热处理对AZ80镁合金疲劳性能的影响

通过对AZ80镁合金进行总应变幅控制下的室温低周疲劳实验,研究其在热锻、时效态(T5)、固溶时效态(T6)三种不同热处理状态下的循环应力响应、疲劳寿命和循环应力-应变行为。结果表明:在三种不同的热处理制度下,AZ80镁合金大体上都表现为循环应变硬化现象;此外,AZ80镁合金的应变疲劳寿命与塑性应变幅、弹性应变幅之间的关系分别服从Coffin-Manson和Basquin关系式。随着外加总应变幅的不断增大,其疲劳寿命减少。在0.3%的最小外加总应变幅下,AZ80热锻态的疲劳寿命最长;在0.9%的最大外加总应变幅下,AZ80-T5的疲劳寿命最长,而热锻态最短。此外,对疲劳断口形貌的观察结果表明,疲劳裂纹萌生于疲劳试样表面,并以穿晶方式扩展。     

旋转通道入口湍流度控制方法及验证

针对旋转通道实验,为了获得理想的旋转通道入口湍流度,更好地模拟实际涡轮叶片内冷通道的流动换热,提出了一种入口湍流度控制方法,并通过实验对该方法进行了验证和初步探索.实验中,在边长为40mm×40mm的方形通道中,放置了一层网丝直径d=3mm,网丝间距M_u=12mm的阻尼网,利用热线风速仪,得到了雷诺数为2200~3900范围内的阻尼网后下游湍流特性.研究发现:流体通过该阻尼网后,湍流度显著增大并沿流向逐渐衰减,相同点湍流度随阻尼网雷诺数增大而增大,气流在阻尼网后较短距离内就获得了5%的湍流度,这与实际涡轮叶片内冷通道流动湍流度相当;阻尼网雷诺数越小,流动越早进入横向均匀及各向同性湍流;通过经典公式对阻尼网后通道中心湍流度沿流向分布进行拟合,实验数据与曲线拟合较好.      

15%SiC_P/8009铝基复合材料热压缩流变应力行为

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机对15%Si CP/8009铝基复合材料在温度为400~550℃和应变速率为0.001~1 s~(-1)条件下的热变形流变行为进行研究。结果表明:流变应力在开始阶段随应变的增加而增大,出现峰值后逐渐趋于平稳;流变应力随温度的升高而降低,随应变速率的增大而升高,呈现出正应变速率敏感性;流变应力行为可以用双曲正弦模型来描述,其热变形激活能为488.3853 k J/mol,应力指数为7.19022。     

Flood susceptibility mapping by ensemble evidential belief function and binomial logistic regression model on river basin of eastern India

Flooding is the overflow of water from stream, river, lake and sea that occurs all over the world and has disastrous effects on human society and environment. Frequent severe flood event in eastern India cause of death and damages every year so, the development of flood susceptibility method is needed for identifying the flood vulnerability areas to reduce the damages. Techniques of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) can help to flood susceptibility modeling by the accrued and analyzing huge amount of data in short time. The main objectives of this study are to determine the effectiveness of Evidence Belief Function (EBF), binomial Logistic Regression (LR) and ensemble of EBF and LR (EBF-LR) model with RS and GIS techniques for flood susceptibility mapping and spatial prediction of flood-susceptible areas in the Koiya river basin of West Bengal, India. Eight flood conditioning factors; Land use and land cover (LULC), soil, rainfall, normalized differences vegetation index (NDVI), distance to river, elevation, topographic wetness index (TWI) and stream power index (SPI) have been used, and total 264 historical flooding points were mapped, and randomly divided in to training (70%) and validating (30%) dataset. Flood susceptibility map has been generated by applying EBF, LR and ensemble EBF-LR method with the help of training and eight causative factors dataset. The maps have been divided in to six classes; extremely low, very low, low, moderate, high and very high. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve has been used to accuracy assessment of the susceptibility map, and the area under curve (AUC) disclosures 87.9%, 85.2% and 84.1% prediction rate for the EBF-LR, EBF and LR model, respectively. This study is helpful to flood management program, dissection makers and planning in local administrative level.     

基于内外传热耦合的热气防冰系统仿真计算

基于内外传热耦合原理,建立了热气防冰系统的AMESim仿真模型,研究热气防冰系统在不同引气状态下,管路流量、压力及蒙皮温度的变化规律.采用所建立的仿真方法,计算飞机机翼热气防冰系统的内部流动特性和内外耦合传热特性,将计算结果与热气防冰系统流量分配试验结果进行对比.结果表明:管路流量、压力和蒙皮温度的仿真计算结果与试验结果最大误差为9%,验证了该仿真模型的正确性.在此基础上,对飞机短舱热气防冰系统进行了仿真,分析了飞行包线下系统内外的换热、温度变化、加热效率等关键参数的瞬态特性.仿真结果为热气防冰系统的设计、分析与优化提供依据.      

热风洞中涡轮叶片温度场红外热像测量方法

提出了在热风洞中利用红外热像来测量涡轮叶片表面温度场的方法.针对热风洞特有的干扰因素,即石英玻璃窗口的透射比随着叶片表面温度变化以及燃气中的二氧化碳和水蒸气等组分参与热辐射所带来的干扰,在取得红外热像后按照燃气工况对温度场测量结果进行综合修正.考虑到叶片表面曲率的变化,通过几何上的变换重现了实际叶片表面上的温度场.结果表明:在热风洞的叶片温度场的红外热像测量中存在着110~140K的修正量.高温燃气环境中的红外热像测量结果必须按工况进行修正.      

加热器在冲压发动机试验技术中的应用研究

直连试验技术是冲压发动机研究中一项非常关键的技术,论证分析了如何模拟直连试验模型进口流量、总温及总压等关键参数,并以此为基础研制了一种高室压、大流量及耐高温的空气加热器,通过对该加热器和试验台相关组件的试验研究,结果表明以空气、氧气及煤油组织燃烧的加热器工作性能良好,解决了冲压发动机直连试验这项关键技术。     

Spatial modeling of flood probability using geo-environmental variables and machine learning models,case study: Tajan watershed,Iran

The main objective of this study was to produce flood susceptibility maps for Tajan watershed, Sari, Iran using three machine learning (ML) models including Self-Organization Map (SOM), Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN), and Multi-layers Perceptron (MLP). To reach such a goal, different physical-geographical factors (criteria) were integrated and mapped. 212 flood inventory map was randomly divided into training and testing datasets, where 148 flood locations (70%) were used for training and the remaining 64 locations (30%) were employed for testing. Model validation was performed using several statistical indices and the area under the curve (AUC). The results of the correlation matrix showed, three factors slope (0.277), distance from river (0.263), and altitude (0.223) were the most important factors affecting flood. The accuracy evaluation of the flood susceptibility maps through the AUC method and K-index shows that in the validation phase RBFNN (AUC = 0.90) outperform the MLP (AUC = 0.839) and SOM (AUC = 0.882) models. The highest percentage flood susceptibility of the area in MLP, SOM and RBFNN models is related to moderate (28.7%), very low (40%) and low (37%), respectively. Also, the validation results of the models using the Relative Flood Density (RFD) approach showed that very high class had the highest RFD value.     

涡轮盘腔轴向封严流动的数值研究

利用数值方法研究了轴向封严结构内的燃气入侵与封严流动.研究表明:由于封严间隙处流场参数梯度较大,封严面非匹配网格影响了数值传递从而造成封严效率数值结果偏高.定常数值模拟结果低估了导叶下游静压的周向不均匀性,同时没有考虑转静干涉,所得到的封严效率较非定常结果要高.非定常计算得到的导叶下游静压周向分布与试验结果符合较好,在盘腔子午面内形成3个涡核结构,引导静盘壁面流体流向动盘以补充动盘泵效应所需流量.封严间隙内存在旋转的燃气入侵与出流结构,燃气入侵伴随较大的切向速度,封严间隙内的封严间隙涡对封严效率有积极影响,封严面上径向速度的瞬时值为时均值的3倍以上.燃气入侵受到导叶尾缘周向静压分布和转子旋转的共同影响.      

基于加权有向图的飞机装配顺序规划

合理的飞机装配顺序规划是确保飞机装配质量、缩短装配周期的有效途径。为此,提出了基于加权有向图的飞机部件装配顺序规划方法。以飞机零件间的装配几何关系、装配稳定性和装配工艺性为评价因子,对装配过程中零件间的装配依赖性进行量化,形成可表达装配依赖关系的加权有向图。在此基础上,通过模糊聚类和撕裂排序算法对装配零件进行装配顺序规划。最后通过某飞机机身中段装配顺序规划问题进行验证,规划结果表明该方法具有一定的可行性和有效性。