热塑弹性体铝合金化学铣切保护涂料的研制

采用热塑性弹性体为基体材料制备不同配方的铝合金化学铣切保护涂料.实验包括涂料中酚醛树脂的合成,涂料的制备.所做涂料的性能考核包括外观、粘度、固体含量、抗张性、断裂伸长率、浸蚀比、致密性、剥离强度等.最后与美国同类产品性能对比.研究表明,自制的铝合金化学铣切保护涂料的涂膜透明均匀、剥离强度大小适中、耐强碱,满足化学铣切工艺要求,也基本上与美国同类产品性能相当.     

超声微细加工工具制作与试验

通过合理利用多种放电加工方法制作超声微细加工的多种微小工具头,以此为基础进行多种硬脆材料的超声微细加工基础试验,获得良好的试验效果。     

不同壁厚的TiNiFe形状记忆合金管接头紧固力的模拟计算

研究不同壁厚的TiNiFe形状记忆合金管接头紧固力随时间变化的定量关系对航空用TiNiFe形状记忆合金管接头有重要的实际工程应用价值。在有关TiNiFe形状记忆合金的力学建模和公式推导的基础上,利用计算机进行软件编程,完成了对TiNiFe形状记忆合金管接头升温过程产生紧固力的计算模拟,得到了TiNiFe形状记忆合金管接头在约束升温状态下紧固力随时间变化的模拟曲线,重点研究了管接头壁的厚度对管接头产生紧固力的影响,并通过具体的实验进行验证。发现管接头的升温逆转变过程很短,壁厚小于2.5mm范围内的管接头的紧固力随着壁厚的增加而增加,几乎成线性关系。     

镁合金AZ91表面弧辉等离子沉积TiN/CrN薄膜的摩擦行为研究

镁合金具有高的比强度、低的弹性模量、减震等优点,在航空航天领域具有很大的应用前景.但是低劣的耐磨性导致镁合金限制于制造静载零件.为改进其耐磨性,采用弧辉等离子沉积的新工艺在镁合金AZ91表面涂覆TiN/CrN多层薄膜.薄膜由12层TiN和CrN交替沉积而成,总厚度为2 μm.用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和辉光放电光谱(GDS)分析涂层的成分和微观结构.采用球盘磨损试验测试摩擦系数,并计算出比磨损率.结果表明,与未处理试样相比摩擦系数增大,但磨损率急剧下降.薄膜的表面硬度超过HK0.011433.     

Research on Ultrasonic Vibration Grinding of the Hard and Brittle Materials

It is well known that grinding techniques are main methods to machine hard and brittle materials such as engineering ceramics. But the conventional grinding has many shortcomings such as poorer surface finish,quicker wear and tear of grinding tools,lower effi-ciency and so on. Ultrasonic vibration grinding (UVG) which combines ultrasonic machining and grinding emerged as a developing and promising technique in recent years. In this paper,experimental studies on UVG were conducted on several kinds of hard and brittle material by altering processing parameters such as vibration frequency and its amplitude,diamond abrasive grit size,cutting depth,feeding speed and rotary speed of tools. The experimental results show that alteration in any of above mentioned parameters will bring effects on the processed surface finish of these materials. Of them,the diamond abrasive grit size has the greatest. Moreover,conven-tional grinding experiments were also carried out on these materials. By comparison,it was found that the UVG is superior to the con-ventional method in terms of the ground surface quality,the working efficiency and the wear rate of tools.     

The Two-step Reverse Martensitic Transformations of TiNi Shape Memory Alloy Based on Solution-treatment and Aging

A TiNi-alloy is solution-treated in a vacuum furnace of 6.7×10-3 Pa at 1 223 K for 3.6 ks, and then aged at 773 K for 1.8 ks. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements show that after the heat-treatment, takes place a two-step reverse Martensitic transformation, from which results the two-stage recovery strain in a prestrained Martensitic TiNi-alloy wire during heating. The Vickers microhardness indentation test in cross-sectional areas of the TiNi-alloy wire indicates the compositional heterogeneity between its sur-face layers and its inside. The fact that the sizes of the indentation in surface layers smaller than those in the inside bears witness to the existence of slightly harder surface layers. It is believed that these phenomena are related to the compositional fluctuation caused by the evaporation and oxidization of Ti-element during the solution-treatment and heterogeneity formed during the subsequent aging treat-ment.     

超长时效对7075合金性能的影响

利用洛氏硬度计、电子拉伸试验机、冲击试验机、扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）等设备对7075铝合金超长时间时效行为、力学性能、抗应力腐蚀性（SCR）及断口形貌进行了研究。结果表明,7075铝合金的硬度及强度都具有时效双峰特征。两个时效峰的硬度和强度相差不多,但对应第二峰时效的合金具有比较高的SCR性能。首次提出并运用“相变-Mg-H”复合理论解释了7075合金第二峰的高SCR性能现象。     

DZ125合金钎焊接头窄钎缝区高温循环应力应变分析方法

针对钎焊接头窄钎缝区(大约150μm)在高温环境下的循环应力应变测量困难问题,提出一种基于反推法的新思想,依据以下两类数据进行计算和分析:第一类是采用有限元软件ABAQUS的用户材料子程序(UMAT)嵌入Chaboche热黏塑性本构模型计算得到的DZ125母材合金高温循环应力应变数据;第二类是经高温循环试验得到的钎焊接头的相应数据,最后经过数据处理和MATLAB软件编程获得窄钎缝区的应力应变.研究结果表明,钎焊接头在高温环境下的变形具有明显的不均匀性和局部性,并指出较之母材合金其钎缝区相对较“软”,而且它也是整个钎焊接头的薄弱环节,应给予足够的重视.推而广之,反推法的提出为研究普通焊接接头窄焊缝的力学行为提供了一条新的途径.      

新型高强度抗热腐蚀单晶高温合金研究

对新研发的M09A高强度抗热腐蚀单晶高温合金的组织结构、力学性能、抗热腐蚀性能及长期时效组织性能稳定性进行了研究。结果表明：M09A合金相对IN738合金适当降低Cr含量,为增加强化元素含量提供了可能,从而提高了M09A合金沉淀强化和固溶强化水平;取较低的Ti/Al比可以改善组织稳定性;应用单晶技术和高温热处理,可进一步提高M09A合金的高温力学性能、抗热腐蚀性能和组织性能稳定性;M09A合金抗热腐蚀性能与IN738合金的相当,高温力学性能超过现有的抗热腐蚀合金和典型的高强度定向凝固合金DZ125的,并达到第1代单晶合金的水平;合金组织性能稳定,不含Re、Ru、Hf等贵重金属元素,成本低,密度小,铸造性能较好。     

储氢合金/AP/HTPB推进剂燃烧性能研究

制备了Al/AP/HTPB推进剂和储氢合金/AP/HTPB推进剂,并对它们进行了DSC,PDSC,爆热和燃速测试.DSC和PDSC测试结果表明,储氢合金对AP/HTPB推进剂的凝聚相反应有催化作用,在0.1MPa和5MPa下,使其凝聚相主分解温度分别降低21.67℃和15.67℃,凝聚相反应热分别提高105.97％和21.87％;爆热测试结果表明,储氢合金对AP/HTPB推进剂的气相反应有催化作用,使气相反应热提高4.74％;燃速结果表明,储氢合金可以提高AP/HTPB推进剂的燃速.进一步研究表明,A1/AP/HTPB推进剂和储氢合金/AP/HTPB推进剂的燃速与爆热存在一定的相关性.总结出了燃速-爆热关系式.