航天器表面材料充电性能研究—关于RTV-Ⅱ和13-17涂层的评价

本文报道了RTV-Ⅱ黑漆和13-17白色涂层二种航天器温控材料的电导在综合空间环境条件下的实验结果。实验表明RTV-Ⅱ涂层材料的电导从1984年到1986年,几乎每年下降一个量级,因而充电状态明显改变。13-17涂层材料的电导对空间真空环境响应不明显,但对电子辐照和光辐照响应显著,尤其对光辐照存在强烈的记忆效应。预测该涂层在轨道上由光照区进入星蚀区也不会出现明显充电现象。     

Microstructure and Properties of Low-pressure Cold Sprayed Al-based Composite Coatings on Magnesium Alloy Surface

Pure Al and Al-30% Al2O3 composite coatings are prepared on the surface of AZ31B magnesium alloy by low-pressure cold spraying. The morphology and structure of the coatings are analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the effects of the addition of Al2O3 on the microstructure of the Al-based coatings are discussed. The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the coatings are fully evaluated by the micro-hardness tester, electronic tensile machine, and electrochemical workstation. The results show that the coating structure is more uniform and denser, and the porosity is significantly reduced after the addition of Al2O3. The interfaces between the coatings and the magnesium alloy substrate are distinct, and the coatings and the substrate are mechanically combined. Compared with the pure Al coating, the microhardness of the Al-Al2O3 composite coating is increased to 61.1 HV0.2, and the bonding strength reaches above 53.1 MPa. The self-corrosion potential of the two coatings is higher than that of the magnesium alloy, and the self-corrosion current density is significantly lower than that of the magnesium alloy substrate. The Al-based coatings prepared by low-pressure cold spraying have high hardness, good bonding strength, and good corrosion resistance, which can be used for the repair and protection of magnesium alloy structural parts.     

Optimization and improvement of ac resistance calculation method for multi-phase parallel-wiring cables

Parallel-wiring cables are often used in multi-phase AC aircraft Electrical Power Systems(EPSs). However, it complicates the ac resistance estimation. To solve this issue, an analytical resistance calculation method for parallel-wiring cables in multi-phase EPS was proposed. Firstly, the existing calculation formula of proximity factor was optimized, and the calculation error was reduced from 16% to 2% when two conductors are close to each other. Afterwards, the superposition effect on current d...     

平抑风电场功率波动的复合储能系统控制策略

随着风力发电所占发电比例的上升,其随机性、波动性及间歇性对电网的影响不可忽视。基于超级电容和蓄电池组成的复合储能系统,提出了一种用于抑制风电功率波动的自适应复合储能控制策略,通过引入超级电容荷电状态反馈来实施对低通/高通滤波器时间常数的控制,在完成对风电波动功率平抑的同时,合理分配平抑功率,避免超级电容过充过放。最后通过仿真,针对春夏秋冬不同时间窗口下的功率波动进行平抑,验证了所提自适应控制策略的有效性。     

石墨烯/二氧化硅三维杂化材料的制备及其在改性酚醛泡沫中的应用

为了得到结构和力学性能良好的酚醛泡沫,利用原位生成的方法制备了石墨烯/二氧化硅(GNPs/SiO_2)杂化材料,并将其用于酚醛泡沫的制备当中。对杂化材料进行了红外光谱分析,透射电镜以及X射线衍射分析,验证了石墨烯表面SiO_2球体(粒径在150~180 nm)的存在。对泡沫的结构和压缩性能进行对比分析,发现三维杂化材料相比二维石墨烯能够更好的改善酚醛泡沫的泡孔结构,杂化材料为0.5wt%时,GNPs/SiO_2改性酚醛泡沫的泡孔尺寸更小,结构更均匀;同时杂化材料改性酚醛泡沫表现出更优异的力学性能,其压缩强度和弹性模量分别达到0.22和4.1 MPa,比纯酚醛泡沫分别提高了91%和86%。     

表面活性剂类型和用量对闭孔三聚氰胺泡沫的影响

研究吐温80和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)两种类型表面活性剂及SDBS用量对闭孔三聚氰胺泡沫的影响。用三聚氰胺、甲醛合成三聚氰胺树脂,并制备泡沫样品进行测试。树脂表面张力测试结果显示相同用量下,相比于吐温80,SDBS使树脂表面张力更小,且随着SDBS用量增加,树脂张力呈现先减小后不变的趋势。SEM、力学性能测试分析结果显示,表面活性剂用量为3%时,相比于吐温80,SDBS制得泡沫孔径小且均匀。随着SDBS用量增加,泡沫孔径减小,均匀度先提高后降低,泡壁膜撕裂严重。受泡沫结构影响,SDBS用量为3%时,泡沫的压缩性能最好。     

Mo含量对Mo-Ni-B堆焊合金组织和性能的影响

设计制备了Mo-Ni-B系合金粉块新材料,采用TIG堆焊工艺在Q235钢基体上制备Ni基三元硼化物堆焊合金。研究了合金粉块中Mo含量对三元硼化物堆焊合金层组织、物相、硬度、耐磨性、耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,堆焊金属主要由三元硼化物Mo2M’B2、Mo Ni4、Mo5(B、Si)3、γ-(Fe,Ni,Mo,Cr)等相组成;Mo含量对堆焊合金的显微组织有较大影响;随着合金粉块中Mo含量的增加,堆焊合金和三元硼化物的显微硬度均明显下降;在所研究堆焊合金中,Mo 44.18%的耐蚀性最好,Mo 37.53%的堆焊合金的耐磨性能是Q235钢的27.7倍。     

TC4-DT钛合金线性摩擦焊接头组织和力学性能分析

针对飞机用典型的TC4-DT钛合金线性摩擦焊接头,开展组织及接头的拉伸、冲击和低周疲劳等力学性能测试。结果表明:TC4-DT钛合金线性摩擦焊接头经过700℃+保温3h的热处理后,接头的室温和高温抗拉强度达到母材的97%以上,室温和低温冲击性能略高于母材,室温低周疲劳性能与母材相当,具有良好的综合力学性能。     

基于试验数据识别的金属橡胶有限元仿真方法

金属橡胶工程应用分析常需要1种可以与商用有限元软件相结合,适用于复杂结构设计的快捷数值仿真方法。针对金属橡胶的有限元仿真问题,基于ANSYS软件,发展了基于试验数据识别的横向各向同性材料参数确定方法,并采用循环加载、模型更新的方法,实现了金属橡胶材料受压过程非线性力学特性的仿真计算。结果表明:该方法对立方体件在无约束状态下受压过程进行模拟时,相对误差在10%之内;安装约束使其刚度增大,仿真与试验结果相比规律吻合,刚度的误差在30%之内;环形金属橡胶件在径向受压时,仿真与试验测得刚度的相对误差在25%之内。     

相控阵主动雷达导引头波形策略

针对高脉冲重复频率脉冲多普勒(HPRF-PD)体制的相控阵主动雷达导引头中存在的距离遮挡问题,设计了一种新的波形选择策略。首先,利用提出的脉冲重复频率(PRF)波形选择策略,离线计算得到距离对应PRF的波形查找表。然后,通过叉积自动频率控制环路滤波(CPAFCLF)算法预估下个相参处理间隔(CPI)导引头与目标间的径向相对速度,并联合提出的基于Sage-Husa带有速度预测的自适应"当前"统计模型(SH-ACSMVP)算法得到的距离跟踪值,获得下个CPI的距离预测值。在跟踪机动目标场景中,相比于"当前"统计(CS)模型跟踪算法及基于"当前"统计模型的自适应无迹卡尔曼滤波(CAUKF)算法,本文算法得到的距离预测误差更小,误差收敛速度更快。根据此距离预测值从波形查找表中选择波形发射,作为下个CPI的发射波形,实现后续跟踪阶段的抗距离遮挡,提高目标跟踪性能。仿真结果表明了本文所设计波形选择策略的正确性及有效性。