轴对称突扩直管流场计算

本文是为喷管喉部沉积问题的研究而进行的喷管突扩流场研究工作的一部分,重点研究了产生突扩流效应的轴对称直管流场.在等粘度和k-ε紊流模型下,分别计算了三种速度分布下的流场,和国内外相关实验结果及Spalding,D.B.的计算结果进行比较,取得了满意的结果.同时考察了动边界下流场的变化,实现了突扩流效应的理论预测.本文考察了SIMPLE方法.在源项处理、方程的非线性、方程的解法等方面做了分析研究和计算工作,解决了一些具体应用问题.     

粘性跨音速喷管流场计算

本文继用隐式近似因子分解法成功地计算无粘跨音速喷管流场之后,用同样的方法,结合任意曲线坐标系,通过非定常方程在相当长时间后的定常解,针对矩形截面喷管和轴对称喷管粘性跨音速流场,求解了可压缩层流薄层N-S方程,获得了核心流,特别是边界层中的流动参数.对于矩形截面和轴对称两种喷管进行了计算,其结果和实验数据相当一致.将本文的方法应用到粘性两相流动计算,可望较多的节省机时.     

磁悬浮火箭发动机推力测试台

将电磁悬浮技术用于火箭发动机推力测试试验台是一次新的尝试。本文给出了应用电磁悬浮技术的发动机推力测试试验台的结构,推导了系统的运动方程,并对试验台进行了系统仿真。最后对整个试验台成功进行了多发现场试验,仿真结果和试验结果都表明电磁悬浮技术用于火箭发动机推力测试是成功的,提高了测试系统的性能和推力测试精度。     

Semi-analytic Solution of Steady Temperature Fields During Thin Plate Welding

Usually, it is very difficult to find out an analytical solution to thermal conduction problems during high temperature welding. Therefore, as an important numerical approach, the method of lines （MOLs） is introduced to solve the temperature field characterized by high gradients. The basic idea of the method is to semi-discretize the governing equation of the problem into a system of ordinary differential equations （ODEs） defined on discrete lines by means of the finite difference method, by which the thermal boundary condition with high gradients are directly embodied in formulation. Thus the temperature field can be obtained by solving the ODEs. As a numerical example, the variation of an axisymmetrical temperature field along the plate thickness can be obtained.     

Relationship Between Substorm Auroras and Processes in the Near-Earth Magnetotail

Although the auroral substorm has been long regarded as a manifestation of the magnetospheric substorm, a direct relation of active auroras to certain magnetospheric processes is still debatable. To investigate the relationship, we combine the data of the UV imager onboard the Polar satellite with plasma and magnetic field measurements by the Geotail spacecraft. The poleward edge of the auroral bulge, as determined from the images obtained at the LHBL passband, is found to be conjugated with the region where the oppositely directed fast plasma flows observed in the near-Earth plasma sheet during substorms are generated. We conclude that the auroras forming the bulge are due to the near-Earth reconnection process. This implies that the magnetic flux through the auroral bulge is equal to the flux dissipated in the magnetotail during the substorm. Comparison of the magnetic flux through the auroral bulge with the magnetic flux accumulated in the tail lobe during the growth phase shows that these parameters have the comparable values. This is a clear evidence of the loading–unloading scheme of substorm development. It is shown that the area of the auroral bulge developing during substorm is proportional to the total (magnetic plus plasma) pressure decrease in the magnetotail. These findings stress the importance of auroral bulge observations for monitoring of substorm intensity in terms of the magnetic flux and energy dissipation.     

Geoeffectivity of Coronal Mass Ejections

Coronal mass ejections and post-shock streams driven by them are the most efficient drivers of strong magnetospheric activity, magnetic storms. For this reason there is considerable interest in trying to make reliable forecasts for the effects of CMEs as much in advance as possible. To succeed this requires understanding of all aspects related to CMEs, starting from their emergence on the Sun to their propagation to the vicinity of the Earth and to effects within the magnetosphere. In this article we discuss some recent results on the geoeffectivity of different types of CME/shock structures. A particularly intriguing observation is that smoothly rotating magnetic fields within CMEs are most efficient in driving storm activity seen in the inner magnetosphere due to enhanced ring current, whereas the sheath regions between the shock and the ejecta tend to favour high-latitude activity.     

更替某型飞机电压限定器的研究

文章在介绍某型电压限定器工作原理的基础上,阐述了利用集成电路技术和自动控制技术进行该型电压限定器国产化研制的方法,给出了电压限定器探测及延时电路、均衡控制电路、防止误动作保护电路的详细设计方案,解决了激磁控制、均衡控制、故障鉴别等国产化研制过程中遇到的问题,保证了新研制产品与原有进口产品的可互换使用,提高了设备的工作可靠性。     

CVI反应器内部气体流场的有限元模拟及优化设计

采用有限元计算方法,研究了CVI反应器内部的流场特征.对于形状简单的构件,构件的放置方式和阵列对气体的流动状态具有显著的影响.与横向阵列相比,纵向阵列能充分保证构件沿其长度方向流场均匀性,减小回流现象;在反应器中,随着纵向阵列试样数量的增加和分布均匀性的提高,气体流动速度增大,流场均匀性提高.减少反应器内部的自由空间,是提高流场品质和化学气相沉积效果的关键.基于减少反应器内部的自由空间的原则,针对杯形复杂构件,提出了通过加入与其几何形状相适应的导流板工装,有效避免了在构件内部和外部形成回流区,实现流场的优化设计.     

激光冲击残余应力场的有限元分析

建立模拟激光冲击残余应力场的非线性弹塑性有限元模型,预测AISI 304奥氏体不锈钢厚、薄靶材经激光冲击后表面以及内部的残余应力场分布.模拟过程中,考虑材料高应变率(106s-1)下的力学性能和激光诱导冲击波的精确加载,分析激光功率密度、激光光斑尺寸、激光脉宽、激光冲击次数、激光单面与双面冲击等激光冲击参数以及初始残余应力等因素对不锈钢靶材残余应力分布的影响.数值模拟结果与X射线衍射法测量值吻合较好.在有初始残余拉应力(250MPa)存在的情况下,激光冲击仍能使304奥氏体不锈钢靶材形成残余压应力层,说明激光冲击工艺可提高奥氏体不锈钢焊接构件的抗应力腐蚀开裂能力.     

冷却剂不同流动方式对膨胀循环推力室再生冷却换热的影响

为了解液体火箭发动机膨胀循环推力室再生冷却换热特性,对某一参考发动机推力室和另外两种面积比的膨胀循环推力室建立三维计算模型,采用数值模拟的方法,考察冷却剂的温升、冷却通道压降以及推力室内壁面温度和热流密度的分布情况.重点比较了不同燃烧室圆柱段长度、冷却剂不同流动方式以及不同面积比对以上结果的影响.计算过程中采用二阶迎风格式离散控制方程.计算结果表明:采用逆流冷却时,通过加长推力室圆柱段长度使推力室受热面积增加70%后,冷却剂温升提高了一倍左右;对膨胀循环推力室进行再生冷却时,采用顺流冷却要比逆流冷却的冷却通道压降低,但同时冷却剂温升也较低,并且对喉部壁面的冷却效果较差.