基于粒子群优化的航路规划算法研究与仿真

文章将粒子群优化方法应用于飞机低空突防航路规划技术研究,提出了利用一组正弦波曲线来构造一个粒子,并在适应度函数设计巾加入处罚函数,使该方法得到的飞行航线严格经过起始点和目标点,而且满足飞机的机动性能要求,以及起始航向角与目标进入角的要求。仿真结果表明,所用方法简便可行,粒子能较快地收敛于全局最佳航路。     

Fe和Nb对TiNi形状记忆合金环双程记忆效应的影响

研究了预变形和热循环对Ti50.8Ni49.2及加入Fe和Nb后合金环的双程记忆应变影响。结果表明:在马氏体状态进行10.4%~13.8%的预变形,TiNi合金环随循环次数增加,双程记忆应变增大,在13.8%预变形和4次循环得到4.15%最大值;加入Fe和Nb后,在10.71%~15.18%的变形范围,合金环的双程记忆应变先增后降,其最大值分别为3.14%和2.56%。在变形量和循环次数相同时,TiNi合金环的记忆应变最高,当变形量和循环次数超过12.50%和2以后,TiNiFe合金环的双程记忆应变快速上升,其双程记忆应变超过TiNiNb合金环的。     

单一压力容器镍氢电池组几何参数对其温度场的影响

 针对实际空间用单一压力容器(IPV)镍氢电池组的传热特点,建立其瞬态热分析的数学物理仿真模型。通过设计改变电池组几何参数,包括电池组底板厚度、套筒高度和厚度,采用有限差分法,对比模拟研究电池组在飞船实际运行条件下几何参数对其温度场的影响。结果表明：套筒厚度对电池组温度场的影响最为敏感,增大套筒厚度可明显缩短电池组热系统达到平衡态的响应时间;其次是套筒高度;改变底板厚度对电池组温度场变化影响不明显。该研究为镍氢电池组的结构优化和热控制研究提供理论基础。     

3种铝合金材料动态性能及其温度相关性对比研究

 对3种铝合金2024-T351、7050-T7451和LY12-CZ进行了温度在77～573 K的静、动态压缩（应变率10^-3～6 000/s）和拉伸（应变率10^-3～3 000/s）试验,分别得到了3种铝合金材料的应力 应变关系和失效应变。对比研究结果表明,随温度升高3种材料的塑性流动应力降低,应变率敏感性增加。最后基于Johnson-Cook模型,拟合了用以预测铝合金材料塑性流动应力的模型参数,其预测结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

飞机日历寿命试验的介质成分确定和加速方法

 针对飞机使用环境,研究了飞机日历寿命试验中的腐蚀介质成分确定方法和加速方法。进行了5 ℃,25 ℃,50 ℃这3种温度和4种介质浓度下的30CrMnSiA结构钢和LY12CZ铝合金两种金属的纯腐蚀和腐蚀疲劳试验研究。得到的试验曲线表明,它们的腐蚀动力学规律都近似遵循线性关系,每条曲线的腐蚀速度也基本保持不变。从而认为,飞机日历寿命试验介质成分最好选用飞机所在机场使用环境的各腐蚀介质成分,加速腐蚀试验的最好方法,就是在此机场的各介质成分上加权,加权越高,加速越快。这个结论得到了试验验证。     

Zenith Pass Problem of Inter-satellite Linkage Antenna Based on Program Guidance Method

While adopting an elevation-over-azimuth architecture by an inter-satellite linkage antenna of a user satellite, a zenith pass problem always occurs when the antenna is tracing the tracking and data relay satellite （TDRS）. This paper deals with this problem by way of, firstly, introducing movement laws of the inter-satellite linkage to predict the movement of the user satellite antenna followed by analyzing the potential pass moment and the actual one of the zenith pass in detail. A number of specific orbit altitudes for the user satellite that can remove the blindness zone are obtained. Finally, on the base of the predicted results from the movement laws of the inter-satellite linkage, the zenith pass tracing strategies for the user satellite antenna are designed under the program guidance using a trajectory preprocessor. Simulations have confirmed the reasonability and feasibility of the strategies in dealing with the zenith pass problem.     

Morphology and Frictional Characteristics Under Electrical Currents of Al203/Cu Composites Prepared by Internal Oxidation

Two AhO3/Cu composites containing 0.24 wt.% A1203 and 0.60 wt.% A1203 separately are prepared by internal oxidation.Effectsof sliding speed and pressure on the fi-ictional characteristics of the composites and copper against brass are investigated and compared.The changes in morphology of the sliding surface and subsurface are examined with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS).The results show that the wear resistance of the AI203/Cu composites is superior to that of copperunder the same conditions.Under a given electrical current,the wear rate of AI203/Cu composites decreases as the AleO3-content increases.However,the wear rates of the Al203/Cu composites and copper increase as the sliding speed and pressure increase under drysliding condition.The main wear mechanisms for AleO3/Cu composites are of abrasion and adhesion;for copper,it is adhesion,although wear by oxidation and electrical erosion can also be observed as the speed and pressure rise.     

Designing method of acceleration and deceleration control schedule for variable cycle engine

Studies show that different geometries of a Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) can be adjusted during the transient stage of the engine operation to improve the engine performance. However, this improvement increases the complexity of the acceleration and deceleration control schedule. In order to resolve this problem, the Transient-state Reverse Method (TRM) is established in the present study based on the Steady-state Reverse Method (SRM) and the Virtual Power Extraction Method (VPEM). The state factors in the component-based engine performance models are replaced by variable geometry parameters to establish the TRM for a double bypass VCE. Obtained results are compared with the conventional component-based model from different aspects, including the accuracy and the convergence rate. The TRM is then employed to optimize the control schedule of a VCE. Obtained results show that the accuracy and the convergence rate of the proposed method are consistent with that of the conventional model. On the other hand, it is found that the new-model-optimized control schedules reduce the acceleration and deceleration time by 45% and 54%, respectively. Meanwhile, the surge margin of compressors, fuel–air ratio and the turbine inlet temperature maintained are within the acceptable criteria. It is concluded that the proposed TRM is a powerful method to design the acceleration and deceleration control schedule of the VCE.     

载人飞船返回舱着陆待援段换热性能研究

在对载人飞船着陆待援段返回舱换热过程中各传热途径的量级范围及影响因素进行计算分析和对比的基础上,简化返回舱传热模型,提出返回舱综合换热系数的概念;并通过载人飞船返回舱换热试验对理论分析进行了验证,获取了返回舱综合换热系数的工程数据,所获数据可用于实现长时间地面待援期间返回舱内热环境的快速预示。     

国内外典型航天特因环境选拔训练设备及其应用

以航天特因环境选拔训练设备为平台,在地面模拟的航天特殊因素环境中通过试验来选拔和训练航天员,是提高航天员对这些环境的适应能力和耐受能力的一种非常有效的方法。本文对国内外典型航天特因环境选拔训练设备及其应用进行综述。