内转式进气道/冯·卡门乘波体一体化设计方法

应用特征线理论设计了内转式轴对称基准流场以及外压缩轴对称基准流场,利用激波交线、流线追踪方法等相关技术提出了一种头部进气式的高超声速飞行器内转式进气道/冯·卡门乘波体一体化设计方法,并对生成的一体化构型进行了数值模拟及分析,数值结果验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。该一体化设计方法基本保留了内转式进气道的优良特性,并以高升阻比乘波体为原型构建较高升阻比的一体化构型,从流场耦合的角度出发为减弱机体与进气道之间复杂的波系干扰,实现飞行器内外流的完全耦合进行了探索。     

Characteristics of Disorder and Defect in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Nitride Thin Films Containing Silicon Nanograins

The hydrogenated amorphous silicon nitride (SiNx) thin films embedded with nano-structural silicon were prepared and the micro-structures at the interface of silicon nano-grains/SiNx were identified by the optical absorption and Raman scattering measurements. Characterized by the exponential tail of optical absorption and the band-width of the Raman scattering TO mode, the disorder in the interface region increases with the gas flow ratio increasing. Besides, as reflected by the sub-gap absorption coefficients, the density of interface defect states decreases, which can be attributed to the structural mismatch in the interface region and also the changes of hy-drogen content in the deposited films. Additional annealing treatment results in a significant increase of defects and degree of disorder, for which the hydrogen out-diffusion in the annealing process would be responsible.     

两级喷管喉径比对燃气蒸汽弹射参数的影响

针对两级喷管不同的喉径比参数,建立了耦合弹体运动和气液多相汽化的多相流模型,研究改变喉径比对燃气蒸汽弹射流场参数、弹射装置载荷和弹体内弹道的影响。结果表明:在一定范围内增大或者减小喉径比,均会导致弹射装置流场参数和发射稳定性变差。当喉径比增加过多时,将不能建立满足工作条件的喷水压差;喉径比过小时,激波上移最终会导致燃气发生器工作异常。喉径比为1.46时,尾罩压强差最小,发射稳定性能最优,温度最大值控制在设计值800K内,内弹道参数均满足设计要求。      

组合体航天器智能协同姿态控制研究

组合体航天器在姿态机动过程中的各单体卫星承受的控制力是不均匀的,局部控制力过大将会导致组合链接断裂而失效。应用多体动力学理论建立了组合体航天器间的相互作用模型,对内力、内力矩与整星姿态、控制力矩之间的关系进行了分析;仿真了极端情况下的内力矩分布,其大小可能超过常用对接机构的力矩承受范围;采用粒子群算(PSO)法对控制合力矩进行优化分配,通过预设初值和继承初值来加快PSO算法的收敛速度,实时调整各星控制力矩分配比例,减小星间相互作用力,实现组合体航天器的智能协同控制,保证组合体航天器的连接铰不因受力过大而损坏。算法仿真和Adams软件验证分析表明,本文建立的相互作用模型可准确计算出星间相互作用力,提出的智能协同姿控算法可显著降低姿控过程中的星间内力,确保组合体航天器的安全。     

球面渐开线和圆锥齿轮齿形的动态显示与图形分析

 用计算机图学技术,实现了球面渐开线生成过程的动态显示和图解,有助于建立关于球面渐开线和圆锥齿轮齿形的清晰而准确的概念,并为解决内齿圆锥齿轮齿形加工问题提供了理论上的依据。球面渐开线齿形的四组特性算图,是设计圆锥齿轮时的有效工具 提出了一种新的圆锥齿轮背锥上理论齿形的精确算法,指出“当量圆柱齿轮”算法所带来的误差是不可忽略的。     

飞机的应力腐蚀与防护

应力腐蚀代表着最重要的腐蚀问题之一，它对飞机的使用寿命和飞行安全影响最甚。本文较详尽地阐述了此种腐蚀的形成条件和腐蚀过程，并利用电化学腐蚀与腐蚀控制原理逐一探讨各影响因素的防止措施，以达到延长飞机寿命和确保飞行安全的目的。     

Design and optimization of solid rocket motor Finocyl grain using simulated annealing

The research effort outlined the application of a computer aided design(CAD)-centric technique to the design and optimization of solid rocket motor Finocyl(fin in cylinder) grain using simulated annealing.The proper method for constructing the grain configuration model,ballistic performance and optimizer integration for analysis was presented.Finocyl is a complex grain configuration,requiring thirteen variables to define the geometry.The large number of variables not only complicates the geometrical construction but also optimization process.CAD representation encapsulates all of the geometric entities pertinent to the grain design in a parametric way,allowing manipulation of grain entity(web),performing regression and automating geometrical data calculations.Robustness to avoid local minima and efficient capacity to explore design space makes simulated annealing an attractive choice as optimizer.It is demonstrated with a constrained optimization of Finocyl grain geometry for homogeneous,isotropic propellant,uniform regression,and a quasi-steady,bulk mode internal ballistics model that maximizes average thrust for required deviations from neutrality.     

Suppression of Surface Burn in Grinding of Titanium Alloy TC4 Using a Self-inhaling Internal Cooling Wheel

Based on analysis of surface average temperature and burn degree, this article obtains the threshold temperature of surface burn in grinding titanium alloy with cup wheels. Meanwhile, the impact of the burn degree on the metallographic structure of workpiece surface and metallurgical phase transformations is investigated. In order to reduce the grinding temperature and improve the grinding efficiency, a self-inhaling structure cup segmented wheel is developed to generate internal cooling effect. The internal cooling technology is compared with traditional cooling conditions in the grinding experiments on TC4 (Ti-6Al-4V). The results indicate that the self-inhaling internal cooling wheel can reduce the grinding surface temperature by 30% or more, and the grinding efficiency doubles. Utilizing water-based semi-synthetic coolant, the segmented wheel with the self-inhaling structure can further reduce the grinding temperature by about 50%.     

真空应用电火花点火的氢氧发动机设计与试验

为研究某大推力氢氧发动机真空羽流效应,设计采用火炬点火方式的60N缩比氢氧发动机.通过球头密封声速喷嘴组件控制流量,使真空下每个声速喷嘴组件减少3个密封面.进行真空点火方案设计,从理论上证明电火花点火的可行性.设计试验系统并进行地面及真空环境下的热试车,试车结果表明:燃烧室压力达到额定压力为0.6MPa时,发动机热防护结构良好,试验系统设计合理,真空电火花点火方案可行,为进行真空羽流效应研究奠定基础.      

边界层抽吸效应对分布式推进系统气动性能影响数值研究

为探究边界层抽吸（BLI）效应对飞机的气动性能影响,采用基于沿流线体积力模型的飞机/发动机一体化数值模拟方法对某分布式推进系统进行了计算和分析。结果显示,BLI效应主要影响飞机中心体部分及发动机外整流罩的气体流动,对翼身融合体（BWB）的融合段及外翼段的升阻力影响较小。保持飞行条件和飞行攻角不变,飞机的升、阻力系数均随着无量纲化的发动机流量增加而增大,存在最佳无量纲化的发动机流量对应最大升阻比。发动机的安装位置直接影响机身表面的局部超声区和整流罩外的激波分布,布局在机身尾缘处会获得更好的升阻比,最大升阻比对应的无量纲化的发动机流量为0.65。