Z11直升机自转着陆试飞

通过对Z11直升机自转特性及自转着陆的试飞，研究了在自转着陆的进场着陆阶段，如何使旋翼能够提供最大的拉力，减小下降率，使直升机以低于起落架设计允许的最大下降率进行自转着陆，从而保证直 同和驾驶员的安全。最后分析探讨了Z11直升机空中停车后处置的驾驶技术及操纵要领。可供有关研究人员和直升机飞行员参考。     

Preparation of Porous Silica Ceramics with Low Dielectric Constant

Porous silica ceramics has been prepared with the starch consolidation casting method. Slurries with various fractions of starch added in were prepared by ball-milling. The evaluation of the microstructures was done through two techniques: Hg porosimetry and SEM investigation. The bending strength of the sintered samples varied within the range of 10 MPa-20 MPa and the low dielectric con-stant within the range of 2.0-2.4 correspondent with the porosity of 42%-56%. The ceramics holds a brilliant promise of being a kind of core material used in sandwich-like electromagnetic windows.     

雷电地面电场分布的3维 DBM模型仿真参数影响分析

采用荷电圆盘雷云解析模型作激励源,利用电介质击穿模型进行了地闪先导放电高分辨力3维数值模拟,得到了先导近地500 m时概率指数和击穿发展阈值对地面电场分布的影响。通过计算机模拟,得到了概率指数η和击穿阈值Ecrit对地面电场分布的影响,同时也验证了这2个参数对建立放电模型的重要性,为通过这一模型进行任意雷电发生时的地面电场分布模拟奠定了基础。     

合理规划利用土地 保护农村新发展——新民居建设中土地整理利用现状调查分析

土地整理和利用是新民居建设中的重要工作点,对新民居建设以及社会主义新农村建设的深入推进具有重要影响。本研究通过对河北省廊坊市新民居建设中土地整理利用工作开展调查,分析当前现状及存在问题,探讨如何合理规划利用土地,切实推进新民居建设。     

Selection of classification techniques for land use/land cover change investigation

The concerns over land use/land cover (LULC) change have emerged on the global stage due to the realisation that changes occurring on the land surface also influence climate, ecosystem and its services. As a result, the importance of accurate mapping of LULC and its changes over time is on the increase. Landsat satellite is a major data source for regional to global LULC analysis. The main objective of this study focuses on the comparison of three classification tools for Landsat images, which are maximum likelihood classification (MLC), support vector machine and artificial neural network (ANN), in order to select the best method among them. The classifiers algorithms are well optimized for the gamma, penalty, degree of polynomial in case of SVM, while for ANN minimum output activation threshold and RMSE are taken into account. The overall analysis shows that the ANN is superior to the kernel based SVM (linear, radial based, sigmoid and polynomial) and MLC. The best tool (ANN) is then applied on detecting the LULC change over part of Walnut Creek, Iowa. The change analysis of the multi temporal images indicates an increase in urban areas and a major shift in the agricultural practices.     

Vertical crustal motion derived from satellite altimetry and tide gauges,and comparisons with DORIS measurements

A somewhat unorthodox method for determining vertical crustal motion at a tide-gauge location is to difference the sea level time series with an equivalent time series determined from satellite altimetry. To the extent that both instruments measure an identical ocean signal, the difference will be dominated by vertical land motion at the gauge. We revisit this technique by analyzing sea level signals at 28 tide gauges that are colocated with DORIS geodetic stations. Comparisons of altimeter-gauge vertical rates with DORIS rates yield a median difference of 1.8 mm yr⁻¹ and a weighted root-mean-square difference of 2.7 mm yr⁻¹. The latter suggests that our uncertainty estimates, which are primarily based on an assumed AR(1) noise process in all time series, underestimates the true errors. Several sources of additional error are discussed, including possible scale errors in the terrestrial reference frame to which altimeter-gauge rates are mostly insensitive. One of our stations, Malè, Maldives, which has been the subject of some uninformed arguments about sea-level rise, is found to have almost no vertical motion, and thus is vulnerable to rising sea levels.     

基于自适应滤波的车载DR系统研究

ＧＰＳ／ＤＲ组合系统是一种低成本、高可靠性的车载导航设备ＤＲ（Ｄｅａｄ ｒｅｃｋｏｎｉｎｇ）是其最重要的组成部分。文中分析研究了ＤＲ自适应卡尔曼滤波模型及其滤波算法,设计了基于自适应滤波的车载ＤＲ系统,描述了系统的结构。实际跑车结果表明,采用机动加速度均值和方差的自适应滤波算法,可以大大提高系统的动态跟踪能力,特别是在车辆做大机动行驶时,跟踪效果尤为明显。     

土壤有机碳对土地利用方式变化的响应

以重庆市北碚区5种土地利用方式为研究对象,研究了土壤剖面有机碳和有机碳密度对土地利用方式变化的响应.结果表明：（1）土壤有机碳平均含量的多少顺序表现为水田变菜地,旱地变菜地,水田变果园,水田变旱地,旱地变果园;（2）水田变旱地、旱地变为果园后有机碳含量呈降低趋势,而旱地变为菜地后有机碳含量呈增加的趋势;（3）表层（020cm）土壤有机碳密度大小顺序表现为旱地变菜地,水田变菜地,水田变果园,旱地变果园,水田变旱地;而2060cm厚度土壤有机碳密度表现为变化前为水田的土壤有机碳密度大于变化前为旱地的土壤有机碳密度.     

利用HJ-1B星热红外遥感图像研究城市热岛效应

文章针对中国HJ-1B("环境一号"B)星热红外数据特点,以现有单通道地表温度反演算法为基础,开展HJ-1B星热红外数据的地表温度反演算法研究,并利用HJ-1B星热红外遥感温度图像研究北京热岛效应,对北京城区热岛在空间上的分布及其可能的成因作了相应分析。结果表明:随着城市化的发展,北京市热岛效应日益严重,地表温度分布与归一化植被指数(NDVI)相关性明显,文章得到的HJ-1B星热红外地表温度反演方法可以很好的用于城市热岛效应的监测分析。     

我国城乡居民收入差距的成因与对策

改革开放以来，我国城乡居民在收入水平提高的同时，收入差距也明显扩大。基尼系数作为衡量全国收入差异的重要指标，对衡量城乡收入差异并不适用。采用城乡居民收入、消费以及恩格尔系数的数据历史地考察城乡居民收入水平、消费水平及消费结构的差异，认为城乡分割的户籍制度、产权不对等的土地制度、不平等的福利制度及带有单边垄断特征的劳动力市场是导致城乡差距的深层原因。解决上述制度不合理问题、创造公平竞争的市场环境、增强农民自生能力是解决城乡差距的根本出路。