Apparent rotation properties of space debris extracted from photometric measurements

Knowledge about the rotation properties of space debris objects is essential for the active debris removal missions, accurate re-entry predictions and to investigate the long-term effects of the space environment on the attitude motion change. Different orbital regions and object’s physical properties lead to different attitude states and their change over time.Since 2007 the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) performs photometric measurements of space debris objects. To June 2016 almost 2000 light curves of more than 400 individual objects have been acquired and processed. These objects are situated in all orbital regions, from low Earth orbit (LEO), via global navigation systems orbits and high eccentricity orbit (HEO), to geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO). All types of objects were observed including the non-functional spacecraft, rocket bodies, fragmentation debris and uncorrelated objects discovered during dedicated surveys. For data acquisition, we used the 1-meter Zimmerwald Laser and Astrometry Telescope (ZIMLAT) at the Swiss Optical Ground Station and Geodynamics Observatory Zimmerwald, Switzerland. We applied our own method of phase-diagram reconstruction to extract the apparent rotation period from the light curve. Presented is the AIUB’s light curve database and the obtained rotation properties of space debris as a function of object type and orbit.     

二体绳系卫星系统冲击效应动力学与试验研究

为了研究冲击效应对二体绳系卫星系统动力学特性的影响，开展了基于绝对节点坐标法的柔性绳索模型及绳系卫星系统运动特性分析研究。首先介绍了绝对节点坐标法柔索模型的建立过程，并进行了动力学仿真实验，在仿真时充分考虑了柔索的轴向刚度矩阵、弯曲刚度矩阵以及质量矩阵，可在不增加计算量的同时保留系绳真实特性。最后，搭建了三自由度的二体绳系卫星地面模拟试验系统，在规格为20 m×30 m的大型气浮平台上开展了试验验证，对末尾释放阶段和初始回收阶段系绳的张力以及子星的运动状态进行了分析。验证结果表明：地面模拟试验与仿真实验相比，系绳张力误差均在5%以内，验证了该建模方法的有效性和所搭建的试验系统的可靠性，同时为绳系卫星的未来发展和地面试验的进一步展开奠定了基础。     

几种植物精油对桔小实蝇的产卵忌避作用

比较了6种植物精油对桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis的产卵忌避效果.结果表明:辣椒油、樟脑油、冬青油和香茅油的产卵忌避效果明显,其中香茅油的产卵忌避作用最强,而肉桂油和香紫苏油的效果较弱.不同质量浓度的植物精油处理间的产卵忌避效果存在显著差异.香茅油和冬青油的产卵忌避作用随质量浓度的升高而增强,当质量浓度为7 000 μg/mL时,忌避率最高;辣椒油和樟脑油则是5 000 μg/mL的质量浓度产卵忌避效果最好.4种植物精油产卵忌避作用的持效期存在差异,与对照相比,辣椒油持效期最长,可维持6 d;香茅油持效期最短,仅1 d;冬青油和樟脑油可维持4 d.大空间下的试验表明,辣椒油、樟脑油和冬青油处理过的杨桃上的着卵量均显著低于对照,但3种精油之间无显著差异.