近年固体火箭推进技术发展趋势

讨论了在冷战结束后的政治、军事环境下固体发动机应用领域的动向和固体火箭推进技术的发展特点，重点了发动机设计及固体推进剂、壳体、喷管、点火系统等单项技术的发展趋势。     

双斜喷管固体火箭发动机流动特性数值模拟

应用计算流体力学软件PHOENICS从二维湍流N S方程出发 ,对有 /无斜切的双喷管固体火箭发动机内流场进行了数值模拟。研究表明 ,对无斜切模型的喷管偏转角从 15°变化到 3 0° ,轴向推力损失约达 10 %。有斜切模型的喷管形状不对称 ,内流在出口处产生的扰动在较长一侧喷管壁反射 ,出现激波现象 ,引起流动的变化。     

花瓣铺层C/C喷管扩张段外缠绝热层工艺固化过程应力-应变分析

用有限元法对花瓣铺层C／C喷管扩张段外缠绝热层工艺固化过程的应力－应变进行了分析；并分析了C／C材料的层间缺陷对热应力的影响。通过分析可知，由于花瓣铺层C／C材料与绝热层材料线膨胀系数不一致，导致它们在固化过程后产生热应力；而C／C扩张段中少数缺陷的存在，使得缺陷附近的层间剪切应力大幅增加，从而可能导致其结构的完整性被破坏。文中的分析可为花瓣铺层C／C扩张段的设计和工艺提供参数。     

可抛式双级延伸喷管及其效益

介绍了一种新型可抛展开系统双级延伸喷管（简称可殷式双级延伸喷管）的结构及其工作原理。对它产生的效益进行了分析和计算。这种可抛式延伸喷管的特点是结构质量轻、可靠性高、同步性好。从而能使飞行器的有效载荷或射程增加。     

Three dimensional investigation of the shock train structure in a convergent–divergent nozzle

Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics analyses have been employed to study the compressible and turbulent flow of the shock train in a convergent–divergent nozzle. The primary goal is to determine the behavior, location, and number of shocks. In this context, full multi-grid initialization, Reynolds stress turbulence model (RSM), and the grid adaption techniques in the Fluent software are utilized under the 3D investigation. The results showed that RSM solution matches with the experimental data suitably. The effects of applying heat generation sources and changing inlet flow total temperature have been investigated. Our simulations showed that changes in the heat generation rate and total temperature of the intake flow influence on the starting point of shock, shock strength, minimum pressure, as well as the maximum flow Mach number.     

Interference-free wind tunnel testing of jet propelled missiles

Wind tunnel evaluation of the aerodynamic interaction effects between plume and the external flow past the missile body including the wake boundary (“slipstream”) over powered flight envelopes of rocket propelled vehicles can be greatly facilitated — or even made possible — by a methodology replacing the hot propellant by cold, inert gases. Model nozzle design is based on the second order matching of plume geometry and first order modeling of plume stiffness. Since modeled nozzles will have larger throat radii than the prototypes, one can use sting-supported, sting-fed model installations thus eliminating aerodynamic interference effects due to struts. The concepts of simulated altitude and simulated full-scale Reynolds Number greatly reduce wind tunnel occupancy time. Computer programs, covering all steps of evaluating prototype nozzle performance, model sting nozzle design, model test evaluation and interpretation have been developed. The modeling methodology is supported by experimental results obtained in an induction wind tunnel at the FFA, Bromma, Sweden and in the 16 T and VKF-A altitude tunnels at AEDC, Tullahoma, Tenn.     

带侧向膨胀的三维非对称喷管设计和性能分析

针对带侧向膨胀的三维矩形截面非对称喷管,提出了一种基于准二维特征线法的喷管设计方法,获得了基于准二维特征线法的非对称喷管设计程序.然后,根据给定的几种侧向膨胀规律,通过该设计方法获得了相应的非对称喷管构型,并将该构型与通过优化算法获得的最优构型进行了比较,结果表明:两种方法所设计的非对称喷管的上、下壁面型面基本重合,喷管壁面压力分布趋势基本一致,验证了准二维特征线法的可靠性.与最优构型的性能相比,该方法所设计的喷管构型,推力偏差低于0.60%,升力偏差低于8.07%,且该设计法将设计耗时由30.5h减少到2h,可方便地应用到带侧向膨胀喷管的初期设计中.      

世界垂直起降动力装置的演进和展望

介绍了半个世纪以来世界垂直起降动力装置发展的概况,阐述了垂直起降动力装置的类型、演进情况并展望了其发展前景.     

二元矢量喷管流场及性能数值模拟

用有限差分法对二元矢量喷管的内流场及推力性能进行数值模拟。流场计算采用ＭａｃＣｏｒ－ｍａｃｋ两步格式，运用两层代数紊流模型，对初场、网格进行处理，采用加快收敛的当地时间步长，使计算精度和时间都能较好地满足工程应用的要求，得到了与实验数据较一致的喷管内特性。     

用湍流附面层方程计算喷管内的对流换热

在流场计算的基础上,运用Patankar-Spalding方法积分求解了湍流附面层控制方程组,从而得到了固体火箭发动机喷管内燃气与壁面之间的对流换热。其中在附面层靠近壁面的底层区使用了Gouette流分析,在壁面边界和自由流边界处引入了滑移值的概念,因此保证了计算结果的相对准确性。最后将本文的计算结果与巴兹公式的计算结果和实验结果进行了比较。