矢阵与四元数的关系及其在飞行力学中的应用

本文将矢阵引入到四元数的表示当中，首次提出了矢阵的四元数“圈积”的概念，并由此规定了关于四元数的扩展矢阵和扩展矢阵圈算子。在此框架下严密而系统地导出了四元数的常用关系。本方法概念清晰、形式化美、逻辑性强，具有理论和应用价值     

地月低能转移轨道设计方法研究

研究地月低能转移轨道的设计方法。这种低能转移轨道利用了弱稳定边界理论，通过太阳的引力摄动，使得探测器能够不经过减速就被月球俘获。与经典的霍曼转移相比，低能转移轨道呵节省约140m／s的速度脉冲。由于设计是基于叫体问题模型进行的，问题具有很强的非线性特性，寻找满足约束条件的转移轨道变得非常困难。常用的两点边值问题的解法在这里都失效。本文在研究地月低能转移轨道特忡的基础上，对一般地月转移轨道搜索的变步长爬山法进行改进，用来设计地月低能转移轨道。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

大型柔性空间结构分散固定模的研究

采用速度和位置的加权和作为反馈量构成大型柔性空间结构分散控制律时的分散固定模问题，是文献［１］中采用位置输出作为反馈量时的分散固定模结论的进一步推广。     

Radiation engineering analysis of shielding materials to assess their ability to protect astronauts in deep space from energetic particle radiation

An analysis is performed on four typical materials (aluminum, liquid hydrogen, polyethylene, and water) to assess their impact on the length of time an astronaut can stay in deep space and not exceed a design basis radiation exposure of 150 mSv. A large number of heavy lift launches of pure shielding mass are needed to enable long duration, deep space missions to keep astronauts at or below the exposure value with shielding provided by the vehicle. Therefore, vehicle mass using the assumptions in the paper cannot be the sole shielding mechanism for long duration, deep space missions. As an example, to enable the Mars Design Reference Mission 5.0 with a 400 day transit to and from Mars, not including the 500 day stay on the surface, a minimum of 24 heavy lift launches of polyethylene at 89,375 lbm (40.54 tonnes) each are needed for the 1977 galactic cosmic ray environment. With the assumptions used in this paper, a single heavy lift launch of water or polyethylene can protect astronauts for a 130 day mission before exceeding the exposure value. Liquid hydrogen can only protect the astronauts for 160 days. Even a single launch of pure shielding material cannot protect an astronaut in deep space for more than 180 days using the assumptions adopted in the analysis. It is shown that liquid hydrogen is not the best shielding material for the same mass as polyethylene for missions that last longer than 225 days.     

车身三坐标检测数据图形分析软件开发

根据三坐标测量机检测汽车车身后输出的数据特点,提出了一种计算机图形分析方法,并介绍了软件的编制.实施后,大大减少了车身精度分析时间,提高了分析准确性,并有效地提高了白车身质量.     

HyTRV流场特征与边界层稳定性特征分析

高超声速转捩研究飞行器（HyTRV）是为研究三维复杂外形的边界层转捩问题而设计的一款具备真实飞行器典型特征的升力体标模。为支撑更加全面系统的理论分析、数值模拟、风洞试验和飞行试验研究,采用高精度数值模拟方法、线性稳定性理论（LST）和e^N方法对HyTRV标模的典型流动特征和边界层失稳特征进行了分析。研究表明,HyTRV展现出多个相对独立的横流区域和多个流向涡结构;HyTRV的边界层存在横流失稳模态、第二模态、附着线失稳模态等常见模态。横流失稳模态出现在周向高低压区之间的横流区域,能够主导转捩发生;横流区域同时也存在第二模态,其N值普遍比横流失稳模态小;附着线失稳模态呈现出第二模态特性,且频率非常高。还研究了攻角和单位雷诺数的影响。结果表明,随着攻角增加,标模下表面中心线的流向涡结构逐渐消失,横流雷诺数逐渐减小;上表面流向涡结构逐渐从腰部移向顶端,并出现新的流向涡结构。增加攻角,所有失稳模态的N值总体上逐渐减小;增加单位雷诺数,N值显著增加。基于研究结果,针对流向涡失稳、横流失稳、第二模态和附着线失稳等给出了研究建议。     

高超声速升力体飞行器等离子体鞘数值模拟

为探究高超声速再入过程中通信“黑障”的影响因素,基于一种化学反应平衡气体组分模型,采用有限体积法求解三维全N-S方程,数值方法采用AUSMPW+格式和LU-SGS隐式求解方法,模拟典型球锥体的高超声速流场,得到的电子数密度分布同RAM-C II飞行试验数据吻合良好。并针对一种升力体外形飞行器进行计算,选取高度范围35~55〖KG*9〗km、马赫数12~25、攻角10°~30°共14个飞行状态,得到了不同状态下的飞行器周围的电子数密度分布情况,对比分析发现电子数密度值与飞行高度、马赫数以及攻角的大小关系密切。     

基于伪谱法的小天体最优下降轨迹优化方法

针对小天体着陆探测下降阶段的多约束轨迹优化问题,基于Gauss伪谱法进行了燃耗最优下降轨迹优化设计,得出了燃耗最优下降轨迹。建立了小天体下降轨迹优化问题的最优控制问题模型,采用Gauss伪谱法进行离散化,转化为非线性规划问题进行了求解。数学仿真结果显示:优化结果符合各项约束条件,以零速度到达了目标着陆点,且符合燃耗最优的优化目标。利用Gauss伪谱法进行小天体最优下降轨迹优化,计算速度快,求解精度高。     

Preliminary experiment on spontaneous ignition performances of cavity-based strut flameholder

The thermal-structural response and low cycle fatigue life of a three-dimensional (3D) channel wall nozzle with regenerative cooling were numerically investigated by coupling the finite volume fluid-thermal method, nonlinear finite element thermal-structural analysis and local strain methods. The nozzle had a high area ratio (nozzle exit area divided by throat area) under cyclic working loads. Parametric studies were carried out to evaluate the effects of channel structural parameters such as channel width, channel height, liner thickness and rib width. Results showed that the integrated effects of three-dimensional channel structure and load distribution caused serious strain, which mainly occurred at the intersectant regions of liner wall on the gas side and the symmetric planes of channel and rib. The cooling effect and channel structural strength were significantly improved as the channel width and height decreased, leading to substantial extension of the nozzle service life. On the other hand, the successive decrease in liner thickness and rib width apparently increased the strain amplitude and residual strain of channel wall nozzle during cyclic work, significantly shortening the service life. The present work is of value for design of the channel wall nozzle to prolong its cyclic service life.      

“嫦娥二号”卫星拓展试验轨道计算中心天体的选取

飞行器的星历积分不可避免涉及中心天体的选取问题。“嫦娥二号”卫星在拓展试验期间处于弱引力区,文章针对拓展试验期间的轨道状态,从受摄运动二体问题角度分析得出适宜选取太阳作为中心天体。进而结合真实力模型情况,使用行星星历表计算行星产生的摄动力,从理论上推导得出在忽略小天体摄动的前提下,由于摄动天体同时对中心天体和飞行器产生摄动作用,以地球为中心天体产生的摄动力类似于潮汐力,而以太阳为中心天体则不然,因而更适宜选取地球作为中心天体计算轨道运动问题