内增湿式质子交换膜燃料电池堆动态传热模型

建立了质子交换膜燃料电池阴极的传质模型,综合考虑了影响电堆传热的多个因素,在此基础上针对内增湿式燃料电池堆建立了动态传热模型.采用Runge-Kutta-Felhberg法对模型进行求解,对电流、反应物过量系数、压强、冷却水流量等对电堆温度的影响进行了研究.结果表明,当电流大于25A时电堆温度将不能自行稳定在80℃以下,采用水冷可以有效地将电堆温度控制在较理想的范围内.在额定功率为5kW的燃料电池堆试验台架上进行了热管理试验,试验结果同模型预测值吻合较好.     

基于遗传-支持向量机的对置活塞二冲程柴油机气口高度优化

以某对置活塞二冲程柴油机为研究对象,基于一维仿真模型,利用遗传-支持向量机的方法,以油耗为优化目标,进行不同转速工况下进排气口高度组合的自动化寻优。结果表明:在1200r/min下,优化的进、排气口无量纲化高度组合为［0.075,0.105］,所得最小油耗为220.32g/(kW·h);对置活塞二冲程柴油机的气口最优高度应随着转速的提高逐渐增大;且在高转速(大于1600r/min)下,排气口最优高度增加趋势更加明显。      

大型民用飞机燃油箱污染影响与控制要求

基于大型民用飞机燃油箱常见污染物,对其进行分类,研究其来源,分析其对飞机及系统功能、性能、安全、经济性等的影响。针对飞机研制、生产阶段,从材料选用、燃油箱结构、燃油系统及相关系统设计上提出污染防护设计要求,从生产制造各环节与要素上提出污染防护控制要求。针对飞机运营阶段,对其勤务与维护维修提出污染防护监控要求。通过对飞机生命周期内燃油箱污染物的持续监控管理,实现支持飞机高效生产、安全运行的目标。     

水反应金属燃料发动机的性能调节

在水反应金属燃料发动机性能分析研究基础上,分析了壅塞式和非壅塞式发动机构型优缺点及性能调节特性,着重探讨了非壅塞式水反应金属燃料发动机燃气流量自适应调节规律和特点。计算结果分析表明,非壅塞式发动机具有水燃比自适应调节特性,且高压强指数水反应金属燃料调节效果显著。     

基于延误油耗优化的平行跑道运行方式

在比较现有平行跑道运行方式的基础上,制定了基于延误油耗优化原则的跑道选择策略。同时根据航班时刻表及起降间隔标准,建立了数学模型,提出了基于油耗优化原则的跑道选择和排序方法。算例表明该方法提高了混合运行方式下跑道的运行效率,减少了航空器的滑行时间和等待时间,降低了航空公司的运营成本。     

一种新型燃烧室供油系统热防护方案

随着航空发动机燃烧室进口空气温度的不断升高,燃油在供油管路内受热氧化结焦从而引发诸多隐患的情况日益突出。本文针对某型中心分级、多点喷射供油系统,开展了以空气隔热屏结合“油冷”的热防护方案设计研究,并通过数值 模拟分析了热防护效果。研究表明,在典型高温进气工况下,空气隔热屏结构可将燃油管路湿壁温度降低至燃油氧化结焦临界温度以下;在慢车主油路停止供油的情况下,单一的空气隔热措施难以满足热防护设计要求,结合“油冷”方案可达到设计要求。     

面向客机总体设计的涡扇发动机分析模型

建立一种用于估算涡扇发动机特性的工程分析模型,该模型以涡喷发动机推力估算模型与涡扇发动机效率分析方法为基础,引入高涵道比涡扇发动机的循环分析方法进行修正。利用该模型可以获取涡扇发动机的推力和油耗特性,进而考察总体循环参数对发动机性能的影响。通过与文献验证数据对比,判定了分析模型的精度。该模型只需要输入少量参数就可以快速完成计算过程,适合于飞机总体设计阶段,可以评估涡扇发动机参数对飞机性能的影响。     

某型机燃油增压异常的分析与研究

针对某型机开车后燃油系统输油时油箱增压存在异常的现象,结合该型机燃油系统通气增压原理,分析了该故障的可能原因,并通过地面试验最终排除故障。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.