C/SiC复合材料在空气中的氧化烧蚀

针对C/SiC复合材料进行了空气工作环境下的烧蚀研究。分析了C/SiC复合材料的氧化机理,研究了C/SiC材料的氧化烧蚀的影响因素。根据氧化机理,对不同温度下材料的氧化烧蚀进行了模拟,针对SiC材料建立了相应氧化剥蚀模型,并对平板材料的氧化情况进行了模拟计算,将计算结果进行剥蚀情况和非剥蚀情况下的比较讨论。计算结果表明,在不同的温度下C/SiC复合材料的氧化有不同的控制机理,SiO2层的剥蚀将导致SiC材料的氧化烧蚀率增加。     

发散冷却控制烧蚀过程的数值研究

用数值方法模拟了发散冷却控制结构烧蚀的瞬态过程,同时考虑了线烧蚀和体积烧蚀两种现象对多孔介质骨架高温表面的质量损失和冷却效果的影响,并讨论了高温主流携带的热流强度、冷却介质注入的初始速度和温度、及多孔材料骨架初始温度在控制烧蚀过程中的作用.      

C/SiC材料主动氧化烧蚀计算研究

建立了C/SiC材料的热化学平衡烧蚀模型,进行了C/SiC材料烧蚀机理的计算研究和试验验证,理论计算结果和试验数据符合良好。计算结果表明,在高温空气环境下,C/SiC材料的无因次质量烧蚀率B与材料中C元素、Si元素的质量分数及温度、压力有关。在同样条件下,C/SiC材料主动氧化烧蚀速率大于C/C复合材料烧蚀速率。     

杂质对尾流化学动力学和电子密度的影响

本文研究杂质对尾流化学动力学与电子密度的影响。这种影响是通过把杂质(Na、H_2O、F_2、C_2F_4)加入到空气尾流中,进行数值模拟计算而获得的。化学体系是由26种粒子,35个化学反应组成的。为了独立地判断各类化学反应(杂质)的作用,把复杂的化学体系分解为由简到繁的九个化学子体系,它们是:Air、Air-Na、Air-F_2、Air-C_2F_4、Air-C_2F_4-F_2、Air-H_2O-Na、Air-F_2-Na、Air-C_2F_4-Na、Air-C_2F_4-F_2-Na。计算结果表明,杂质对尾流电离起着明显的影响,特别是Na,它能使纯空气尾流电子密度增加1～3个量级。另外也表明,与Air-F_2子体系一样,Air-C_2F_4子体系的电子衰减的主要机理是F_2、F对电子的吸附反应,该反应产生大量F~-离子,同时清除了尾流中大部分电子。     

航空机载可修产品外场可靠性评估模型及其应用

航空机载复杂产品基本是可修产品 ,按其修复深度分为完全修复和基本修复 ,而实际维修中又多为基本修复。完全修复后可靠性样本可用不可修模型处理 ,而基本修复可靠性样本采用何种数学模型处理在实际工作中尚不多见。介绍了进行某型国产新机机载产品使用可靠性研究中使用的分析模型 ,重点讨论非齐次泊松过程建模与故障强度概念 ,并指出了模型应用的方法及实例 ,给出了课题评估结果。     

某型航空活塞发动机调贫阈值的实验测定

基于某型航空活塞发动机在运行中因过度调贫而导致大量排气门烧蚀的现象,为控制调贫幅度获取便于工程实践操作的安全调贫阈值,通过测量排气门密封面附近气门体的实际运行温度,获取了该型发动机上气门运行温度与排气温度之间的对应关系,解决了以排气温度(EGT) 为参变量间接衡量气门体实际运行温度的工程问题。结果表明:利用该对应关系在确保排气门密封面上保护膜不被破坏的前提下得出该型发动机上安全调贫阈值为排气温度为732℃,经70000飞行小时的实践验证表明此阈值可靠。     

建筑产品价格问题商榷

建筑产品价格如何确定，是造价管理体制改革中的热点问题，笔者对目前存在的三种意见进行分析后提出，应按照国际惯例，由建筑安装企业自行编制建筑安装产品的价格，参与市场竞争。     

SYNTHETIC STRESS LIFE TESTING OF MECHATRONIC PRODUCTS UNDER VARIABLE STRESS SPECTRUM

Mechatronic products usually endure the variable stress spectrum when they operate in certain operational condition and environmental condition, which obey the Weibull distribution. In accordance with the features of mechatronic product, this paper analyzes the failure mode, its corresponding sensitive stress and the design principles of life testing profiles. Based on the above analyses, this paper presents a synthetic stress life testing method based on the hybrid Weibull distribution and its statistical method under variable stress spectrum to evaluate the reliability and life indices of mechatronic products. Because the mechatronic products have many characteristics such as high price, long life and small testing samples, the synthetic stress life testing method under variable load spectrum can simulate the real various spectra, decrease the life testing time and reduce the testing samples. So it is effective to carry out the life testing to mechatronic products. The application results of hydraulic pumps indicate that this method can easily handle the experimental data under variable amplitude spectrum, obtain the high precision parameters point estimation and confidence interval estimation and reduce the testing cost greatly.     

SMT器件的生产和管理浅探

从我国当前的制造业形势、背景及航空微电子制造技术的发展特点出发,结合我所新产品开发和制造流程分析了当前的生产管理状况,对航空业进一步发展表面组装技术及其流水线规划和生产管理流程再造提出了建设性的方法和途径。     

Spatial and temporal monitoring of drought conditions using the satellite rainfall estimates and remote sensing optical and thermal measurements

Drought is an important natural disaster that causes devastating impacts on the ecosystem, livestock, environment, and society. So far, various remote-sensing methods have been developed to estimate drought conditions, each of which has advantages and restrictions. This study aims to monitor the real-time drought indices at the field scales via the integration of various earth observations. Our proposed method consists of two steps. In the first step, the relationships between long-term standardized precipitation indices (SPI) derived from PERSIANN-CDR rainfall data and two drought-dependent parameters derived from MODIS products, including normalized NDVI and soil-air temperature gradient, are obtained at the spatial resolution of PERSIANN-CDR grid (approximately 25 km). As the next step, the corresponding relationships are applied to estimate the drought index maps at the spatial resolution of MODIS products (1 km). Numerous analyses are carried out to evaluate the proposed method. The results revealed that, from various drought indices, including SPIs of different timescales (1, 3, 6, and 12-months), SPI-3 and SPI-6 are more appropriate to the proposed method in terms of correlation with temperature and vegetation parameters. The findings also demonstrate the competency of the proposed method in estimating SPI indices with average RMSE 0.67 and the average correlation coefficient of 0.74.