非稳态表面热流反演算法研究

表面热流的反演是一类典型的热传导逆问题。在采用有限体积法数值求解三维非稳态热传导问题的基础上,将该热传导逆问题转化为优化问题,建立了顺序函数法和共轭梯度法这两类反演算法。采用这两类算法对一个典型算例的计算结果表明:建立的两类反演算法都是有效的,具有较好的抗噪性能。顺序函数法的优势在于算法的推导和实现较为简便,但算法中存在人为确定的参数r,该参数的选取对反演结果有较大影响。共轭梯度法的算法中没有自由参数,但算法的推导和实现都较为复杂,其反演结果的精度和顺序函数法的反演结果精度基本相当。     

铁磁构件残余寿命评估方法

 为研究磁记忆检测技术评估铁磁材料早期损伤的可行性,以磁记忆检测技术为手段,对40Cr钢三点弯曲SE(B)试样进行了常温疲劳裂纹扩展试验,分别测量了试样在相同载荷条件下不同循环周次N时的磁场数据。定义了一种新的磁记忆特征参量,分析并探讨了疲劳裂纹扩展过程中该特征参量的阶段性特征,结果表明该特征参量较传统的磁记忆特征参量变化明显。通过分析磁记忆信号与裂纹扩展寿命、累积疲劳损伤之间的关系,建立了基于磁记忆信号的损伤参量模型,利用该模型可以很好地评估材料的残余寿命,可为磁记忆检测技术在铁磁性材料早期损伤以及残余寿命评估方面的应用提供借鉴作用。     

基于MEMS器件的旋转调制式航姿参考系统设计

为实现中精度、低成本的航姿测量系统,提出了一种基于低精度MEMS(Mi-cro Electronic Mechanical System)陀螺旋转调制技术的解决方案.系统采用四元数及三子样法进行航姿解算,可选用全自主及快速两种对准模式.全自主对准采用基于速度观测的Kalman滤波方案,利用30(°)/h的MEMS陀螺可实现优于5°的航向对准精度;快速对准时航向角由磁场计提供,经磁罗差补偿后航向精度优于0.4°.静态及动态实验结果表明:旋转调制可将MEMS陀螺的精度提高30倍左右,系统在1 h内的航姿保持精度优于1°.     

中风患者康复期运动皮层网络的功能磁共振成像

为了了解中风患者康复期间大脑皮层功能激活区和运动皮层网络连通性的变化,以5名左侧大脑皮层有病变的患者为研究对象,在其发病后的第2,4,8和16周进行功能磁共振检查。利用SPM5软件对患者左、右手握拳任务下的图像进行分析,得到大脑运动皮层激活图。利用激活区域提取大脑运动皮层网络并计算其结构和功能特征以反映网络连通性。研究结果显示,在握拳任务下,损伤侧大脑半球与非损伤侧大脑半球相比,具有较多的激活区和较低的激活程度;运动皮层网络随着患者的逐渐康复表现出整体上较强的独立性和运动区域间较强的依赖性。研究有助于理解康复的机制。     

Heliospheric asymmetries due to the action of the interstellar magnetic field

We discuss the asymmetry of the heliospheric discontinuities obtained from the analysis of 3D modeling of the solar wind (SW) interaction with local interstellar medium (LISM). The flow of charged particles is governed by the ideal MHD equations and the flow of neutral particles is described by the Boltzmann equation. The emphasis is made on the asymmetries of the termination shock (TS) and the heliopause under the combined action of the interstellar and interplanetary magnetic fields (ISMF and IMF) in the presence of neutral hydrogen atoms whose transport through the heliosphere is modeled kinetically, using a Monte Carlo approach. We show that the deflection of neutral hydrogen flow from its original direction in the unperturbed LISM is highly anisotropic and evaluate a possible angle between the hydrogen deflection plane measured in the SOHO SWAN experiment and the plane containing the ISMF and LISM velocity vectors for different ISMF strengths. It is shown that the ISMF of a strength greater than 4 μG can account for the 10 AU difference in the TS heliocentric difference observed during its crossing by the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 spacecraft, which however results in a larger discrepancy between the calculated and observed velocity distributions. The effect of a strong ISMF on the distribution of plasma quantities in the inner heliosheath and on 2–3 kHz radio emission is discussed.     

体-翼干扰区热环境特性分析及预测

高速飞行器的体—翼干扰区热流精确预测对于飞行器生存能力与战术性能的提高具有重要的 意义,是高性能飞行器设计水平的一个重要标志。由于体—翼干扰区流场的复杂性,目前尚 无满足工程设计要求的热环境预测方法,在分析体—翼流场特性的基础上应用文献［1 ］的压力—热流关系式,提出体—翼干扰区的热流预测方法,即压力由N-S数值解给出,热 流应用压力—热流关系式得到,炮风洞的实验结果验证了本文预测方法的可 靠性 。
     

一种磁悬浮飞轮增益预调交叉反馈控制方法

磁悬浮飞轮转子在高转速下表现出的陀螺效应是影响系统稳定性的主要因素.为了提高磁悬浮飞轮的失稳转速,针对陀螺效应引起的系统章动失稳和进动失稳,提出了一种基于转速的增益预调交叉反馈控制方法,针对不同的转速段,建立在线控制相对应的交叉反馈通道增益和带宽参数表,对进动模态和章动模态分别实现交叉相位补偿.采用该控制方法用经典控制理论中的根轨迹法对系统的章动稳定性进行了仿真并对控制参数进行了优化.仿真和实验结果表明,采用这种基于转速的增益预调交叉反馈的控制算法,能够有效地抑制磁悬浮飞轮转子陀螺效应所导致的章动失稳,所设计的磁悬浮飞轮原理样机能够稳定运行在其额定转速30000r/min.      

Mid-Latitude Pc1, 2 Pulsations Induced by Magnetospheric Compression in the Maximum and Early Recovery Phase of Geomagnetic Storms

We investigate the properties of interplanetary inhomogeneities generating long-lasting mid-latitude Pc1, 2 geomagnetic pulsations. The data from the Wind and IMP 8 spacecrafts, and from the Mondy and Borok midlatitude magnetic observatories are used in this study. The pulsations under investigation develop in the maximum and early recovery phase of magnetic storms. The pulsations have amplitudes from a few tens to several hundred pT andlast more than seven hours. A close association of the increase (decrease) in solar wind dynamic pressure (Psw) with the onset or enhancement (attenuation or decay) of these pulsations has been established. Contrary to high-latitude phenomena, there is a distinctive feature of the interplanetary inhomogeneities that are responsible for generation of long-lasting mid-latitude Pc1, 2. It is essential that the effect of the quasi-stationary negative Bz-component of the interplanetary magnetic field on the magnetosphere extends over 4 hours. Only then are the Psw pulses able to excite the above-mentioned type of mid-latitude geomagnetic pulsations. Model calculations show that in the cases under study the plasmapause can form in the vicinity of the magnetic observatory. This implies that the existence of an intense ring current resulting from the enhanced magnetospheric convection is necessary for the Pc1, 2 excitation. Further, the existence of the plasmapause above the observation point (as a waveguide) is necessary for long-lasting Pc1 waves to arrive at the ground.      

双星计划太阳电池壳降低磁场干扰的改进措施

文章通过试验和计算阐明“探测一号”卫星的周期性磁场干扰信号是来源于太阳电池壳,由于壳内表面的电流布线所致。通过对太阳电池壳背面电流走线方式进行改进,使改进后的“探测二号”卫星太阳电池壳的周期性变化磁场干扰有了很大程度的改善,达到了技术指标要求,保证了卫星飞行任务的圆满完成。