流动环境中三维圆形垂直浮力射流特性实验研究

为了揭示流动环境中三维圆形垂直浮力射流的规律,运用MicroADV流速测量系统和温度测量系统对不同射流——来流流速比情况下的圆形垂直热水浮力射流进行了实验研究。在对试验所得的速度场、温度场资料进行整理的基础上,对流场的流动结构,射流中出现的分叉现象,射流轨迹线,湍动能等时均特性和紊动特性进行了分析。认为基于最大速度和最高温度的射流轨迹线是不同的,射流横断面上两高温区的夹角的范围同前人在空气中所作试验是一致的。表明试验结果是可信的,可以用于揭示圆形浮力射流的规律和数值模拟的验证。     

双向进气结构脉管制冷机稳定特性

针对双向进气结构脉管制冷机稳定性,本文开展了研究。理论分析了脉管制冷机温度不稳定产生的原因,在此基础上考察了制冷功率、填料组成和工质组分等因素对脉管制冷机稳定特性的影响,进一步揭示了不稳定现象形成的机理,对于今后开展脉管制冷机的实用化研究具有一定的参考价值。     

堆积粉尘本构方程的实验测试

确定堆积粉尘的本构方程对讨论有关现象是十分重要的。设计了一种测试方法 ,利用阴影摄影和带示踪粒子的X光脉冲摄影 ,记录激波与堆积粉尘相互作用的流场 ,再通过对该流场的理论分析 ,以确定堆积粉尘的本构方程。以超细淀粉为例 ,对所测的方程做了实验验证。     

构建实验教学新体系

本文论述了实验教学在高等教育中的重要性,较为系统地分析了当前高等学校实验教学中存在的问题,现有实验教学体系的弊端严重影响了人才培养质量和教学改革.在此基础上,提出了实验教学改革的具体措施.     

Potentials of manufacture and repair of nickel base turbine components used in aero engines and power plants by laser metal deposition and laser drilling

IntroductionExpensive turbine parts like HPT(HighPressure Turine)blades or vanes are replaced bynew parts in case of damage.For example theburn through of the inner side of a blade or vane(Figure 1)is a frequently appearing damage,which cannot be repaired…     

不同结构肋化通道对流换热特性的试验

为了研究不同结构肋化通道冲击射流传热的传热特性,设计了4种不同结构的肋化通道,采用试验的方法分别对其传热特性进行了研究,分析比较了不同的肋化结构和冲击雷诺数对传热特性的影响规律.研究结果表明,在冲击驻点区域的传热特性与粗糙肋区域有所不同,具有V形结构肋化通道的传热性能较好.      

爆震管内波与火焰相互作用机理的试验

为了解波与火焰相互作用的机理,在60 mm×60 mm×2000 mm方爆震管内,用乙炔(C₂H₂)和空气混合物进行了单爆震性能研究.利用压力传感器与离子探针同时测得爆震管内的压力和火焰传播速度.根据波和火焰触发的不同时刻来分析爆震管内波与火焰相互作用的过程.结果表明:光滑爆震管内没有产生爆震波,压力波始终在火焰前面;加入阻塞比为0.4的扰流器后,爆震管内产生了爆震波.在扰流器内部,爆震波比较复杂,弱压缩波在火焰前面,但火焰在激波前面;在扰流器出口位置以后,激波在火焰前面.      

激波诱导轴对称气动矢量喷管壁面静压分布的试验

在落压比3～10,次流相对流量0%～20%的情况下,对扩张段开缝的激波诱导轴对称气动矢量喷管模型试验件的壁面静压分布进行了试验.结果表明:次流的注入形成了周向壁面静压差,使喷管内流场呈现明显的三维流动特征;落压比和次流相对流量对喷管的壁面静压分布有较大的影响,并在一定条件下影响到收敛段的流动;在落压比4,次流相对流量大于15%时,激波有可能会碰到周向距次流注入最远处的壁面,使其气流分离并引起壁面静压的升高.      

Convergence Analysis of the Numerical Solution for Cathode Design of Aero-engine Blades in Electrochemical Machining

As a main difficult problem encountered in electrochemical machining （ECM）, the cathode design is tackled, at present, with various numerical analysis methods such as finite difference, finite element and boundary element methods. Among them, the finite element method presents more flexibility to deal with the irregularly shaped workpieces. However, it is very difficult to ensure the convergence of finite element numerical approach. This paper proposes an accurate model and a finite element numerical approach of cathode design based on the potential distribution in inter-electrode gap. In order to ensure the convergence of finite element numerical approach and increase the accuracy in cathode design, the cathode shape should be iterated to eliminate the design errors in computational process. Several experiments are conducted to verify the machining accuracy of the designed cathode. The experimental results have proven perfect convergence and good computing accuracy of the proposed finite element numerical approach by the high surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the machined blades.     

On Nonlinear-Evolution of C-type Instability in Nonparallel Boundary Layers

The process of evolution, especially that of nonlinear evolution, of C-type instability of laminar-turbulent flow transition in nonparallel boundary layers are studied by means of a newly developed method called parabolic stability equations （PSE）. Initial conditions, which are very important for the nonlinear problem, are investigated by computing initial solution of the harmonic waves, modifying the mean-flow-distortion, and giving initial value of TS wave and its subharmonic waves at initial station by solving linear PSE. A numerical method with high-order accuracy are developed in the text, the key normalization conditions in the PSE are satisfied, and nonlinear PSE are solved efficiently and implemented stably by the spatial marching. It has been shown that the computed process of nonlinear evolution of C-type instability in Blasius boundary layer is in good agreement with the experimental results.