负跃层对主动声纳探测距离影响仿真研究

简要分析了声波穿过负跃层时的传播特性,结合潜艇利用跃变层规避主动声纳探测的战术背景,对负跃层影响主动声纳的探测距离进行了研究。建立了主动声纳搜潜的数学模型,利用平滑平均声场理论估算了存在负跃层时的声传播损失,分析了负跃层深度、厚度以及声速跃变差对主动声纳探测距离的影响,并进行了仿真。结果表明,负跃层对主动声纳的探测距离有明显影响。     

Empirical model of the TEC response to the geomagnetic activity over the North American region

The paper presents an empirical model of the total electron content (TEC) response to the geomagnetic activity described by the K_p-index. The model is built on the basis of TEC measurements covering the region of North America (50°W–150°W, 10°N–60°N) for the period of time between October 2004 and December 2009. By using a 2D (latitude-time) cross-correlation analysis it is found that the ionospheric response to the geomagnetic activity over the considered geographic region and at low solar activity revealed both positive and negative phases of response. The both phases of the ionospheric response have different duration and time delay with respect to the geomagnetic storm. It was found that these two parameters of the ionospheric response depend on the season and geographical latitude. The presence of two phases, positive and negative, of the ionospheric response imposed the implementation of two different time delay constants in order to properly describe the two different delayed reactions. The seasonal dependence of the TEC response to geomagnetic storms is characterized by predominantly positive response in winter with a short (usually ∼5–6 h) time delay as well as mainly negative response in summer with a long (larger than 15 h) time delay. While the TEC response in March and October is more close to the winter one the response in April and September is similar to the summer one.     

负梯度浅海混响条件下吊放声纳主动探测深度研究

负梯度浅海条件下,吊放声纳主动工作时混响呈现"峰"现象,且随吊放声纳深度变化。为此,建立浅海混响模型,采用Bellhop模型计算吊放声纳与海底散射元之间的传播,并依据Jackson模型推导海底反向散射强度的计算方法。结合海底散射面积的估算与吊放声纳主动工作满足小掠射角的特点,对浅海混响进行了仿真和分析。     

Influence of blade negative twist on aerodynamic performance of cycloidal propeller

In order to improve the analysis accuracy of the influence of shape parameters on the aerodynamic performance of cycloidal propeller, a set of CFD methods suitable for the simulation of the cycloidal propeller flow field based on the dynamic overset mesh and Unsteady Reynolds time average method equation were established. The characteristics of the spanwise lift distribution and surface pressure distribution in case of different negative twist were provided. The influence of the negative twist on the aerodynamic performance of cycloidal propeller was emphasized. The results showed that, the change of negative twist caused the change of azimuth for cycloidal propeller lift. The larger the absolute value of negative twist, the lower the figure of merit of the cycloidal propeller; the smaller the negative twist, the more gentle the instantaneous aerodynamic fluctuation; the influence mechanism of negative twist on the aerodynamic performance of cycloidal propeller was generated from changing the non-uniform distribution of the cycloidal propeller''s effective angle of     

民机座舱负压差安全释压功能试飞研究

座舱压调系统是保障试飞安全的重要系统,座舱压差过大会对飞机结构造成损坏,严重影响飞行安全。对座舱负压差安全释压飞行试验进行了研究,首先介绍了座舱压力调节系统的基本原理和设计特点,随后从试飞方法、改装方法、数据处理、试飞风险几方面对座舱负压差安全释压试飞技术进行了分析总结,可为民机座舱负压差安全释压功能试验提供参考。     

海上小井眼脉冲空化射流发生器射流特性室内试验研究

为了经济地开发海上边际油气资源,将小井眼单通道井井身结构及水力脉冲空化射流提速技术相结合研制出了小尺寸（外径为120mm）水力脉冲空化射流发生器,并采用室内试验研究了其射流特性。分析了其在不同排量下的出口压力脉动频率、入出口压力脉动振幅、工具压耗等参数和自激振荡喷嘴的射流特性。研究表明,出口压力脉动频率与排量呈线性增大关系,入口及出口压力脉动振幅随排量增大而呈增大趋势,工具压耗与排量呈2次增大关系,自激振荡喷嘴能够产生负压和空化效应。     

一种用石英多晶材料作为弹性元件的应变式压办传感器

本文介绍了一种新的应变式压力传感器,它利用石英多晶作为弹性元件,用阴极溅射法制成应变电阻。本文对传感器的结构设计、制作工艺都做了较详细的探讨和研究,并制成一个传感器样品,对其作了一系列性能测试。     

LIPS-300离子推力器栅极热变形特点实验分析

为探究LIPS-300离子推力器在工作过程中栅极热变形的规律与特点,设计了大气环境下离子推力器双栅极热变形实验,以一环形加热器模拟实际工作时的等离子体热源。实验研究发现:球面栅极在加热过程中急剧变形,同时屏栅变形量大于加速栅,导致栅极间距减小;在冷却过程中,双栅迅速回复变形,栅极间距同步回复。其次,研究发现栅极中心位移在加热过程中的峰值回落现象,与在冷却过程中的负位移现象,同时发现冷却速率对负位移的大小有着不容忽视的影响。为研究上述现象的起因,对栅极组件的径向位移进行了采集,发现栅极安装环的变形是其根本原因。在结构与温度的综合影响下,栅极安装环的变形相较球面栅极更为缓慢,而其受热膨胀会拉伸球面栅极,导致球面栅极中心拱高减小,中心位移峰值回落。     

桨叶负扭度对直升机涡环状态影响分析

利用部分旋翼涡环状态试验数据，采用神经网络误差反向传播算法（BP 算法），研究了桨叶负扭度对直升机涡环状态特性的影响问题，分析了负扭度变化对旋翼扭矩，拉力平均值及脉动幅度的影响，模拟结果表明，使用该模型可准确预测桨叶负扭度对直升机涡环状态的影响，从而减少试验次数，节约试验费用。     

山区农村劳动力流动对农村发展的负面影响与消解——以湘西花垣县团结镇为例

挣钱养家是山区农村劳动力流动的微观原因,山区劳动力流动导致山区劳动力结构恶化和耕地荒芜,削弱村民务农兴趣和山区农业发展的内生力,滋生农村留守孩问题。要合理组织山区农业剩余劳动力外流,加大对"三农"投入,最大限度减少山区劳动力外流之后的耕地荒芜,开展山区农民职业观教育,建立农村留守孩关怀体系,以此来消除因山区农村劳动力流动造成的诸多负面影响,使山区农村劳动力合理健康流动,保证山区农村社会得到正常发展。