以捷径法提高射线追踪效率

为改善计算效率,提出了一种捷径法对射线追踪法进行改进. 射线追踪的计算时间主要耗费在求交判断上. 通过实际计算并记录一条射线管的轨迹,作为其后若干条射线管求交计算的优先参考,避免了再次进行漫无目的的遍历式求交,从而大量减少进行实际计算的射线管数量,节省射线求交运算时间. 经编程计算验证,该优化算法能够在保证相当精度的前提下,大幅度提高射线追踪法的计算效率,具备一定的实用价值.      

多机场系统与区域经济社会发展协调度研究

为满足不断增长的航空运输需求,围绕着城市圈的多机场系统正逐步发展起来.加强多机场系统与区域经济社会发展的协调度研究,对促进两者互动良性发展具有极为重要的意义.从建立多机场系统与区域经济社会发展评价指标体系入手,运用熵权法对评价指标进行客观赋权,构建耦合协调度评价分析模型,对世界级的伦敦、纽约、巴黎、东京、上海5个多机场系统进行实例分析.研究表明,多机场系统与区域经济社会发展耦合协调越高,多机场系统对区域经济社会发展的引领和拖动作用越大,区域经济社会发展越具有活力,航空运输需求越旺盛.     

发动机谐振与箭体模态耦合稳定性及机理研究

针对发动机谐振可能与箭体弹性振动之间发生耦合共振,从而引起姿态控制系统不稳定的问题,首先将发动机谐振特性简化为一个二阶环节,建立了包含发动机谐振方程的火箭姿态动力学模型;然后分析了发动机谐振对箭体模态极点频率和阻尼比的影响,并从理论上分析了出现负阻尼比时发动机和箭体模态间的耦合共振机理,在此基础上计算了导致姿态控制系统...     

基于负刚度预载荷机构的锥形介电型EAP驱动器研究

为了便于对介电型EAP驱动器进行优化设计,针对介电型EAP驱动器进行建模是极其重要的.结合弹性大变形理论及Maxwell应力建立介电型EAP材料的机电耦合模型,分析一种可以提高驱动器性能的负刚度预载荷机构,在此基础上建立基于负刚度预载荷机构的锥形介电型EAP驱动器模型.通过对微分代数方程组的求解,分析预载荷机构对驱动器...     

高压管路透镜垫连接件结构分析

透镜垫联接件作为高压气体管路的重要零件之一,其密封性能关系到气体增压系统能否安全可靠地工作。本文通过连接结构力学分析,对透镜垫结构进行了密封计算并校核了螺栓强度;同时,采用接触非线性有限元方法进行了数值分析,得出了在不同拧紧力矩下的接触面上等效应力和变形分布情况,以及拧紧力矩和密封宽度、密封面积的对应关系。理论分析和数...     

New Insights on Geomagnetic Storms from Model Simulations Using Multi-Spacecraft Data

The forecast of the terrestrial ring current as a major contributor to the stormtime Dst index and a predictor of geomagnetic storms is of central interest to ‘space weather’ programs. We thus discuss the dynamical coupling of the solar wind to the Earth's magnetosphere during several geomagnetic storms using our ring current-atmosphere interactions model and coordinated space-borne data sets. Our model calculates the temporal and spatial evolution of H⁺, O⁺, and He⁺ ion distribution functions considering time-dependent inflow from the magnetotail, adiabatic drifts, and outflow from the dayside magnetopause. Losses due to charge exchange, Coulomb collisions, and scattering by EMIC waves are included as well. As initial and boundary conditions we use complementary data sets from spacecraft located at key regions in the inner magnetosphere, Polar and the geosynchronous LANL satellites. We present recent model simulations of the stormtime ring current energization due to the enhanced large-scale convection electric field, which show the transition from an asymmetric to a symmetric ring current during the storm and challenge the standard theories of (a) substorm-driven, and (b) symmetric ring current. Near minimum Dst there is a factor of ∼ 10 variation in the intensity of the dominant ring current ion specie with magnetic local time, its energy density reaching maximum in the premidnight to postmidnight region. We find that the O⁺ content of the ring current increases after interplanetary shocks and reaches largest values near Dst minimum; ∼ 60% of the total ring current energy was carried by O⁺ during the main phase of the 15 July 2000 storm. The effects of magnetospheric convection and losses due to collisions and wave-particle interactions on the global ring current energy balance are calculated during different storm phases and intercompared. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Solar Influences on Dynamical Coupling Between the Stratosphere and Troposphere

We use a simplified atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) to investigate the response of the lower atmosphere to thermal perturbations in the lower stratosphere. The results show that generic heating of the lower stratosphere tends to weaken the sub-tropical jets and the tropospheric mean meridional circulations. The positions of the jets, and the extent of the Hadley cells, respond to the distribution of the stratospheric heating, with low latitude heating displacing them poleward, and uniform heating displacing them equatorward. The patterns of response to the low latitude heating are similar to those found to be associated with solar variability in previous observational data analysis, and to the effects of varying solar UV radiation in sophisticated AGCMs. In order to investigate the chain of causality involved in converting the stratospheric thermal forcing to a tropospheric climate signal we conduct an experiment which uses an ensemble of model spin-ups to analyse the time development of the response to an applied stratospheric perturbation. We find that the initial effect of the change in static stability at the tropopause is to reduce the eddy momentum flux convergence in this region. This is followed by a vertical transfer of the momentum forcing anomaly by an anomalous mean circulation to the surface, where it is partly balanced by surface stress anomalies. The unbalanced part drives the evolution of the vertically integrated zonal flow. We conclude that solar heating of the stratosphere may produce changes in the circulation of the troposphere even without any direct forcing below the tropopause. We suggest that the impact of the stratospheric changes on wave propagation is key to the mechanisms involved.     

Commonalities Between Ionosphere and Chromosphere

Three types of processes, occurring in the weakly ionized plasmas of the Earth’s ionosphere as well as in the solar chromosphere, are being compared with each other. The main objective is to elaborate on the differences introduced primarily by the grossly different magnitudes of the densities, both with respect to the neutral and, even more so, to the plasma constituents. This leads to great differences in the momentum coupling from the plasma to the neutral component and becomes clear when considering the direct electric current component transverse to the magnetic field, called “Pedersen current”; in the ionosphere, which has no quasi-static counterpart in the chromosphere. The three classes of processes are related to the dynamical response of the two plasmas to energy influx from below and from above. In the first two cases, the energy is carried by waves. The third class concerns plasma erosion or ablation in the two respective regions in reaction to the injection of high Poynting and/or energetic particle fluxes.     

耦合电感对多路输出电源输出纹波的影响

输出电液脉动是多路输出电源的一个重要性能指标，而耦合电感又是影响多路输出电源输出电流动的关键部件，因此需要研究耦合电感对输出电路脉动的影响，本文以两路输出电源为例，深入分析了耦合电感对输出电流脉动的影响，首先相入简单有效的数学模型，在此基础上给出了耦合电感匝比关系的一般选取原则。然后进一步分析了耦合电感各参数对输出电流脉动的影响，并提出新的调整输出纹波的方法，实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性。     

弹性飞行器动态耦合和控制综合研究

研究弹性飞行器的动态耦合问题，首先导出了非定常气动力作用下的弹性飞行器的纵向运动方程。就简化的非定常气动力数学模型提出了分析气动弹性飞行器稳定性的影响方法，而后对弹性飞行器的动态耦合特性提出了定性的分析方法。并从有效抑制飞行器的弹性振动角度，研究了主动反馈控制、操纵面及陀螺位置的合适选择的协同设计问题。