低温点源黑体关键技术及国内外发展现状

文章分析了低温点源黑体设备研制中的几项关键技术,包括3种常见发射腔腔形的特点,腔体发射率的计算方法,以及热管,恒温浴和液氮电加热3种恒温方式的原理和技术特性;比较了国内外典型低温黑体设备、产品的性能指标;并简述低温点源黑体设备在红外定标试验中的原理和应用.最后总结出现阶段低温点源黑体的发展水平以及未来的研究重点.     

Imaging spectroscopy of the Venus 1.27-μm O2 airglow with ground-based telescopes

Several ground-based observations of the Venus 1.27-μm O₂ airglow were carried out from 2002 to 2005. Spectral image cubes were taken with the Okayama Astrophysical Observatory/infrared imaging spectrometer (superOASIS), the Gunma Astronomical Observatory/Cassegrain Near-Infrared Camera and NASA’s Infrared Telescope Facility/cryogenic echelle spectrograph (CSHELL). The brightest airglow features were found at around the anti-solar point, which is in agreement with previous studies. We derived the rotational temperature distributions on the nightside hemisphere from observed airglow spectra. The temperature shows a weak positive correlation with the airglow intensity. The result indicates the bright region is heated chemically and/or dynamically, and supports the existing scenario for the Venus O₂ airglow. That is, the airglow is excited by the descending oxygen transported from the dayside.     

用双线阵CCD实现高准确度微孔自动测量

介绍了一种使用线阵CCD自动测量微小圆孔参数的方法。基于微小圆孔的夫琅和费衍射原理 ,使用正交线阵CCD实现了对微孔的直径和圆度误差的二维参数的自动测量。     

复杂目标红外辐射特性大数据知识表示及建模方法

为了提升复杂目标红外辐射特性建模效率及置信度问题，提出一种目标红外辐射特性的大数据知识表示及建模方法。首先利用机理分析法、主成分分析法确定目标红外辐射特性大数据维度;然后基于主成分分析的结果，进行目标红外辐射特性大数据知识表示，建立目标红外辐射特性仿真模型;最后进行模型的仿真应用，在应用过程中进一步完善目标红外辐射特性数据或知识表示。本文提供的大数据驱动的目标红外辐射特征建模方法，能够推广应用于复杂电磁环境的仿真。     

燃油加温系统的设计和研制

简要介绍了SB101高空台燃油加温系统的用途、设计方案、设计技术要求、工作原理、主要设备和调试结果。     

The European Large Area ISO Survey

The European Large Area ISO Survey (ELAIS) was the largest Open Time survey on the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). It was designed to explore obscured galaxies and hence quantify the recent star-formation history of the Universe. The final reanalysis of the data has been completed and a band-merged catalogue with associations across many wavelengths compiled and released the data to the global astronomical community (http://astro.imperial.ac.uk/Elais/). This paper summarises some of the key results. Based on observations with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom), and with the participation of ISAS and NASA.     

Climatology of extreme upper atmospheric heating events

We use a trio of empirical models to estimate the relative contributions of solar extreme ultraviolet heating, Joule heating and particle heating to the global energy budget of the earth’s upper atmosphere. Daily power values are derived from the models for the three heat sources. The SOLAR2000 solar irradiance specification model provides estimates of the daily extreme EUV solar power input. Geomagnetic power comes from a combination of satellite-derived electron precipitation power and an empirical model of Joule power derived from hemispherically integrated estimates of high-latitude heating, which we discuss in this paper. From 1975 to mid-2002, the average daily contributions were electrons: 51 GW, Joule: 95 GW and solar: 784 GW. Joule and particle heating combine to provide more than 17% of the total global upper atmospheric heating. For the top 10% and 1% of heating events, contributions rise to 20% and 25%, respectively. In the top 15 heating events, geomagnetic power contributed more than 50% of the total power budget. During three events, the Joule power alone exceeded solar power.     

多波束及其在无人机上的应用

分析了现代作战环境下无人机面临的新威胁。介绍了多波束技术的原理和特点,分析了多波束干扰机对这些威胁的适应能力,包括对有源相控阵雷达的适应能力和多目标干扰能力。最后分析了多波束技术在无人机平台上的应用。     

轴对称矢量喷管的气膜冷却及红外辐射耦合计算分析

为考察喷管壁面气膜冷却以及红外辐射特性对高性能航空发动机壁温分布的影响,对燃气红外波带的光谱特性采用窄波段模型计算,对壁面-燃气辐射采用封闭腔模型计算,对喷管收敛段的气膜冷却采用绝热温比计算。对于包含喷管壁面、隔热屏、套筒的多层结构传热建立壁温-热流耦合的热平衡方程,用Newt on-Raphson求解得到喷管及内外结构的壁温。对NASA TN D-1988中试验台架发动机喷管扩张段的气膜冷却及壁温进行验证计算,并详细计算了收敛段采用多排缝槽气膜冷却的轴对称矢量喷管。结果表明:气膜冷却有效降低了喷管收敛段的壁温,使得喷管扩张段成为受热严峻的部位;扩张段偏转改变了扩张段壁面温度和红外辐射的圆周分布,沿偏转方向的壁温和红外辐射都明显低于偏转反方向的,2个方向上的平均壁温相差约4.8%,喷管在后半球的辐射沿偏转方向增强。数值模拟结果与试验测量值吻合良好,可用于发动机喷管壁温分布精确计算。     

基于VLBI的上行组阵标校技术研究

天线组阵能否完全替代大口径天线有一个关键性难题,就是天线阵是否支持上行链路组阵。深空航天器无法将不同地面天线的上行信号对齐,所以上行链路信号的调整必须在地面完成。针对上行组阵发射机相位调整问题,提出一种基于VLBI(Very Long Baseline Interferometry,甚长基线干涉测量)技术的接收模式天线上行组阵标校方案,并对标校精度进行了简要分析。将上行链路时延分解为几何时延和发射系统时延,建立了几何时延模型,通过标定接收时延和发射时延,便可以得到天线阵元间的相位标校值。理论分析结果表明,该方案具有一定的可行性,对上行组阵相位标校的研究具有一定的借鉴意义。