Pd-Co-Ni-V钎料钎焊SiC陶瓷的接头组织及性能

采用座滴法研究了PdCo合金及PdCo-V合金对SiC陶瓷的润湿性.设计的PdCo-(4～20)V-(2～4)Ni-Si-B钎料可用于SiC的连接,在1463 K,1493 K两个温度,保温时间均为10 min的连接条件下得到的接头室温三点弯曲强度分别为52.0 MPa和56.8 MPa.微观分析表明,接头中在紧靠SiC的界面交叉分布着Pd2Si相与CoSi (或Co2Si) 石墨的混合相,而元素V只在接头的中央富集,形成了弥散分布的V2C相.     

SHS法反应合成Al3Ti/Al复合材料的研究

通过将5Al-Ti体系混合粉末预制块在一定温度下预热,原位制备出Al3Ti/Al复合材料,并探讨了其生成机理和影响因素.研究发现:Al粉和Ti粉混合预热生成Al3Ti是由Al粉的熔化诱导;在高于热爆起始温度下预热时,Al3Ti直接以热爆反应机制生成;在低于热爆起始温度下预热时,Al3Ti按扩散-热爆反应机制生成.预热温度、Ti粉粒度及冷却速度是影响材料组织性能的关键因素.通过适当工艺制备出具有性能优异的Al3Ti/Al复合材料,其硬度是铝基体的3.6倍,耐磨性高.     

离解反应速率常数中的方位因素

以碰撞理论为基础探讨了结构方位因素对离解反应速率常数的影响,建立了计及方位特征的离解反应模型,计算对比了热平衡假设下空气中几个典型的离解反应的Arrhenius图.结果表明,在所选实例中,除了反应N₂+N和O₂+O外,考虑方位因素后确实能够更好地理论估算出反应速率常数.对上述例外文中做了一定的讨论.     

电子束固化环氧树脂的引发和增长反应速率

对二苯基碘 鎓 六氟磷酸盐引发的环氧树脂电子束(EB)辐射固化反应动力学进行了研究,应用环氧树脂乙腈溶液推导出引发剂辐射分解速率常数和引发、增长反应速率.动力学研究结果表明,二苯基碘 鎓六氟磷酸盐引发剂经电子束辐射分解产生质子酸的过程是二级反应,在辐射反应过程中,环氧树脂体系的引发速率和增长速率分别迅速达到最大值后逐渐减小.      

An integrated graphic–taxonomic–associative approach to analyze human factors in aviation accidents

Human factors are critical causes of modern aviation accidents. However, existing accident analysis methods encounter limitations in addressing aviation human factors, especially in complex accident scenarios. The existing graphic approaches are effective for describing accident mechanisms within various categories of human factors, but cannot simultaneously describe inadequate human–aircraft–environment interactions and organizational deficiencies effectively, and highly depend on analysts' skills and experiences. Moreover, the existing methods do not emphasize latent unsafe factors outside accidents. This paper focuses on the above three limitations and proposes an integrated graphic–taxonomic–associative approach. A new graphic model named accident tree(AcciTree), with a two-mode structure and a reaction-based concept, is developed for accident modeling and safety defense identification. The AcciTree model is then integrated with the well-established human factors analysis and classification system(HFACS) to enhance both reliability of the graphic part and logicality of the taxonomic part for improving completeness of analysis. An associative hazard analysis technique is further put forward to extend analysis to factors outside accidents, to form extended safety requirements for proactive accident prevention. Two crash examples, a research flight demonstrator by our team and an industrial unmanned aircraft, illustrate that the integrated approach is effective for identifying more unsafe factors and safety requirements.     

果皮富氧气化的动力学研究

利用小型固定床式气化炉对果皮进行富氧气化的实验，本文采用均相反应气化模型详细介绍了果皮富氧气化的表征动力学模型的建立，求得了果皮富氧气化的动力学参数。最后比较发现氧气作气化剂时的动力学参数小于二氧化碳作气化剂时的参数，相对来讲采用富氧气化效果优于二氧化碳。     

金属/水反应冲压发动机理论性能计算与分析

基于水与金属燃料反应的水冲压发动机是一种新型的水下动力装置。为了研究水下冲压发动机的基本性能，在简述热力计算原理的基础上，以含铝贫氧推进剂为例对燃气发生器式水冲压发动机、以铝金属燃料为例对漩流式水冲压发动机进行了不同工作状态下的热力计算，得出了发动机比冲与水燃比、工作压强等之间的定性关系。     

硅橡胶基绝热材料高温热行为研究

采用高温管式炉在惰性气氛下研究了硅橡胶基绝热材料在1 073～1 873 K的热行为,利用X射线衍射和红外光谱等手段探索了高温固相残余物的产生历程和碳化硅的生成机制,采用热重-差热联用表征了高温固相残余物的热氧化性能。研究结果表明,随着处理温度升高,硅橡胶基绝热材料的固相残余物逐渐向高温陶瓷转化,其热稳定性和耐氧化性相应提高;硅橡胶基体在1 073 K已分解完毕,其固相残余物为碳、硅氧碳化物和SiO2等;随温度上升,有机碳向更加耐氧化的无机碳转变;硅氧碳化物随温度升高向碳化硅转化;气相SiO2高温下由无定型转化为方石英晶体,并与碳发生碳热反应生成碳化硅。     

SLUCUBE: Innovative high performance nanosatellite science and technology demonstration mission

The Space Systems Research Laboratory (SSRL) at Saint Louis University is developing SLUCUBE nanosatellite as part of the space mission design program. The objective of the mission is to demonstrate space capability of high performance nanosatellite components that has been developed at SSRL for the past three years. The objective of the program is to provide extremely low-cost and rapid access to space for scientists and commercial exploitation using commercial-off-the-shelf components. SLUCUBE is a double CubeSat with dimensions 10×10×20 cm and a mass of 2 kg. This nanosatellite features suite of technology demonstration components to enlarge the capability of space mission for such class of spacecrafts. The primary mission of SLUCUBE is to test and demonstrate several enabling technologies by flying a number of university developed high performance components. This paper describes the new developed technologies by providing details of specific components developed along with the R&D efforts and laboratory facilities. A brief discussion about the student involvement and educational benefits will also be presented.     

制备方法对Al/Fe2 O3纳米铝热剂储存性能的影响

利用SEM、XRD和DSC研究了制备方法对Al/Fe2 O3纳米铝热剂储存性能的影响。结果表明,超声共混法制备的纳米铝热剂放置60 d后,活性铝的平均粒径减小4 nm,使得铝热反应放热量降低13%,之后趋于稳定;机械球磨法制备的纳米铝热剂放置7 d后,活性铝平均粒径减小3 nm,120 d之后,缓慢减小至57.8 nm,活性铝的减少使得铝热反应放热量损失高达16%,;溶胶-凝胶法所制备的纳米铝热剂储存120 d后,活性铝平均粒径减小仅1 nm,明显地减缓了纳米铝粉的氧化,放热量损失仅为6%,并保持稳定。