Statistical description of low-latitude plasma blobs as observed by DMSP F15 and KOMPSAT-1

The global distribution of low-latitude plasma blobs was investigated by in-situ plasma density measurements from the Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite-1 (KOMPSAT-1) and Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F15. In the observations, blobs occurred in the longitude sector where the activity of the equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) was appreciable, and additional blobs were found at the lower (KOMPSAT-1) altitude as in the EPBs. However, several notable differences exist between the distributions of EPBs and blobs. First, KOMPSAT-1 found few blobs around 0°E in March and June, as did DMSP F15 from 30°W to 120°E for every season. Second, the overall occurrences in December and March at the DMSP F15 (840 km) altitude were somewhat lower than expected from those of the EBPs. Third, at the DMSP F15 altitude, the occurrence probability of plasma blobs was less controlled by yearly variations in the solar activity. These results imply that topside ionospheric conditions as well as the existence of EPBs control further development of blobs. Additionally, it was found that the blob latitudes became higher as the yearly solar activity increased. Moreover, most of the blobs were encountered in the winter hemisphere, possibly due to the low ambient density.     

Earth observation and UK science policy

This paper examines the way in which Earth observation is linked to UK science policy through the 1993 UK science White Paper and subsequent policy statements, and how the central theme of partnership has been developed in practice. An example of crop yield prediction is given to illustrate the strengths and the weaknesses of the approach. The UK science and space strategies are set in the context of the European Strategy for Space and links are made to the US global change research strategy.     

脑外科机器人视觉伺服研究

定位精度是脑外科机器人系统一个最重要的指标.提出了利用视觉伺服提高脑外科机器人系统定位精度的方法.根据机器人辅助脑外科手术的特点,选择基于位置的末端点闭环的视觉伺服方式,提出了一种利用机器人运动信息对机器人的特征点进行视觉跟踪定位的稳定可靠的方法.针对病人体内病灶点在摄像机图像中不可见的问题,推导了脑外科机器人系统的视觉伺服控制律.采用视觉伺服的方法后,系统定位精度有了很大提高,系统定位误差主要由靶点映射误差引起,受机器人绝对定位误差的影响不大.手术过程模拟和定位精度测试验证了该方法的有效性.      

风云二号卫星应答机设计

概括地介绍了“风云二号”气象卫星应答机的功能、技术指标及研制过程中解决的主要技术问题 ,如 :指令接收机的高灵敏度问题 ;遥控静噪问题 ;宽的跟踪调制带宽问题。这些思路和方法为今后相关工程技术研究起到了借鉴作用     

基于DDS任意波形发生器的研究

基于DDS原理设计了一种任意波形发生器,并通过软件编程实现对其频率字和参考频率的改变,以提高波形发生器输出信号频率的准确性。     

海洋监视卫星无源被动定位精度分析

分析了利用三星编队卫星对海上目标进行无源侦察、监视的原理,建立了利用时差定位法进行定位的精度模型,在此基础上推导了卫星对目标的定位精度与卫星编队构型、轨道高度、与目标的相对位置及卫星定轨精度和测量误差的关系。对模型进行了仿真计算和分析,仿真结果表明:合理增加卫星间的基线长度,保持卫星编队构型及其与目标间相对位置的均匀性可以有效提高卫星对目标的定位精度。     

时频系统数字锁相技术研究

为了利用外部1PPS信号或10MHz频率信号驯服铷钟或晶振，本文推导建立了数字二阶/三阶锁相环频标模块的仿真模型，对模型中的锁相环、鉴相器量化、DA位数、定点运算、环路更新频率对相位噪声性能的影响等关键问题进行了分析，给出了参数设置依据及仿真结果，完成了频标模块的硬件设计，验证了模型的正确性。     

A multiple-CubeSat constellation for integrated earth observation and marine/air traffic monitoring

CubeSats has evolved from purely educational tools, to useful platforms for technology demonstration and many practical applications. This paper reviews a CubeSat constellation mission involving 3 CubeSats launched into orbit on Sep. 25th 2015, aiming to demonstrate the integrated application of low-cost CubeSat technologies with distributed payloads using a group of satellites, as well as to demonstrate several new technologies. The mission scenario, the satellite system design, the innovative technologies and instruments or devices used on the CubeSats and the in-orbit experimental results and the payload data analysis, as well as some experiences and lessons learned, are presented and summaried.     

Study of seasonal and long-term vertical deformation in Nepal based on GPS and GRACE observations

Lithospheric deformation signal can be detected by combining data from continuous global positioning system (CGPS) and satellite observations from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). In this paper, we use 2.5- to 19-year-long time series from 35 CGPS stations to estimate vertical deformation rates in Nepal, which is located in the southern side of the Himalaya. GPS results were compared with GRACE observations. Principal component analysis was conducted to decompose the time series into three-dimensional principal components (PCs) and spatial eigenvectors. The top three high-order PCs were calculated to correct common mode errors. Both GPS and GRACE observations showed significant seasonal variations. The observed seasonal GPS vertical variations are in good agreement with those from the GRACE-derived results, particularly for changes in surface pressure, non-tidal oceanic mass loading, and hydrologic loading. The GPS-observed rates of vertical deformation obtained for the region suggest both tectonic impact and mass decrease. The rates of vertical crustal deformation were estimated by removing the GRACE-derived hydrological vertical rates from the GPS measurements. Most of the sites located in the southern part of the Main Himalayan Thrust subsided, whereas the northern part mostly showed an uplift. These results may contribute to the understanding of secular vertical crustal deformation in Nepal.     

频率源特性对CEI精度影响分析

频率源特性导致的误差是影响干涉测量精度的因素之一,基于频率源稳定性详细分析了频率基准对CEI （Connected-Element Interferometry,连线端站干涉测量）精度的影响机理,针对差分单向测距/双差分单向测距、本地相关/互相关等各种干涉测量模式,给出了频率源稳定性对测量精度影响的解析表达式,并基于典型条件量化了频率源不稳定带来的误差大小,给出了能够满足CEI的频率源稳定性指标的建议.分析计算结果表明：如果要解出载波相位延迟量,在其他误差因素不会导致相位模糊的情况下,针对X频段差分单向测距,频率源稳定性优于8.5×10^-12/s即可;针对双差分单向测距,对频率源稳定性的要求可进一步放宽.由此可以认为：在CEI模式下,较好的铷频标即可满足测量要求.