液浮惯性仪表温度场的仿真分析

液浮惯性仪表精度跟温度场有关联,温度分布不均匀和温度波动都会对仪表精度产生影响,因此研究液浮惯性仪表内部的温度场分布尤为重要。利用有限元方法对液浮惯性仪表进行温度场仿真计算,根据仪表的结构特点合理的设置了测温点,通过试验的方法提取了特征点的温度值,验证了仿真结果的正确性,为液浮惯性仪表的热设计提供了基础参数。     

基于低频磁信标的全天时自主定位方法

由于以GPS、北斗为代表的GNSS信号容易受到天气和位置的影响,单纯使用GNSS在某些条件下会有较大的定位误差,甚至无法提供定位服务。针对这种情况研究了基于低频磁信标的自主定位方法,分析了电磁学中的毕奥-萨伐尔定律等原理,建立了基于低频磁信标定位的系统模型,给出了分离式双信标定位方法。通过实验分析了信标安装的误差特性,最后通过仿真和实际实验验证了该定位方法的有效性,对于室内机器人导航、地下生物探索、水下跟踪定位等单独采用GNSS定位影响较大的场景下的自主定位与导航具有重要的工程应用价值。     

Fundamental (f) oscillations in a magnetically coupled solar interior-atmosphere system – An analytical approach

Solar fundamental (f) acoustic mode oscillations are investigated analytically in a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model. The model consists of three layers in planar geometry, representing the solar interior, the magnetic atmosphere, and a transitional layer sandwiched between them. Since we focus on the fundamental mode here, we assume the plasma is incompressible. A horizontal, canopy-like, magnetic field is introduced to the atmosphere, in which degenerated slow MHD waves can exist. The global (f-mode) oscillations can couple to local atmospheric Alfvén waves, resulting, e.g., in a frequency shift of the oscillations. The dispersion relation of the global oscillation mode is derived, and is solved analytically for the thin-transitional layer approximation and for the weak-field approximation. Analytical formulae are also provided for the frequency shifts due to the presence of a thin transitional layer and a weak atmospheric magnetic field. The analytical results generally indicate that, compared to the fundamental value ($\omega =\sqrt{\mathit{gk}}$), the mode frequency is reduced by the presence of an atmosphere by a few per cent. A thin transitional layer reduces the eigen-frequencies further by about an additional hundred microhertz. Finally, a weak atmospheric magnetic field can slightly, by a few percent, increase the frequency of the eigen-mode. Stronger magnetic fields, however, can increase the f-mode frequency by even up to ten per cent, which cannot be seen in observed data. The presence of a magnetic atmosphere in the three-layer model also introduces non-permitted propagation windows in the frequency spectrum; here, f-mode oscillations cannot exist with certain values of the harmonic degree. The eigen-frequencies can be sensitive to the background physical parameters, such as an atmospheric density scale-height or the rate of the plasma density drop at the photosphere. Such information, if ever observed with high-resolution instrumentation and inverted, could help to gain further insight into solar magnetic structures by means of solar magneto-seismology, and could provide further insight into the role of magnetism in solar oscillations.     

结构形式对双层微通道热沉传热性能的影响

设计一种双层微通道热沉,即热沉上下层通道结构相异B（上层为矩形微通道,下层为复杂结构微通道）,旨在降低压降的同时保持良好的换热性能,并与上下层通道均为复杂结构微通道的热沉A作对比。用数值方法研究了顺流和逆流时、不同通道结构（PA、PB、CA、CB）对其传热性能的影响,并用场协同原理分析流场与温度场的协同关系对传热的影响。结果表明:当0相似文献   

不平衡激励作用下周向加肋机匣振动能量传递机理

为了研究周向加肋机匣对整机振动的抑制机理,采用有限元法建立了加肋机匣-支承-转子耦合结构,结合振动功率流法分析了在转子不平衡激励作用下周向加肋机匣中的振动能量传递机理。 结果表明:机匣周向加肋筋诱导出的能量涡流场能够分流和耗散掉部分由转子传递至机匣的振动能量;机匣周向加肋筋改变了振动能量的传递路径,减小了机匣与支板连接处振动能量的回流现象;振动能量传递到机匣周向加肋筋后发生传递波波形的转换,携带大部分振动能量的弯曲波转换为纵波并沿加肋筋周向传递,阻断振动能量沿轴向传递至整机其他部位。 研究结果可为航空发动机结构设计以及整机减振提供参考。      

一种融合MRF分割与数学形态学的道路提取算法

针对高分辨率合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR）图像中道路目标难以有效提取的问题,提出一种融合马尔可夫随机场（Markov Random Field, MRF）分割与数学形态学处理的高分辨率SAR图像道路提取算法。该算法首先利用直方图均衡化和增强Lee滤波对SAR图像进行预处理,实现道路的边缘增强,抑制相干斑噪声;进而利用基于条件迭代模式（Iterated Conditional Mode, ICM）的MRF对SAR图像中的道路目标进行初分割;再用数学形态学填充空洞,平滑道路边缘;最后,基于道路的几何特征,使用偏心率、矩阵度、复杂度等因子去除虚警,从而提取出道路目标。利用该文算法对两块实际高分辨率SAR图像进行道路目标提取,均可以取得90%以上的正确道路提取率,表明本文算法具有较高的道路提取精度。     

考虑喷油润滑的附件机匣温度场分析

附件机匣作为航空发动机重要部件之一,其产热和散热的问题比较复杂.针对以往附件机匣相关研究只关注固体域的产热、散热分析,而对滑油散热作用不能充分考虑这一问题的现状,提出了基于流体仿真思想的稳态温度场分析方法.首先,通过分析附件机匣产热、散热问题的基本规律和特点,进一步采用k-ε湍流模型来模拟机匣内的情况,多相流模型模拟滑油,并且使用多参考坐标系模拟滑油在运动过程中的换热.最后,以某附件机匣作为具体应用案例,验证了方法的正确性和可行性,从而形成了一套行之有效的使用FLUENT软件对附件机匣进行稳态温度场仿真分析的模型和方法.研究的成果对于后续附件机匣的可靠性与寿命分析有重要支撑作用.      

激波引燃冲压发动机一体化流场数值模拟

激波引燃冲压发动机是一种采用爆轰形式组织燃烧的吸气式高超声速飞行器动力系统。采用AUSMPW+迎风格式、氢氧7组分8步基于反应模型,在非结构网格离散域上求解二维多组分化学非平衡流Euler方程。采用发展的数值方法求解了激波引燃冲压发动机内外一体化流场,研究了台阶长度、斜劈尖角度对发动机流场结构和发动机性能参数的影响规律。计算结果表明,所发展的数值方法能用于激波引燃冲压发动机的一体化流场和性能预示计算;台阶长度和斜劈尖角度影响发动机流场结构和预混气体能量释放程度。推力和燃料比冲均随台阶长度的增大而增大,随斜劈尖角度的增大而减少。     

Influence of lunar topography on simulated surface temperature

The surface temperature of the Moon is one of the essential parameters for the lunar exploration, especially to evaluate the Moon thermophysical features. The distribution of the temperature is heavily influenced by the Moon topography, which, however, is rarely studied in the state-of-art surface temperature models. Therefore, this paper takes the Moon topography into account to improve the surface temperature model, Racca model. The main parameters, such as slopes along the longitude and latitude directions, are estimated with the topography data from Chang’E-1 satellite and the Horn algorithm. Then the effective solar illumination model is then constructed with the slopes and the relative position to the subsolar point. Finally, the temperature distribution over the Moon surface is obtained with the effective illumination model and the improved Racca model. The results indicate that the distribution of the temperature is very sensitive to the fluctuation of the Moon surface. The change of the surface temperature is up to 150 K in some places compared to the result without considering the topography. In addition, the variation of the surface temperature increases with the distance from the subsolar point and the elevation, along both latitude and longitude directions. Furthermore, the simulated surface temperature coincides well with the brightness temperature in 37 GHz observed by the microwave sounder onboard Chang’E-2 satellite. The corresponded emissivity map not only eliminates the influence of the topography, but also hints the inherent properties of the lunar regolith just below the surface. Last but not the least, the distribution of the permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) in the lunar pole area is also evaluated with the simulated surface temperature result.     

Strong geomagnetic activity forecast by neural networks under dominant southern orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field

The paper deals with the relation of the southern orientation of the north–south component _Bz$B_z$ of the interplanetary magnetic field to geomagnetic activity (GA) and subsequently a method is suggested of using the found facts to forecast potentially dangerous high GA. We have found that on a day with very high GA hourly averages of _Bz$B_z$ with a negative sign occur at least 16 times in typical cases. Since it is very difficult to estimate the orientation of _Bz$B_z$ in the immediate vicinity of the Earth one day or even a few days in advance, we have suggested using a neural-network model, which assumes the worse of the possibilities to forecast the danger of high GA – the dominant southern orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field. The input quantities of the proposed model were information about X-ray flares, type II and IV radio bursts as well as information about coronal mass ejections (CME). In comparing the GA forecasts with observations, we obtain values of the Hanssen–Kuiper skill score ranging from 0.463 to 0.727, which are usual values for similar forecasts of space weather. The proposed model provides forecasts of potentially dangerous high geomagnetic activity should the interplanetary CME (ICME), the originator of geomagnetic storms, hit the Earth under the most unfavorable configuration of cosmic magnetic fields. We cannot know in advance whether the unfavorable configuration is going to occur or not; we just know that it will occur with the probability of 31%.