激光-超声旋涡测量技术

综述了激光－超声旋涡测量技术的特点。详细介绍了目前国内外采用的两种实用测量技术（超声脉冲信号法和超声连续信号法）,并给出了细长三角翼和函道风扇流场的应用测量结果。     

应用双镜头三维 LDV/PDPA 系统诊断液流模型流动特性方法

在双透镜模式三维激光测速系统的基础上,提出了在测量液体模型时修正入射光聚焦变形的光程角－位移补偿法。此方法使两个入射透镜的入射光在具有多层不同性质介质的模型中保持相交,并通过位移补偿使入射光相交在同一测量平面上,得到了与入射角、介质折射率及坐标架位移有关的补偿公式。利用实时三维ＰＤＰＡ系统对旋转水流模型进行了调整和测量,实验结果证明了该方法的原理是正确的,对解决不同折射率介质的液体流场及液－固、液－气两相流等流场特性的测量中存在的问题是可行的。     

TC4激光拼焊板超塑成形试验研究

利用2kW YAG激光机,拼焊了厚度0.93mm细晶Ti6Al4V(TC4)板材,焊缝强度高于母材。焊接熔池区未出现裂纹或大的气孔,焊缝热影响区宽度约为0.3～0.4mm。在温度880℃和应变速率10-3s-1下,模拟分析了TC4激光拼焊板超塑成形过程,获得了压力时间加载曲线。对比研究了TC4激光拼焊板和其母材的超塑成形极限,结果表明:TC4激光拼焊板与TC4母材超塑成形性能无明显差别。微观组织观测显示:随着超塑变形量增大,激光拼焊过程中产生的针状α′马氏体,先转变为板条状马氏体,再因动态再结晶而破碎,同时α+β组织分数逐渐增多。     

烧结温度对氧化铝基陶瓷型壳显微组织及力学行为的影响

采用选择性激光烧结(selective laser sintering,SLS)快速制备高温合金叶片用氧化铝基陶瓷型壳初坯,并结合高温烧结(high-temperature sintering)进一步提高陶瓷型壳的力学性能。研究不同烧结温度(1450～1600℃)对氧化铝基陶瓷型壳的抗弯强度的影响,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析型壳的物相组成、断口微观形貌。结果表明:采用选择性激光烧结+高温烧结技术可快速高效地制备力学性能满足要求的陶瓷型壳,随着烧结温度从1450℃升高到1600℃,型壳的室温平均抗弯强度增大,并在1600℃时达到38.03 MPa;型壳的主要强化相为柱状莫来石相,且随烧结温度升高,型壳中莫来石相含量增加,石英相含量降低,方石英相含量先增加后有所降低;裂纹扩展形式从缓慢扩展转变为迅速扩展并引发瞬断,断口由撕裂状演变为平齐小断面,断裂方式由主要沿晶断裂向穿晶断裂转变,裂纹倾向于向晶内莫来石扩展。     

准分子激光表面处理对CFRP胶接强度的影响

采用准分子激光表面处理技术用于碳纤维复合材料胶接面的预处理,通过对照试验、显微镜观察研究了表面处理方式、处理后清洗方式对胶接强度和离散系数的影响。结果表明:准分子激光表面预处理技术用于处理碳纤维复合材料胶接表面能明显提高其胶接强度,与砂纸打磨处理试片的胶接强度相当,但采用准分子激光处理的试片的胶接强度离散系数相对较小。     

Post-Newtonian tracking formulae to increase the shooting accuracy of autonomous LEO laser trackers

We introduce five post-Newtonian tracking formulae that would allow increasing the accuracy of the shooting systems on board autonomous LEO laser trackers. These formulae should be used when the current formulae cannot provide instants close enough to the optimal instants at which the trackers could safely shoot down unwished LEO middle-distant targets. In fact, they allow the trackers to produce not only the safest shooting actions, but also the most efficient ablations that might make the targets fall into the atmosphere for them to burn. The fact of the matter is in the falsifiability procedure introduced below, which allows to simulate sequences of unharming shooting actions with very narrow laser beams leading to identify the optimal pointing directions to previously selected debris objects whose size and composition are representative of these targets.     

Attitude analysis of space debris using SLR and light curve data measured with single-photon detector

Attitude is the important parameter for active debris removal and collision avoidance. This paper deduced the spin axis orientation and spin period of the rocket body, CZ-3B R/B (NORAD ID 38253), using the satellite laser ranging and light curve data measured with single-photon detector at Graz station. The epoch method and LC & SLR residuals fitting were combined to determine these values. The derived right ascension angle was around 220°, the declination angle was near 64° and the sidereal period was calculated to be 117.724 s, for 2017-07-03. The results derived from the two distinct methods were mutually validated. Rocket bodies are a major contributor to space debris and this work provides a reference for attitude determination and attitude modelling.     

基于伪随机码相位调制和外差探测的高精度激光测速测距系统研究

为在远距离范围内实现高精度的激光测速测距，提出了一种联合利用伪随机码相位调制和外差探测技术的激光测速测距方法，并搭建了实验验证平台。当激光出射功率为2mW、参考光功率为117 、调制速率为100MHz、单周期内伪随机码序列长度为81.9 时，该系统在对位于约8 m处、径向速度约为1.4 m/s的目标进行测试时，可以实现0.138m的测距精度，以及4.16cm/s 的测速精度。实验结果证实，该套系统可实现高精度的径向速度和距离测量，且系统工作状态为长脉宽低峰值功率，为远距离的激光测速测距系统设计开辟了一条新途径。     

激光器匹配驱动的色散渐变线分析

论述了采用渐变线阻抗变换器对半导体激光器进行匹配驱动时,当考虑渐变线色散影响情况的分析。给出了色散影响的概念、时域的分析计算方法及对三角形、指数形及切比雪夫渐变线的计算结果和分析。