结合遗传算法和优化Q-law算法的小推力轨道转移

提出了一种将遗传算法和优化的Q-law算法相结合的新轨道转移算法.为了合理利用能源,文中引入相对推进效率作为是否施加推力的门限.遗传算法用于搜索最短时间的优化轨道转移路径,将轨迹优化问题转化成有约束的参数优化问题,从而避免了两点边值求解难题.在轨道转移末端,为了提高目标转移精度并避免高频振荡,文中采用了结合模糊逻辑的优化Q-law算法.针对某一卫星轨道转移进行了数字仿真.结果表明,本文算法能够在实现最优时间轨道转移的同时,兼顾能源的消耗,并提高轨道转移精度.     

地面反射和衰减效应对声源频谱的影响

噪声源辐射的声波在传播过程中,由于地面的存在会引起声波的反射和衰减,并产生地表面波使得声源频谱特性发生显著的变化。为利用观察点处实测声频谱来预估实际声源自由场频谱特性,必须适当地计及地面反射和衰减效应的影响。本文采用Chien—Soroka地面反射衰减效应理论模型以及Delany—Bazley地面导纳函数,在局部反应地面假设基础上,给出了存在地面反射和衰减时实测声源频谱与实际声源自由场频谱之间的换算公式,并编制了相应的计算程序。文中给出的算例与文献[3][7]中给出的测量结果进行了比较,两者基本吻合。最后还对地面流阻和接收点高度对地面反射和衰减效应的影响进行了数值计算,结果表明,随地面流阻增加和接收点高度的降低都会使得第一个声波干涉低谷向高频移动。因此,实际测量小,若地面流阻未知,可采用紧贴地面设置传声器的方法测量声源频谱,此时地面影响的修正量,在第一声波干涉低谷以下,均为6dB。     

固体运载火箭发射轨道一种快速生成方法

通过采用牛顿迭代法快速优化发射方位角,克服了发射方位角初值偏差过大的缺陷,极大缩短了优化时间。通过采用基于特征参数网格化的程序角优化设计技术,建立了程序角设计参数数据库,在机动发射的情况下能够快速进行参数插值,避免了大量优化计算过程,有力地支持了机动发射情况下发射轨道的快速生成。最后通过仿真证明设计算法的有效性和正确性。     

近地热环境参数对航天器温度影响浅析

介绍了目前国际上普遍采用的近地轨道热环境参数与传统参数之间的差异。对不同轨道的两个航天器,分别按两种参数取值进行了温度计算。结果表明,与国际上目前采用数值相比,采用传统的热环境参数值会使得计算的高温工况外热流偏低,而使低温工况时外热流偏高,从而对航天器内部温度会造成1℃～2℃的偏差。     

空间武器平台潜伏轨道分布模型研究

从敌方空间目标出发,提出了空间武器平台潜伏轨道的概念,分析了空间武器平台潜伏轨道的分类以及影响潜伏轨道选择的因素;进而提出选择空间武器平台潜伏轨道的原则;建立了多目标、多轨道情况下,潜伏轨道的分布模型;给出了目标威胁度及平时利用率约束下的优化模型,并通过算例对模型的可靠性进行了验证。     

地-月低能耗转移轨道中途修正问题研究

采用地-月低能耗转移轨道的探测器从地球停泊轨道转移到极月轨道一般需要3~4个月时间,这类转移轨道对入轨精度有较高的要求。本文对地月转移轨道中途修正问题进行了研究。文中结合地-月低能耗转移轨道的特点,给出一种分段式多目标多次中途修正方案。利用显式制导结合牛顿迭代,分别以地球和月球作为中心天体求解兰伯特问题,在假设探测器各种轨道误差的基础上进行了蒙特卡罗仿真。采用该方法一般需要3~5次中途修正能够满足月球探测器环月轨道入轨精度要求,整个转移过程燃料消耗小于传统地月转移轨道。文中给出的仿真结果验证了该方案的可行性。     

地心惯性坐标系到质心轨道坐标系的坐标转换方法

卫星编队飞行通常需要高精度的星间基线测量信息,而坐标转换是影响基线确定精度的一个重要环节。以分布式InSAR为例,着重研究了从地心惯性坐标系到卫星质心轨道坐标系的转换方法,详细地推导了具体的转换公式。仿真实验表明:在相同的测量条件下,直接方法的转换精度优于间接方法。并且就目前的测量条件而言,卫星的绝对速度测量是影响直接方法转换精度的主要因素。     

动量轮在轨状态可靠性贝叶斯网络建模与评估

卫星动量轮在轨运行环境复杂,并且无失效数据,难以利用传统方法进行可靠性建模与评估。为此,提出一种利用贝叶斯网络融合动量轮各种试验信息及轴温和电流等遥测数据的可靠性建模与评估方法。基于失效分析建立贝叶斯网络拓扑结构,根据试验数据估计网络参数,而后,通过贝叶斯网络的推理得到动量轮可靠度的点估计和区间估计,并利用在轨遥测数据实时评估动量轮可靠性,获得动量轮可靠性变化趋势比较明显的遥测数据取值区间。该方法对动量轮实时状态监控具有一定的理论和实践意义。     

Study on pressure wave propagation in two-phase flow in liquid oxygen feed pipe between pumps

A study on the character of pressure wave propagation was proposed for the gas liquid oxygen two-phase flow in the pipe between pumps.According to the practical working conditions,the homogenous model based on the compressibility theory regarding a single bubble in an infinite liquid,and Redlich-Kwong gas equation was derived a model for the low temperature and high pressure case,especially considering the change of the ratio of density of gas to one of liquid.The numerical tests were conducted.The results not only show the agreement between numerical simulation for this model and experiment at the normal temperature and pressure is good,but also show that the modifications of the model for the low temperature and high pressure condition are necessary.The study is of reference to further study of oscillation restrain and relative pipe tests.      

Performance of GPS-based accelerometry: A simulation experiment

Recent studies have shown that with the availability of high-quality CHAMP and GRACE gravity field models, it is feasible to determine accurate non-gravitational accelerations for low Earth orbiting satellites indirectly from precise GPS satellite-to-satellite observations. Possible applications of this so-called GPS-based accelerometry approach consist of accelerometer calibration and atmospheric density and wind computations. With the growing number of high-quality space-borne GPS receivers, this method could be applied to a large range of satellites. In this paper an extensive simulation study has been carried out, based on real accelerometer data from the GRACE mission, in order to determine the optimal processing strategy and the resulting accuracy of the estimated non-gravitational accelerations. It is shown that the optimal processing strategy consists of a piecewise linear parameterization of the estimated empirical accelerations, together with short 6-h orbit arcs. The GPS-based accelerometry approach makes use of triple-differenced GPS observations and the impact of considering the correlated observation noise was found to be marginal in the presence of other error sources such as GPS ephemeris errors. Using a priori non-gravitational force models improves the recovery of low temporal resolution accelerations, except during huge geomagnetic storms. With this strategy, non-gravitational accelerations can be recovered during high solar activity with an accuracy of better than 10% of the total signal in along-track direction and around 25–40% in cross-track direction, at time resolutions of around 8–20 min. During solar minimum conditions, the relative recovery error will increase to approximately 50% in along-track direction and around 60–70% in cross-track direction, due to the reduced atmospheric drag signal. Unfortunately, GPS-based accelerometry is hardly sensitive in the radial direction.