某型压差活门的动态特性分析

压差活门是航空发动机数控系统燃油计量装置中重要的液压部件,其稳定性和动态性能直接影响控制系统的整体性能。根据压差活门非线性微分方程,采用小偏差线性化方法,推导出了压差活门的动态数学模型,得到了压差活门的方框图以及传递函数。选取某压差活门参数建立了Simulink仿真模型,分别在频域和时域分析了其动态性能。结果表明:在频域上,比较了有无节流器时的回路增益函数伯德图,认为敏感油路上的节流器可以改善稳定性且提高控制精度,通过设计节流器的尺寸可以调节穿越频域,从而改善系统的动态性能;在时域上,分析了不同节流器尺寸下阶跃响应的动态性能,其试验结果与实际工程经验一致。     

反馈线性化飞行控制的应用问题研究

分析了反馈线性化飞行控制的奇异摄动降阶条件,讨论了外环解耦矩阵的奇异域和跟踪误差,建立了操纵面冗余时分配偏转指令的原则。用过失速转弯等机动进行了数值仿真验证。     

A novel integrated self-powered brake system for more electric aircraft

Traditional hydraulic brake systems require a complex system of pipelines between an aircraft engine driven pump (EDP) and brake actuators, which increases the weight of the aircraft and may even cause serious vibration and leakage problems. In order to improve the reliability and safety of more electric aircraft (MEA), this paper proposes a new integrated self-powered brake system (ISBS) for MEA. It uses a hydraulic pump geared to the main wheel to recover a small part of the kinetic energy of a landing aircraft. The recovered energy then serves as the hydraulic power supply for brake actuators. It does not require additional hydraulic source, thus removing the pipelines between an EDP and brake actuators. In addition, its self-powered characteristic makes it possible to brake as usual even in an emergency situation when the airborne power is lost. This paper introduces the working principle of the ISBS and presents a prototype. The mathematical models of a taxiing aircraft and the ISBS are established. A feedback linearization control algorithm is designed to fulfill the anti-skid control. Simulations are carried out to verify the feasibility of the ISBS, and experiments are conducted on a ground inertia brake test bench. The ISBS presents a good performance and provides a new potential solution in the field of brake systems for MEA.     

基于动态逆的空空导弹奇异摄动中制导律

结合奇异摄动和动态逆方法,以飞行时间和末端能量的线性组合为性能指标,推导了一种近最优中制导律.导弹状态方程根据状态变量时间常数写成三时间尺度系统.降阶系统包括纵程、横程和比能动力学方程.用最优控制理论求解出降阶系统最优解,即原系统的外解.动态逆应用于边界层修正,得到一个闭环控制器,其性能可根据爬升、高空等高飞行和下滑阶段或其他情况的不同要求进行调整.仿真结果表明:该制导律满足了对弹道平滑度、飞行时间和末端能量的要求.中段末端航向误差小,为中、末制导的平稳交接班提供了保障.      

基于递推更新卡尔曼滤波的磁偶极子目标跟踪

针对磁性目标跟踪问题,以磁偶极子等效场源模型为基础,建立磁性目标跟踪的离散状态空间模型,将磁偶极子目标实时跟踪问题转化为状态空间模型的滤波估值问题。针对磁性目标初始条件难以获得且现有卡尔曼类滤波算法在大初始误差条件下容易出现发散的问题,提出一种递推观测更新的卡尔曼滤波算法,将现有的一步观测更新描述为递推更新过程,等效降低大初始误差带来的大非线性误差。仿真与实测数据测试结果表明,本文算法具有良好的精度和收敛性,能够有效抑制磁偶极子跟踪中由于大初始误差导致的滤波发散,适于实际应用。     

随机激励下非线性振动系统特性的定性分析

求解李雅普诺夫方程,可直接获得平稳随机振动响应协方差矩阵。用等效线性化方法处理非线性系统,通过多次迭代求解李雅普诺夫方程可得到稳定的等效线性系统参数,从而获得一种多自由度非线性系统特性定性分析方法,为实际的非线性动力学系统建模提供了理论依据。对几个实例进行了仿真分析,结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于间接伴随法的大气层内高超声速飞行器最优上升轨迹研究

利用修正的无量纲因子,建立了适用于大气层内高速飞行器数值优化的数学模型。创新地采用欧氏空间中超立方体顶点坐标作为协状态初始值的方法解决了伴随方法的初始值估计难题,实现了间接伴随法在最优轨迹优化中的应用。完成并给出了该方法在真空状态和有空气动力存在的情况下轨迹优化结果,并在控制约束存在的前提下,对上升段轨线进行重规划,仿真结果表明,该方法快速、有效,且具有在线制导的应用潜力。     

KdV方程的数值解及数值模拟

文章在已构造的一种分片光滑的Lagrange型插值多项式空间中利用Galerkin法对非线性KdV方程进行求解。分析了数值格式的线性稳定性并进行了数值模拟,结果表明格式精确有效。     

Variable Structure Control of Catastrophic Course in Airdropping Heavy Cargo

The mathematical model of a transport aircraft would be subjected to a sudden change when heavy cargo is dropped off in airdropping, which exerts serious influences upon the safety of the aircraft. A variable structure controller is specially designed for handling the airdrop process. The nonlinear system is linearized by input-output feedback linearization using differential geometry theories. On this basis, an inner loop system for velocity and attitude tracking control is designed by using the exponentially approaching rule of the variable structure theory. The whole flight control system is integrated with the outer loop flight altitude control. Digital simulation evidences the applicability of the system to potentially catastrophic course in airdropping heavy cargo and provides robustness against system parameter perturbation.     

气体减压阀的稳定性分析

针对逆向卸荷式气体减压阀,采用线性化分析方法,对其工作稳定性进行分析．得到了主要参数对减压阀稳定性的影响规律。研究结果表明阻尼和低压腔体积是影响减压阀稳定性的主要因素,并给出了提高减压阀稳定性设计的主要措施。