波音737NG飞机自动油门电门组件故障研究

总结了波音737NG飞机自动油门电门组件的故障现象，在数据分析的基础上，确认了电门组件失效的原因，探讨了航线排故方法，并给出测量微动电门电阻的施工参考标准。     

Physical Body Impact After High Altitude Bail-out

In most of the emergency circumstances,the aircrew leaves the aircraft under unsatisfied conditions,such as too high relative velocity to the ambient air or low partial oxygen pressure.The aircrew must pass through this area as quickly as possible before opening the parachute safely,viz.,free-fall.Numerical simulations are conducted in this paper to explore the major characteris-tics of the aircrew free-fall process by using a commercial computational fluid dynamic(CFD) software,FLUENT.Coupled with the classical pressure-altitude and temperature-altitude relations,Navier-Stokes(N-S) equations for compressible flow are solved by using finite volume method.The body velocity and the attitude are predicted with six-degree of freedom(6DOF) module.The evolution of velocities,including horizontal,vertical components and angular velocity,is obtained.It is also analyzed further according to the particle kinetic theories.It is validated that the theories can predict the process qualitatively well with a modi-fied drag effect,which mainly stems from the velocity pressure.An empirical modification factor is proposed according to the fitting results.     

基于小波熵的救生伞高速空投最大开伞动载不确定性

针对高速空投试验最大开伞动载测量值离散性大的问题，采用小波熵对试验数据和仿真数据进行对比分析。假人姿态差异大是导致试验测量值重复性差的直接原因，而从空投开始到拉直开伞时刻假人姿态的不确定性是问题的主要来源。试验数据和仿真结果得到的小波熵随空投速度和空投系统质量的变化趋势相同，并且与空投系统的物理本质相符；在考察救生伞开伞动载的试验研究中，仅考虑最大开伞动载的测量值，而忽略系统不确定性是不合理的，因此建议对拉直之前的假人姿态加以控制。     

Flight strategy optimization for high-altitude long-endurance solar-powered aircraft based on Gauss pseudo-spectral method

Solar-powered aircraft have attracted great attention owing to their potential for longendurance flight and wide application prospects.Due to the particularity of energy system, flight strategy optimization is a significant way to enhance the flight performance for solar-powered aircraft.In this study, a flight strategy optimization model for high-altitude long-endurance solar-powered aircraft was proposed.This model consists of three-dimensional kinematic model,aerodynamic model, energy collection model, energy store model and energy loss model.To solve the nonlinear optimal control problem with process constraints and terminal constraints, Gauss pseudo-spectral method was employed to discretize the state equations and constraint equations.Then a typical mission flying from given initial point to given final point within a time interval was considered.Results indicate that proper changes of the attitude angle contribute to increasing the energy gained by photovoltaic cells.Utilization of gravitational potential energy can partly take the role of battery pack.Integrating these two measures, the optimized flight strategy can improve the final state of charge compared with current constant-altitude constant-velocity strategy.The optimized strategy brings more profits on condition of lower sunlight intensity and shorter daytime.     

DS—1型动力升降伞的研制

本文介绍的动力长降伞的研制是在充分的气动、飞行、强度试验基础上，进行精心的总体设计和另构件及系统设计。以满足和达到人机飞行器的设计性能指标。     

B737NG飞机反推系统故障分析

根据波音的相关技术文件,B737NG反推系统的部件有些本身带有设计缺陷或可靠性较低,导致反推系统故障较多。对反推系统的工作原理、常见故障及处理方法进行总结,使排故人员和故障管控工程师对该系统有深入的了解,方便大家开阔思路,减少排故的时间,提高排故效率。     

圆形降落伞顶孔的孔口圈新技术

文章介绍了美国近年来研究的降落伞中的一项新技术—圆形降落伞顶孔的孔口圈技术。该项技术去掉顶孔绳 ,代之以高强编织带孔口圈。在X— 38计划的减速伞和超音速引导伞、在SDW减速稳定伞和主伞以及PLER伞上应用 ,均获得成功。     

可控翼伞伺服机构(单电机)的微机控制

可控翼伞后缘有二组操纵绳,控制它可以改变翼伞飞行方向,实现定点回收。国内、外通常使用二个电机分别进行操纵控制。为了提高系统的性能指标,减少部件,探讨了单电机进行双边操纵的方案,设计了由微机、功率输出接口、电机参量输入传感器、操纵量和限位置数装置等组成的伺服控制系统。该系统通过大量的试验以及翼载空投试验,证明了它具有可靠性高、功能全、抗干扰性强等优点。为回收应用微机技术做了初步的尝试。文中主要介绍微机操纵控制系统的硬件、软件设计。     

火星探测器降落伞系统综述

文章介绍了美国火星探测器降落伞系统组成和验证试验情况；分析了5种不同探测器降落伞系统的具体差异；归纳了探测器降落伞系统的结构和性能参数；重点介绍了“凤凰号”和“火星科学实验室”降落伞系统研制过程和性能验证试验。     

The Mercury Dual Imaging System on the MESSENGER Spacecraft

The Mercury Dual Imaging System (MDIS) on the MESSENGER spacecraft will provide critical measurements tracing Mercury’s origin and evolution. MDIS consists of a monochrome narrow-angle camera (NAC) and a multispectral wide-angle camera (WAC). The NAC is a 1.5° field-of-view (FOV) off-axis reflector, coaligned with the WAC, a four-element refractor with a 10.5° FOV and 12-color filter wheel. The focal plane electronics of each camera are identical and use a 1,024×1,024 Atmel (Thomson) TH7888A charge-coupled device detector. Only one camera operates at a time, allowing them to share a common set of control electronics. The NAC and the WAC are mounted on a pivoting platform that provides a 90° field-of-regard, extending 40° sunward and 50° anti-sunward from the spacecraft +Z-axis—the boresight direction of most of MESSENGER’s instruments. Onboard data compression provides capabilities for pixel binning, remapping of 12-bit data into 8 bits, and lossless or lossy compression. MDIS will acquire four main data sets at Mercury during three flybys and the two-Mercury-solar-day nominal mission: a monochrome global image mosaic at near-zero emission angles and moderate incidence angles, a stereo-complement map at off-nadir geometry and near-identical lighting, multicolor images at low incidence angles, and targeted high-resolution images of key surface features. These data will be used to construct a global image base map, a digital terrain model, global maps of color properties, and mosaics of high-resolution image strips. Analysis of these data will provide information on Mercury’s impact history, tectonic processes, the composition and emplacement history of volcanic materials, and the thickness distribution and compositional variations of crustal materials. This paper summarizes MDIS’s science objectives and technical design, including the common payload design of the MDIS data processing units, as well as detailed results from ground and early flight calibrations and plans for Mercury image products to be generated from MDIS data.