有源多假目标干扰的极化识别新方法

提出一种利用单脉冲跟踪雷达的和、差波束特性差异的极化估计算法。基于目标散射回波和固定转发式有源假目标干扰产生物理机理的差异,设计了极化相似测度、极化相关系数、极化欧式距离等干扰鉴别参量,提出了有源假目标干扰鉴别算法。该技术无需增加极化通道,降低了计算和处理难度,更易工程实现。仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于CPU/GPU的日冕偏振亮度并行计算模型

三维磁流体力学(MHD)数值模拟是用来研究日冕和太阳风最常用的方法之一, 其中将计算得到的日冕电子数密度转化为日冕偏振亮度(Polarization Brightness, PB)是与观测对比的重要方法. 由于待转换电子数据网格密度、PB数据网格密度和计算模型的复杂度, 使得日冕偏振亮度的计算比较耗时, 利用单CPU计算无法达到近实时转换日冕偏振亮度的要求, 从而影响了数值模拟的验证效率. 本文在CPU/GPU环境下, 利用CUDA编程技术, 提出了一个日冕偏振亮度并行计算模型. 实验结果表明, 该模型比CPU上的串行模型计算速度提高了31.86倍, 达到了近实时模拟与观测数据比对的计算要求.      

干涉型光纤安防系统偏振误差机理分析

对应用于安全防范、石油管道监测的双马赫-曾德型光纤安防系统的结构及工作原理进行分析.针对现场测试结果,分析了影响系统精度的误差因素,提出影响系统精度和增加误报率主要是由于偏振态变化不一致导致的两路干涉信号幅值波动以及附加相位噪声引入的距离定位误差.并展开对系统偏振衰落形成机理及其主要影响因素的定量定性分析,同时建立数学模型,进行仿真计算.最后通过对双马赫-曾德型光纤安防系统样机进行实验,验证了分析结果的正确性.     

Zn／纳米CeO2复合镀层的制备及其性能研究

采用电镀方法制备了Zn/纳米CeO2复合镀层,分析了镀液中CeO2颗粒悬浮量、阴极电流密度和镀液温度等因素对复合镀层中纳米CeO2复合量和膜层质量的影响,用正交试验法优选了各工艺参数。采用电化学方法和浸泡法研究了Zn/纳米CeO2复合镀层的耐蚀性。结果表明,相对于纯镀锌镀层,复合镀层晶粒细小,平整光滑,显微组织均匀、致密,并且镀层耐蚀性能有提高。     

Influence of aircraft surface distribution on electromagnetic scattering characteristics

In this paper, two typical stealth aircraft concepts (wing fuselage blended and flying-wing) were designed. Then three gradually changed surface distribution models with the same plan-form for each concept were created. Based on the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA), the vertical polarization transmitting/vertical polarization receiving (VV) and horizontal polariza-tion transmitting/horizontal polarization receiving (HH) radar cross section (RCS) characteristics were simulated with five frequencies between 0.1 and 1.0 GHz. The influences and mechanisms of aircraft surface distribution on electromagnetic scattering characteristics were investigated. The results show that for the wing fuselage blended concept, the VV RCS of this frequency range is higher than the HH RCS in most cases, while it is just the opposite for the flying-wing concept. As for the two aircraft concepts, the RCS levels of HH and VV both decrease with the frequency increasing, but the HH RCS has a faster downward trend. The surface distribution has little influ-ence on HH RCS characteristics. On the contrary, it has a significant impact on VV RCS charac-teristics, and the amplitude of the VV RCS increases with the surface thickness.     

靶场偏振成像技术应用

偏振成像技术不仅能获取目标的辐射强度信息,还能获取到偏振信息,有助于复杂环境下目标的探测识别.靶场现有光电设备主要采用强度探测,通过目标-环境差别来区分目标,因此,在复杂环境下,目标容易湮没在背景中难以探测.通过分析偏振成像原理和技术特点,总结归纳国外在偏振成像方面的试验应用,阐述了偏振成像在靶场应用的前景和优势,提出了一种基于偏振成像的光学成像系统,并对现有设备提出了偏振化改造方案.通过利用目标、环境的偏振特性,利用强度+偏振的组合模式,可提升现有设备的目标探测和成像识别能力.最后,对偏振技术应用和发展进行了展望.     

Collisional line broadening versus collisional depolarization: Similarities and differences

Within the impact approximation, collisional line broadening parameters and depolarizing and polarization transfer (population, orientation, alignment transfer) rates are complementary: both include the effect of collisional transitions between the Zeeman sublevels of a given level, or between fine or hyperfine structure levels of a given term. However, there are several differences: in line broadening, the two levels connected by the radiative transition contribute to the broadening, and there is also an interference term between these two levels, whereas only one level or two close levels are concerned in the depolarization. Another difference lies in the fact that purely elastic collisions contribute also to the line broadening, whereas they do not contribute to the depolarization. The nature of these two kinds of coefficients are recalled. Then the possibility to find some relationships or systematic trends concerning depolarization versus collisional broadening is considered. This is to answer some current questions which come from the polarization community.     

窄线宽单频单偏振环行腔掺铒光纤激光器

为了获得稳定的窄线宽单频单偏振掺铒光纤激光器输出,对采用饱和吸收体的环行腔结构掺铒光纤激光器进行了研究.实验中采用未抽运掺铒光纤作为饱和吸收体形成窄带滤波器,并选用高反射率的光纤光栅作为波长选择元件,同时采用具有高消光比的保偏环行器来获得单偏振激光.窄线宽单频单偏振环行腔掺铒光纤激光器的峰值波长可以通过拉伸光纤光栅进行调谐,调谐的范围为1548~1552nm.当抽运功率为275mW时获得的输出最大功率55.4mW.通过采用光纤延迟自外差法的线宽测试技术测量出该环行腔掺铒光纤激光器的20dB线宽为3kHz,光纤激光器的输出光偏振态长时间稳定在偏振度99.9%.这种窄线宽单频单偏振掺铒光纤激光器可以作为相干激光雷达的稳定信号源.      

自适应三维极化滤波

三维极化滤波能够更好地利用空域信息,在极化域-空域联合滤波,因此能够抑制二维正交极化滤波不能滤除的干扰,达到更好的滤波效果.实际应用中,信号通常是未知的或者变化的,要达到好的滤波效果,必须实时更新滤波参数.针对未知的或缓变的信号环境,提出了一种自适应三维极化滤波算法,利用历史杂波数据来估计杂波的极化信息,据此对天线进行调整,以对接收信号滤波.最后通过Matlab仿真验证了该算法的有效性.     

改变微带天线基板形状实现圆极化

实现微带贴片天线圆极化的方法中,传统方法主要是设计适当的金属贴片形状和选择适当的馈电方式,而一种新思路即设计适当的介质基板形状,在某些使用环境中可以提供较大的方便。通过计算发现新思路有其可行性和工程价值,在某些方面有其独特的优势。