solution of stable inversion. Precise decoupling tracking of airspeed and altitude is realized by using a feedback controller. Simulations are carried out to verify the viability and low computational workload of the method.     

前后向迭代滤波算法在高精度姿态测量中的应用

为了满足航空物探对于高精度姿态基准的需求,对前后向迭代滤波算法进行了研究.在前向捷联惯导算法的基础上,推导了后向捷联惯导算法,基于SINS/GPS组合导航方案构建了15状态Kalman滤波器,提出了前后向迭代滤波算法,通过仿真实验和转台实验对比了前后向迭代滤波算法与R -T -S平滑的估计效果.实验结果表明:经过前后向...     

基于固定模糊度PPP的低轨卫星实时精密定轨

传统动力学定轨法受制于动力学模型精度,传统几何定轨法精度受限,只能达到亚米级,而基于精密单点定位（PPP）模式的几何定轨法一般采用浮点解,定轨精度及可靠性较基于双差模式的相对定位较差。为提高PPP模式低轨定轨的定位性能,利用中国区域内外的IGS测站计算出当前所有卫星的宽巷和窄巷相位小数偏差产品,对经过中国大陆区域上空的国产低轨卫星海洋二号（HY-2）和资源三号 (ZY-3) 卫星进行固定模糊度PPP的定轨解算,与事后精密轨道结果进行比较,分析其外符合精度。结果表明：仅利用约10min弧段的HY-2和ZY-3卫星数据,切向与径向的定轨精度可达2cm左右,法向为5cm左右,较浮点解定轨精度大幅提升。基于固定模糊度PPP的定轨方法能够满足厘米级的实时精密定轨。     

利用人工神经网络仿真GPS误差信号

GPS（Global positioning system）是一种在军事和民用方面广泛应用的定位系统。如何降低成本，提高精度是一个重要的课题。本文应用人工神经网络能够实现高度非线性的特点，在对地理位置已知点进行大量GSP实际测量的基础上，设计出一种BP网络，作为GPS误差信号模拟器。在给出时间和天气情况的条件下，该模型器能够输出GPS的实时误差，为应用系统中对GPS误差进行补偿提供依据。通过与实际测试数据相比较，证明这种方法具有较好的模拟效果。     

An analysis on combined GPS/COMPASS data quality and its effect on single point positioning accuracy under different observing conditions

With the rapid development of the COMPASS system, it is currently capable of providing regional navigation services. In order to test its data quality and performance for single point positioning (SPP), experiments have been conducted under different observing conditions including open sky, under trees, nearby a glass wall, nearby a large area of water, under high-voltage lines and under a signal transmitting tower. To assess the COMPASS data quality, the code multipath, cycle slip occurrence rate and data availability were analyzed and compared to GPS data. The datasets obtained from the experiments have also been utilized to perform combined GPS/COMPASS SPP on an epoch-by-epoch basis using unsmoothed single-frequency code observations. The investigation on the regional navigation performance aims at low-accuracy applications and all tests are made in Changsha, China, using the “SOUTH S82-C” GPS/COMPASS receivers. The results show that adding COMPASS observations can significantly improve the positioning accuracy of single-frequency GPS-only SPP in environments with limited satellite visibility. Since the COMPASS system is still in an initial operational stage, all results are obtained based on a fairly limited amount of data.     

基于半参数回归模型的双星系统定轨算法及精度分析

天基测控系统是航天测控的一个发展趋势。给出了双星定位系统的定轨原理；建立了基于半参数回归的双星系统定轨模型，包括对卫星轨道摄动误差的基函数表示和观测残差的函数拟合等；给出了基于半参数回归的轨道估计算法及计算步骤；并从理论上分析了基于半参数回归模型的轨道估计算法能有效的消除非线性因素对参数估计性能和精度的影响，其定轨精度优于经典的最小二乘处理算法；最后通过对卫星仿真观测数据的处理以及卫星定轨精度的分析，表明该算法确实有效，在相同仿真条件下，定轨位置精度和速度精度分别提高了41．5％和41．3％。