刷丝磨损对刷式密封泄漏流动特性影响数值与实验研究

采用有限元分析与计算流体力学相结合的方法,建立了考虑刷丝磨损的刷式密封泄漏流动特性求解模型,设计搭建了基于柱面圆周摩擦形式的刷式密封摩擦磨损特性实验装置,实验研究了刷丝与转子间正压力特性,在实验验证数值计算准确性的基础上,研究了刷丝磨损对刷式密封泄漏流动特性的影响规律。研究结果表明:从刷丝束上游到下游,刷丝与转子间正压力和刷丝磨损长度均先减小后增大;刷丝磨损长度随干涉量、刷丝直径的增加而增大,随压比、刷丝长度的增加而减小。考虑刷丝磨损的刷式密封泄漏量随压比、干涉量、刷丝直径的增加而增大,随着刷丝长度的增加而减小。提出泄漏量变化率表征刷丝磨损对刷式密封泄漏特性的影响程度,泄漏量变化率随刷丝直径的增加而增大,随着刷丝长度和压比的增加而减小;在压比为2.5的工况下,当刷丝直径从0.09 mm增至0.11 mm时,泄漏量变化率从9.53%增至19.18%;当刷丝长度从15.556 mm增至17.556 mm时,泄漏量变化率从13.47%降至5.38%。增加刷丝长度并减小刷丝直径可以降低刷丝磨损对刷式密封封严性能的影响。      

矩阵方程（AX，XB）=（C，D）和AXB=C的对称正定解

讨论了矩阵方程（ＡＸ，ＸＢ）＝（Ｃ，Ｄ）和ＡＸＢ＝Ｃ的对称正定解。利用奇异值分解和广义奇异值分解导出了这些矩阵方程有对称正定解的充分必要条件，并且给出了一般对称正定解的表达式     

四元数在弹射座椅性能仿真中的应用

针对弹射座椅性能仿真中欧拉角速率方程在大幅度姿态运动时存在奇异性,以及四元数法由于姿态角的有界性而出现跳跃、难以实现全姿态角的问题,提出了四元数与欧拉角相结合的方法.阐述了四元数的定义、几何意义及四元数表示的运动学方程.通过四元数到欧拉角的转换,给出了仿真中四元数的积分初值计算公式;分析了弹射仿真中姿态角的跳跃和间断问题.以某型号座椅为例进行了仿真计算,通过对比仿真结果和试验数据,确认了仿真的有效性;与采用单一四元数法的仿真结果进行对比表明,该方法充分结合了四元数与欧拉角速率方程的优点,有效解决了欧拉角速率方程的奇异性和弹射仿真中全姿态角的实现.      

Solar filament eruptions and their physical role in triggering coronal mass ejections

Solar filament eruptions play a crucial role in triggering coronal mass ejections (CMEs). More than 80% of eruptions lead to a CME. This correlation has been studied extensively during the past solar cycles and the last long solar minimum. The statistics made on events occurring during the rising phase of the new solar cycle 24 is in agreement with this finding. Both filaments and CMEs have been related to twisted magnetic fields. Therefore, nearly all the MHD CME models include a twisted flux tube, called a flux rope. Either the flux rope is present long before the eruption, or it is built up by reconnection of a sheared arcade from the beginning of the eruption.     

高空模拟试车台主被动引射方案数值研究

采用二维轴对称雷诺平均方程和Spalart-Allmaras湍流模型,对一大面积比火箭发动机高空模拟试车台在不同引射方案下发动机启动至稳定运行过程中不同室压下的流场结构进行了数值模拟.空间上采用二阶迎风格式进行耦合求解,时间上采用显式Runge-Kutta方法进行迭代推进.结果表明,采用启动段主动引射、主级段被动引射的...     

外商经营房地产活动与上海城市的近代化

以外资公司为主体的房地产业是近代上海经济的支柱产业之一。笔者对上海近代房地产业的诞生、外高的投资和营销方式、房地产业发展与金融业的关系，房地产业在上海城市近代化过程中的作用及其衰落进行了分析。     

聚能爆破切割清理弹射通道技术

 考虑到飞机隐身等因素,飞机驾驶舱顶部为金属结构而不是传统的座舱盖结构,在弹射救生过程中,采用聚能爆破切割技术,切割金属结构形成"座舱盖"并抛放以清理弹射通道,且已在B-1B、B2飞机上采用。利用座舱顶部金属结构平板件,对聚能切割器装药量、切割厚度,切割过程冲击噪声对飞行员的影响、爆破飞溅物对飞行员的损伤防护等进行了分析和试验研究,并将冲击噪声对飞行员的影响与国军标的要求进行了对比。通过本次研究,将为以后的工程应用提供基础性依据。     

Characteristics of solar particle events at Mars relative to Earth

While not specifically designed to detect solar energetic particle radiation, the Electron Reflectometer onboard Mars Global Surveyor (MGS/ER) collected such data from January 1999 through October 2006. Energetic protons (?25 MeV) and other ions penetrated the MGS/ER shielding and registered counts within the instrument’s electronics. During solar particle events (SPE’s), prolonged enhancements in the particle background were observed at Mars with time intensity profiles similar to Earth based SPE observations. Throughout the lifespan of MGS/ER, 85 distinct SPE’s were observed. Basic characteristics of Mars based SPE observations and the frequency of SPE occurrences at Mars are compared to corresponding Earth based observations. Approximately 22% of SPE’s that occurred during MGS/ER operation were observed at Earth but not Mars. Similarly, 19% of SPE’s were observed at Mars but not Earth. Time intensity profiles at Earth and Mars match predictions provided in the literature, based on the physical location of the detector with respect to the motion of the interplanetary shock wave. Note: The work described herein was largely conducted as part of a doctoral dissertation produced by the author.     

Advance of interplanetary physics study in China: 2008—2010

Interplanetary physics study is an important ingredient in space weather research. Considerable progress this aspect has been achieved by the space physics community of China in recent years. This brief report summarizes the latest advances of the interplanetary physics research in China during the period of 2008--2010. This report includes solar corona and solar wind, interplanetary transients, energetic particles, MHD simulation, space plasma, and prediction methods for physical phenomena originating from both solar corona and interplanetary space.      

交替LU分裂算法及其在CFD中的应用

在CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)时间相关算法中,为了保证计算的稳定性,时间步长的取值通常会很小,这将导致计算过程收敛缓慢.针对这一问题,提出了一种新的迭代算法—交替LU分裂(ALUS,Alternating Lower-Upper Splitting)算法,可以有效加速收敛,提高计算效率.ALUS算法将系数矩阵分裂成上、下三角矩阵,因此仅需要利用追赶法求解两个三角矩阵,计算量较小,容易实现.给出了ALUS算法收敛的定理,并且通过线性问题以及CFD圆柱绕流的数值模拟对ALUS算法进行了检验.理论分析和数值实验的结果均表明:ALUS算法计算量小,大大节省了计算时间,而且该算法是鲁棒的.因此ALUS算法是高效的、稳定的算法,适用于CFD数值模拟.