电子回旋共振中和器内静磁场及微波电磁场的数值计算

为了研究电子回旋共振中和器内静磁场和微波电磁场的分布规律,设计合理的磁路结构以形成电子回旋共振区,并使微波强电场区与电子回旋共振区重合,采用有限元分析软件对中和器内的静磁场和微波电磁场进行了数值计算。计算结果表明:永磁体及磁轭的尺寸均影响电子回旋共振区的分布;天线伸入长度越长,微波电场越强。微波频率为4.2GHz时,六块相同的长12mm,宽8mm,高5mm的条形永磁铁与磁轭组成的磁路结构,可以产生合理的电子回旋共振区。L型天线伸入长度为5mm时微波强电场区可与电子回旋共振区重合。     

光纤陀螺磁屏蔽效能仿真及实验研究

光纤陀螺处于磁场环境中会产生漂移,降低了光纤陀螺精度。光纤陀螺的磁场敏感性制约了其在高精度导航领域的应用。本文建立了光纤陀螺三维磁屏蔽仿真模型,给出了光纤陀螺磁屏蔽效能与磁屏蔽结构参数之间的关系并得到实验验证,为光纤陀螺磁屏蔽设计提供了依据。     

Temporal evolution of statistical features of the sunspot cycles

Analysis of the general statistical features of the sunspot cycles in the period 1700–1996 AD, including the Gnevyshev–Ohl rule, Waldmeier rule and an amplitude–period effect, was performed for both Wolf numbers and group sunspot numbers. It was shown that for both solar indices all the statistical effects are weaker over the time interval 1700–1855 AD than over the time interval 1856–1996 AD. Possible causes of this difference are discussed.     

The relationship between TEC and Earth’s magnetic field during quiet and disturbed days over Istanbul,Turkey

In this study, the impact of Earth’s magnetic field on total electron content (TEC) was studied by using statistical multiple linear regression model and co-integration method. TEC values were measured over the Turkey-Istanbul (ista) station using date of global positioning system (GPS), and the magnetic field components of the Earth were measured from Boğaziçi University, Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, Geomagnetic observatory Istanbul (ISK) station. This examination has been carried out during the dates of March 14–19, 2015 covering the dates of March 17–18, 2015 known in the literature as St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm. The three days before the storm (March 14–16) were named as quiet days, whereas the other days (March 17–19) were named as disturbed days after which the two periods were examined separately. It was observed as a result of the examination that the x-component (south-north direction) of the magnetic field had a negative impact on TEC on quiet days, whereas the impact was positive on disturbed days. However, the y-component (east–west direction) of the magnetic field had an inverse relationship of the x-component on the quiet and disturbed days. In addition, it was deduced that the impact coefficient of the x and y-component of the magnetic field was higher on disturbed days in comparison with those on quiet days. The correlation coefficient between the TEC and the components of the Earth’s magnetic field was 0.11 on quiet days and 0.95 on disturbed days. Therefore, it can be stated that the relationship of the TEC values with the geomagnetic field are higher on disturbed days.     

传动比和转速对永磁齿轮传动特性的影响研究

介绍了一种径向调制永磁齿轮，运用有限元技术，通过变更仿真条件中的传动比和转速，并对仿真结果中的输出转矩和传动效率进行分析，从而获得传动比和转速对输出转矩和传动效率的影响规律。结果表明，随着传动比的增大，输出转矩呈二次曲线规律变化，而传动效率则呈减小趋势；相同传动比下，随着主动转子转速的增大，输出转矩和传动效率均呈减小趋势；提出了以传动效率〖WTBX〗η〖WTBZ〗为目标值的等效率曲线概念，得到了η=90%时的等效率曲线i~n₁（i和n₁分别代表传动比和主动转子转速），当n₁和i的交点位于等效率曲线下方时，即可满足η>90%。     

27-day variations of the galactic cosmic ray intensity and anisotropy in the minimum of the 23rd solar activity cycle

We study the 27-day variations of the solar wind velocity, galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity and anisotropy in the last minimum epoch of solar activity (2007–2009, A < 0). The average amplitude of the 27-day variation of the galactic cosmic ray anisotropy (A27A) in the current minimum epoch of solar activity (2007–2009, A < 0) is lesser than in previous positive polarity period as it is expected from the drift theory. So, polarity dependence rule for the 27-day variation of the GCR anisotropy is fully kept. It is a universal principle for the amplitudes of the 27-day variation of the GCR anisotropy. At the same time, the average amplitude of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity (A27I) remains at the same level as for previous minimum epoch 1995–1997 (A > 0) showing by the same token an violation of its polarity dependence rule established earlier. We assume that this phenomenon could be generally related with the well established 27-day variation of the solar wind velocity being in anti-correlation with the similar changes of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity. Generally, a character of the heliolongitudinal asymmetry of spatial large-scale structure of the solar wind velocity (SWV) established in the recent minimum epoch, preferentially pronounces in the behavior of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity than anisotropy. The formation of the 27-day variation of the GCR anisotropy preferentially takes place in a restricted disk like local vicinity in the helioequatorial region, whilst the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity is formed in the global three dimensional vicinity of the heliosphere.     

Cosmic ray modulation with a Fisk-type heliospheric magnetic field and a latitude-dependent solar wind speed

The effect of a latitude-dependent solar wind speed on a Fisk heliospheric magnetic field [Fisk, L. A. Motion of the footpoints of heliospheric magnetic field lines at the Sun: implications for recurrent energetic particle events at high heliographic latitudes. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 15547–15553, 1996] was first discussed by Schwadron and Schwadron and McComas [Schwadron, N.A. An explanation for strongly underwound magnetic field in co-rotating rarefaction regions and its relationship to footpoint motion on the the sun. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29, 1–8, 2002. and Schwadron, N.A., McComas, D.J. Heliospheric “FALTS”: favored acceleration locations at the termination shock. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30, 41–1, 2003]. Burger and Sello [Burger, R.A., Sello, P.C. The effect on cosmic ray modulation of a Parker field modified by a latitudinal-dependent solar wind speed. Adv. Space Res. 35, 643–646, 2005] found a significant effect for a simplified 2D version of a latitude-dependent Fisk-type field while Miyake and Yanagita [Miyake, S., Yanagita, S. The effect of a modified Parker field on the modulation of the galactic cosmic rays. In: Proceedings of 30th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Merida, Mexico, vol. 1, 445–448, 2007] found a smaller effect. The current report improves on a previous attempt Hitge and Burger [Hitge, M., Burger, R.A. The effect of a latitude-dependent solar wind speed on cosmic-ray modulation in a Fisk-type heliospheric magnetic field. In: Proceedings of 30th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Merida, Mexico, vol. 1, pp. 449–450, 2007] where the global change in the solar wind speed and not the local speed gradient was emphasized. The sheared Fisk field of Schwadron and McComas [Schwadron, N.A., McComas, D.J. Heliospheric “FALTS”: Favored acceleration locations at the termination shock. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30, 41–1, 2003.) is similar to the current Schwadron–Parker hybrid field. Little difference is found between the effects of a Parker field and a Schwadron–Parker hybrid field on cosmic-ray modulation, in contrast to the results of Burger and Sello and Miyake and Yanagita [Burger, R.A., Sello, P.C. The effect on cosmic ray modulation of a Parker field modified by a latitudinal-dependent solar wind speed. Adv. Space Res. 35, 643–646, 2005 and Miyake, S., Yanagita, S. The effect of a modified Parker field on the modulation of the galactic cosmic rays. In: Proceedings of 30th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Merida, Mexico, vol. 1, pp. 445–448, 2007]. The two-dimensional approximation used by these authors is therefore inadequate to model the complexities of the actual three-dimensional field. We also show that a Fisk-type field with a latitude-dependent solar wind speed (Schwadron–Parker hybrid field) decreases both the relative amplitude of recurrent cosmic ray intensity variations and latitude gradients and yields similar constants of proportionality for these quantities as for the constant solar wind speed case.     

Multifunctional Martian habitat composite material synthesized from in situ resources

The two primary requirements for a Martian habitat structure include effective radiation shielding against the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) environment and sufficient structural and thermal integrity. To significantly reduce the cost associated with transportation of such materials and structures from earth, it is imperative that such building materials should be synthesized primarily from Martian in situ resources. This paper illustrates the feasibility of such an approach. Experimental results are discussed to demonstrate the synthesis of polyethylene (PE) from a simulated Martian atmosphere and the fabrication of a composite material using simulated Martian regolith with PE as the binding material. The radiation shielding effectiveness of the proposed composites is analyzed using results from radiation transport codes and exposure of the samples to high-energy beams that serve as a terrestrial proxy for the GCR environment. Mechanical and ballistic impact resistance properties of the proposed composite as a function of composition, processing parameters, and thermal variations are also discussed to evaluate the multifunctionality of such in situ synthesized composite materials.     

磁悬浮飞轮转子系统的现场动平衡方法

针对磁悬浮飞轮的转子平衡后转动效果不理想、转子平衡过程复杂等问题,提出了一种基于磁轴承系统特性的现场动平衡检测方法。该方法通过考虑电磁力的影响,进行转子系统的整体动平衡,而非转子本身的动平衡。通过分别检测转子平动的最大位移和相位、转子转动的最大位移和相位,分别得到等效力/力偶不平衡质量的大小和相位,实现了整体不平衡量的现场检测和飞轮转子系统的高精度平衡。试验结果表明,该方法能有效提高飞轮转子系统的平衡精度,转子的跳动量、磁轴承的控制电流以及飞轮轮体的振动量显著减小。     

一种用于电磁轴承特性可控的弹性备用轴承

 为了提高电磁轴承备用轴承的性能,基于动力特性可控的径向电涡流阻尼器、弹性支撑以及滚动型或衬套型备用轴承提出了一种动力特性可控的弹性备用轴承新结构。介绍了这种新型备用轴承的结构和工作原理,在不同的转速和转子不平衡量下测量了电磁轴承失效后转子坠落在新型弹性备用轴承上的瞬态响应,分析了新型备用轴承对转子坠落在备用轴承上的瞬态冲击响应的抑制作用。结果表明：这种新型弹性备用轴承不仅具有结构简单、无工作介质、动力特性易于进行控制等特点,而且还能够显著减小电磁轴承失效后转子坠落在备用轴承上的瞬态冲击响应,使转子的振动很快得以衰减,减小了转子对备用轴承的冲击作用,是一种具有良好发展和应用前景的主动电磁轴承备用轴承结构。