星载“偏振交火”传感器设计及初步在轨应用

针对近地表细颗粒物含量的卫星遥感精度问题，系统提出了“偏振交火”的卫星遥感策略和模型，开发了高精度偏振扫描仪(POSP)和多角度偏振成像仪(DPC)双偏振载荷套件，装载在大气环境监测卫星上并成功发射。本文在介绍“偏振交火”原理的基础上，系统论述了载荷工程的实现方法和在轨应用方法，初步展示和评估了在轨应用效果。在轨初步应用结果显示:双偏振载荷间能够实现稳定交火工作，视场匹配精度优于0.077 POSP像元;基于L1级数据初步开展了双偏振载荷间的辐射和偏振交叉定标/验证，共有波段拟合优度(R²)分别达到0.999和0.993;基于“偏振交火”载荷观测数据融合反演的近地表PM2.5与地基网络监测结果的相关性为0.684，偏差落在期望误差(EE)范围内的比例为88.36%。初步在轨结果达到了预期应用目标，显示了“偏振交火”方案在气溶胶污染监测方面的应用潜力。     

Damage sensitivity of a wing-type leading edge structure impacted by a bird

On the windward side of an aircraft, the components with higher probability of impact with birds are the wing-type leading edge structures, such as the wing and tail. A study on the damage sensitivity of a wing-type leading edge structure under bird strikes was presented in this paper. First, a bird strike test was carried out on a wing. The principles of the bird strike test equipment and method were introduced in detail, including the bird strike test system, bird projectile production process and data acquisition system. The dynamic strain measurement results, the high-speed camera videos, and the final deformation and damage morphology observations of the structure were obtained. Based on the coupled Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) - Finite Element Method (FEM), the commercial software PAM-CRASH was used to simulate the process of a bird strike with the wing. The good agreement between the finite element simulation results and the experimental results shows that the calculation method and the numerical model presented in this paper were reasonable. On this basis, wing-type leading edge structures can be designed by adding triangular support. The bird strike resistances of an original structure and improved structure were studied by numerical simulation. The calculated results show that the improved wing-type leading edge structure is less damaged than the original structure under bird strike. The improved leading edge structure satisfied the anti-bird strike airworthiness requirements, as the thickness of the triangular support was 1.2 mm, and the weight of the structure was reduced by 0.87 kg compared with the original structure. This indicated that the bird strike resistance of the improved structure is better than that of the original structure, and the improved design of the wing-type leading edge structure presented in this paper is reasonable.     

副翼刚度模拟器优化设计与分析

副翼刚度模拟器是对副翼作动器的支撑刚度进行参数模拟的装置,是航空地面载荷试验中的关键器件,研究副翼刚度模拟器的刚度随位置的变化规律有利于其设计和应用,具有重要的工程价值。建立力学模型,提出刚度折减系数,探讨刚度模拟器的刚度特性;进行模拟器刚度仿真,并通过刚度测试试验验证力学模型和仿真的正确性;以目标刚度对距离的敏感性对模拟器的厚度进行优化设计。结果表明:提出的刚度折减系数可快速预测模拟器的刚度特性,7 mm是模型刚度板的最优厚度。     

TiB2颗粒对2195铝锂合金焊接头焊接性的影响

为了解决2195铝锂合金在焊接时裂纹敏感性高、焊接头软化等问题,通过调整焊丝的化学成分,添加微米级原位自生TiB_2颗粒,制备出BJ-4210焊丝,并对焊接头的抗裂性、力学性能及显微组织进行了研究。研究表明,TiB_2颗粒在熔池中作为形核质点,能够降低焊缝晶粒尺寸并且改变晶粒形态,从而有效的降低接头的裂纹敏感性,提高接头的力学性能,其拉伸强度达到370 MPa,延伸率为3.1%。BJ-4210焊丝的研制可为2195铝锂合金的工程应用提供技术支撑。