基于虚拟仪器的压力开关测试系统设计

设计了压力开关参数测试系统,能同时实现5个产品的触点接触电阻、绝缘电阻测试,动作压力和恢复压力测试。系统采用虚拟仪器技术,构建了以工控计算机及其板卡为硬件平台,以LabVIEW为软件平台的虚拟仪器测试系统。采用四端钮接法,实现了微电阻的测量,利用继电器逻辑实现了5个产品多参量的自动测试,并能根据测试结果自动判别产品是否合格。结果表明,该系统运行可靠,测试准确度高,测试效率高。     

DZ22／NiCrAlY涂层抗氧化性能研究

为了提高ＤＺ２２ 合金的高温抗氧化性能,利用磁控溅射技术沉积了ＮｉＣｒＡｌＹ 涂层。周期氧化试验表明,涂覆ＮｉＣｒＡｌＹ 涂层后ＤＺ２２／ ＮｉＣｒＡｌＹ系统周期氧化总寿命高于２０００ｈ, 较未施加涂层的ＤＺ２２ 提高１０ 倍以上。涂层中微量元素Ｙ 和ＲＥ的适当增加,可进一步改善涂层的抗高温氧化性能     

直流电阻测试仪电阻示值误差测量结果的不确定度评定

介绍了一种利用直流标准电阻检定电阻测试仪电阻示值误差测量结果的不确定度评定方法。     

微阵列射流冲击肋化表面传热特性

以去离子水为工质,对微阵列射流冲击光滑和肋化表面的传热特性进行了实验研究,并以光滑表面传热性能为基准,讨论了肋化表面强化因子(ε)变化规律.实验结果表明:①浸没和自由射流的传热系数均受无量纲射流距离(H/d)影响;提高射流Re数和减小无量纲孔间距(S/d)都能够增强换热.②浸没射流ε受H/d影响大,而自由射流ε基本不受H/d影响;两种射流方式的ε都随Re数增大,且渐趋于一个常数.③对流热阻在各种射流情况下均随流量不断下降,但下降趋势逐渐平缓,当流量大到一定时,热阻基本不再降低.      

Effects of Contact Resistance on Heat Transfer Behaviors of Fibrous Insulation

In this article, a numerical model combining conduction and radiation is developed based on two flux approximation to predict the heat transfer behavior of fibrous insulation used in thermal protection systems. Monte Carlo method is utilized to determine the modified radiative properties with experimentally measured transient external temperature as high as 1 000 K. It is found that the estimated radiative properties become time-independent after about t = 3 000 s. By comparing the predicted to the measured results in transient state, the contact resistance exerts significant influences upon the temperature distribution in the specimen. Results show that the averaged absolute deviation is 3.25% when contact resistance is neglected in heat transfer model, while 1.82% with no contact resistance.     

温度传感器调理电路的桥路分析与灵敏度研究

在载人航天器的研制过程中,高精度温度测量电路的研究对于航天产品正常工作具有重要意义。温度传感器所反映的温度水平的准确程度对航天系统的温度控制起着至关重要的作用,通常采用高灵敏度、高可靠的热敏电阻作温度传感器对航天器舱内环境温度和航天员体温进行监测。文章从理论出发对温度传感器调理电路的惠斯登电桥和热敏电阻的灵敏度进行分析,探讨了电桥的桥臂电阻和热敏电阻参数对测量灵敏度的影响,得出了满足载人航天要求的高精度温度测量方法。     

Flow characteristics in a rotor-stator cavity with cooling air inlet at low radius

Experiments were conducted on a typical rotor-stator system where air entered through an annular slot at low radius and flowed out of the cavity axially through a rim seal between the rotor and the stator. For the seal in this rotor-stator system, the stationary shroud overlapped the rotating one. Pressure distributions at the stator surface and flow resistance coefficients of the rotor-stator cavity with a maximum gap of 67mm were measured under different dimensionless mass flow rates from 1.32×104 to 4.87×104 with a large range of rotational Reynolds numbers from 0.418×106 to 2.484×106. The results show that pressure on the stator surface decreases with the increase of rotational Reynolds number when the dimensionless mass flow rate is below 1.3×104; when the dimensionless mass flow rate is above 3.034×104, the trend reverses. This is the so-called "pressure inversion effect". However, dimensionless pressure does not show the same changes when rotational dynamic pressure is chosen as the denominator. The resistance coefficient of the rotor-stator cavity is determined by the dimensionless mass flow rate and rotational Reynolds number; for practical application, the resistance coefficient can also be estimated by the turbulent flow parameter in the range of turbulent parameter from 0.1 to 1.6.      

非等直径柱肋阵列的冷却特性

为优化柱肋阵列冷却效果,通过缩小柱肋阵列中局部柱肋直径得到3种非等直径柱肋阵列通道。采用瞬态液晶测试技术和数值模拟方法研究了其传热和流阻特性。结果表明:保持奇数排柱肋直径的大小,仅减小偶数排的直径,能在传热减弱不多的情况下,使通道的流动阻力大幅降低。适当调整奇/偶数排柱肋的直径,雷诺数为10 000~50 000,奇偶数排柱肋直径比为1.4的非等直径柱肋阵列通道,其平均传热系数仅减小了约6%,而阻力系数则减小了约21%。      

Si对TiAl合金高温抗氧化性能的影响

利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、能谱仪等手段研究了TiAl-Si(原子数分数为0~20%)合金在1 173 K大气中24 h的恒温氧化.结果表明:Si元素可以有效地提高TiAl合金的高温抗氧化性能;随着Si含量的增加,氧化膜厚度依次减薄,TiO₂的含量逐渐减少,Al₂O3的含量逐渐增加,添加到10%左右时就有连续致密的Al₂O₃保护膜形成;Si在0~20%的添加过程中并没发现Si的氧化物生成.分析表明:Si对抗氧化性能的贡献可归结于Si与Ti有很好的亲和力,可以有效地降低Ti离子的活度、阻碍Ti离子的向外扩散, 相对来说增强了Al离子的活度,促进连续致密的Al₂O₃保护膜生成.      

多孔层板冷却有效性的研究

在大尺寸低速回流风洞中对应用于涡轮叶片的2种绕流结构4块单双层多孔层板进行了流阻特性和冷却有效性的实验研究,结果表明多孔层板有很高的冷却有效性,流阻的大小和冷却有效性的高低主要取决于多孔层板的开孔率,开孔率越大,流阻越小,冷却有效性越高。本文所设计的层板结构参数和试验结果对层板在航空发动机涡轮叶片中的应用有参考价值。