脉冲发动机中隔层传热炭化模型

为分析脉冲发动机中隔层的绝热效果及温度变化情况,推导了隔层两种炭化模型的计算公式,对比实际发动机试车结果,模型一误差为20%,模型二误差为6.7%,炭化模型二具有较好的精度;数值模拟了隔层的热传导过程,将是否考虑炭化影响的隔层传热深度及温度分布与理论计算结果进行对比,未考虑炭化影响计算结果的误差在14.3%以上,考虑炭化影响计算结果的误差均小于10%。研究结果表明,预估隔层炭化深度时,应该运用炭化模型二;计算隔层的温度场分布时,必须考虑炭化影响。     

风洞试验模型舵机系统研制

提高试验效率一直是风洞试验的目标之一。介绍了中国空气动力研究与发展中心新研制的风洞试验模型舵机系统。地面调试与试验验证结果表明,新系统控制精度在满足国标要求的前提下,可大幅提高试验效率,降低能耗,具有很高的推广价值。     

Attitude Control Considering Variable Input Saturation Limit for a Spacecraft Equipped with Flywheels

A new attitude controller is proposed for spacecraft whose actuator has variable input saturation limit. There are three identical flywheels orthogonally mounted on board. Each rotor is driven by a brushless DC motor (BLDCM). Models of spacecraft attitude dynamics and flywheel rotor driving motor electromechanics are discussed in detail. The controller design is similar to saturation limit linear assignment. An auxiliary parameter and a boundary coefficient are imported into the controller to guarantee system stability and improve control performance. A time-varying and state-dependent flywheel output torque saturation limit model is established. Stability of the closed-loop control system and asymptotic convergence of system states are proved via Lyapunov methods and LaSalle invariance principle. Boundedness of the auxiliary parameter ensures that the control objective can be achieved, while the boundary parameter’s value makes a balance between system control performance and flywheel utilization efficiency. Compared with existing controllers, the newly developed controller with variable torque saturation limit can bring smoother control and faster system response. Numerical simulations validate the effectiveness of the controller.     

力臂自动调节装置智能综合测试系统的设计

为了解决力臂自动调节装置型号多、测试方法繁杂、测试精度低的问题,研制了以工控机为核心的自动测试系统,从硬件设计、软件设计入手,分析了测试过程中的工作环境模拟仿真与自动加载、系统控制信号和数据的共享、大气参数的测量、力臂值随机快速精确测量及抗干扰设计等问题,对改善力臂自动调节装置的维护手段、提高测试设备的自动化程度、使检测设备向综合化和智能化方向发展,具有重要的推动作用。     

基于光纤传感器的SRM界面黏接应力监测

界面黏接应力是SRM(固体火箭发动机)药柱结构完整性重要方面,也是健康监测的重要参数。为实现对黏接应力实时在线监测,设计了一种聚合物封装的FBG(光纤布拉格光栅)传感器,将其埋入HTPB(hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene)推进剂/衬层界面黏接试件中。通过对试件在受到拉应力作用下FBG传感器反射光谱的模拟和应力响应测试试验研究了FBG传感器对应力响应规律。结果表明:FBG传感器中心波长随着试件的拉应力增大而减小,线性度较好,且传感器具有较高的灵敏度和稳定性。试件黏接性能测试试验中,FBG传感器性能保持完好,黏接试件强度满足技术指标,验证了传感器封装和埋入方式的可行性。      

Digital fixed-frequency hysteresis current control of a BLDC motor applied for aerospace electrically powered actuators

In the conventional cascade control structure of aerospace electrically powered actuators, the current (or electromagnetic torque) loop plays a critical role in realizing a rapid response for a digitally controlled BrushLess Direct Current (BLDC) motor. Hysteresis Current Control (HCC) is an effective method in improving the performance of current control for a BLDC motor. Nevertheless, the varying modulating frequency in the traditional HCC causes severe problems on the safety of power devices and the electromagnetic compatibility design. A triangular carrier-based fixed-frequency HCC strategy is expanded by relaxing the constraints on the rising and descending rates of the winding current to advance the capability of HCC to realize fixed-frequency modulation in the steady state. Based on that, a new flexible-bound-size quasi-fixed-frequency HCC is proposed, and the range feasible to realize fixed-frequency modulation control can cover the entire running process in the steady state. Meanwhile, a corresponding digital control strategy is designed, and four digitalization rules are proposed to extend the capacity to achieve fixed-frequency modulation control to the unsteady working state, that is, a novel fixed-frequency modulation is realized. Simulation and experimental results prove the effectiveness of this improved fixed-frequency HCC strategy.     

抗扰动复合非线性伺服控制器的设计与应用

针对典型的电机伺服系统,提出了一种鲁棒复合非线性伺服控制器的离散域设计方案。把系统的扰动和不确定性归结为一个斜坡信号(其变化率恒定),设计一个降维线性扩展状态观测器,对系统未测量状态和未知扰动加以估计。把设计的控制律应用于永磁同步伺服电机,先在MATLAB上进行仿真分析,随后基于TMS320F28335DSC进行试验测试。结果表明系统在各种类型扰动作用下,对目标位置都能实现快速、平稳和准确的跟踪,具有较好的鲁棒性。     

永磁同步电机驱动系统的反步与无源协调控制

针对永磁同步电机(PMSM)驱动系统中,只利用信号控制器或能量控制器难以兼顾良好的动态特性与较低的能量损耗,提出了基于信号与能量的协调控制策略。首先,利用反步法设计信号控制器,以加快系统的动态响应。然后,从能量的角度出发,利用无源控制中的Euler-Lagrange(EL)模型设计能量控制器,以降低系统稳态运行时的能量损耗。进一步设计协调函数,将信号控制器与能量控制器进行协调,从而构成协调控制器。另外,当负载转矩未知时,设计了负载转矩观测器用来估计负载转矩。在MATLAB/Simulink平台上对所设计的协调控制系统进行了仿真,仿真结果表明,所提出的协调控制策略能够充分结合信号控制器和能量控制器的优点,获得良好的动态和稳态性能,减小PMSM损耗。     

基于磁链辨识的无轴承薄片电机轴向振动抑制策略

为了进一步提高BPMSM的悬浮性能,提出了一种基于磁链辨识的BPMSM轴向振动抑制策略,通过转子磁链的变化来估测转子轴向偏移量,然后将轴向偏移量转化为d轴电流分量参考值i*d,通过对i*d的调节来改善薄片转子的轴向恢复力,实现对轴向振动的有效抑制,从而有效改善电机的悬浮性能。试验结果表明:所提出的轴向振动抑制策略能够对薄片转子轴向振动进行有效抑制,提高系统的抗干扰能力,系统的运行性能得到了有效改善。     

基于SVPWM过调制的超前角弱磁控制永磁同步电机的策略研究

研究了电动车用内置式永磁同步电机的控制策略,提出了超前角弱磁控制与空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)过调制结合的控制系统。超前角弱磁控制使用转速、电流和电压的3个闭环控制,电机端电压与直流侧电压组成电压控制环,产生电机弱磁的电流超前角直接给定交直轴电流。SVPWM过调制算法可以有效提高逆变器输出电压基波幅值,电机使用弱磁控制方式达到最大转速后使逆变器进入过调制状态,最大限度扩大转速范围。对该控制系统进行了仿真研究,仿真结果证明了理论分析的正确性和可行性。