轴向过载下固体推进剂药柱变形研究

采用Φ315试验发动机,对某新型推进剂翼槽型药柱进行了10g,20g,30g和35g的轴向过载离心实验,测量了药柱前端面靠近内孔处测点的位移;并运用三维线性粘弹性有限元模型,对离心实验过程进行了数值模拟,以确定固体推进剂药柱在轴向过载作用下的变形问题。结果表明,计算值与实验结果符合较好,证实了粘弹性有限元模型适用于过载条件下药柱变形的研究。     

缘板及叶冠间的接触状况及其对叶片位移和应力的影响

1.计算方法及其实验验证 本文用分析法见文献[1],这里以WS9高压二级涡轮转子叶片(简称WS9叶片)为例来说明方法的特点。该转子轮盘上均匀安装110片叶片,组成具有循环对称接触结构的叶片环,有接触表面的循环对称结构。据此,可将图1所示的一片叶片取作基本段分析,但同时必须在该叶片一般有限元刚度方程中引入缘板及叶冠的循环对称接触表面(叶冠的A1侧面与A2侧面,以及缘板的B1侧面与B2侧面)处的循环对称接触     

A progressive approach to predict shot peening process parameters for forming integral panel of Al7050-T7451

In this paper, a progressive approach to predict the multiple shot peening process parameters for complex integral panel is proposed. Firstly, the invariable parameters in the forming process including shot size, mass flow, peening distance and peening angle are determined according to the empirical and machine type. Then, the optimal value of air pressure for the whole shot peening is selected by the experimental data. Finally, the feeding speed for every shot peening path is predicted by regression equation. The integral panel part with thickness from 2 mm to 5 mm and curvature radius from 3200 mm to 16000 mm is taken as a research object, and four experiments are conducted. In order to design specimens for acquiring the forming data, one experiment is conducted to compare the curvature radius of the plate and stringer-structural specimens, which were peened along the middle of the two stringers. The most striking finding of this experiment is that the outer shape error range is below 3.9%, so the plate specimens can be used in predicting feeding speed of the integral panel. The second experiment is performed and results show that when the coverage reaches the limit of 80%, the minimum feeding speed is 50 mm/s. By this feeding speed, the forming curvature radius of the specimens with different thickness from the third experiment is measured and compared with the research object, and the optimal air pressure is 0.15 MPa. Then, the plate specimens with thickness from 2 mm to 5 mm are peened in the fourth experiment, and the measured curvature radius data are used to calculate the feeding speed of different shot peening path by regressive analysis method. The algorithm is validated by forming a test part and the average deviation is 0.496 mm. It is shown that the approach can realize the forming of the integral panel precisely.     

航天器设备动力学分析模型简化方法与应用

针对航天器设备因构成复杂引起的动力学分析模型建模困难问题,提出一种基于拓扑优化技术的有限元模型简化方法,以设备实测质量特性为约束条件,通过拓扑优化方法确定设备有限元模型可行设计空间中的材料分布,实现对结构刚度性能的模拟,获得满足动力学特性分析需要的简化的设备有限元模型。应用该方法创建了某星敏感器简化有限元模型,得到的星敏感器简化模型与产品实际质量、质心位置和转动惯量特性基本一致,并且前两阶频率分析值与试验值之间最大偏差约为30%。将该简化模型应用于其支撑结构的动态响应性能评估,两者组合体固有频率及加速度响应趋势的分析数据在450Hz以下的频率范围内与试验数据吻合较好,固有频率最大偏差约为39%。星敏感器简化模型的应用验证了基于拓扑优化技术的有限元模型简化建模方法的可行性,为航天器上复杂设备动力学分析有限元模型的简化建模提供了一种新的解决途径。     

桁架结构的静动态特性有限元分析

通过对桁架结构的静、动态分析,探讨如何建立桁架的有限元模型及计算方法,并利用MSC．Patran／Nastran程序对该结构进行静、动态分析计算,计算结果与实际情况吻合。     

Mechanical behavior and properties of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites for high temperature use

Ceramics can keep their mechanical characteristics up to 2 000℃ or higher.In this paper,A model to predict ultimate strength of continuous fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composites is developed.A statistical theory for the strength of a uni-axially fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composite is presented.Also a semi-empirical frictional heating method for estimating in-situ interfacial shear in fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites was improved.Local uneven fiber packing variation as well as uneven micro-damage during fatigue can be expected to have effects on the composites:generation of frictional heating,thermal gradients,and residual stresses around local fiber breaks.This study examined those engineering interests by the finite element method.      

An error analysis and optimization method for combined measurement with binocular vision

The accurate measurement of surfaces of large aviation components is vital for the assessment of manufacturing and assembly quality of such components. To satisfy the measurement requirement of large-size components, most current researches pay more attention to combined measurement methods utilizing different measuring instruments, but the related researches on error analysis and optimization methods are not taken enough attention. This paper proposes a combined laser-assisted measurement method with feature enhancement techniques, and it also develops an error propagation model of the main factors affecting the overall measurement error in detail. Firstly, the surface of a large-size component is measured by the measurement system at multiple stations. Secondly, a control point coordinate system is established as a bridge to unify all local measurement data into the global coordinate system. To improve the overall measurement accuracy, the pixel extraction error as a key factor causing the overall measurement error is analyzed in detail. Next, the error propagation model is established, and some optimization strategies of layout for minimizing measurement error and transformation error are researched. Finally, experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the measurement error of the proposed method reaches 0.073% and 0.14% with a 1D standard ruler and a flat plate, respectively.     

定容燃烧弹实验系统及C7燃料火焰速度测量

设计并搭建了适用于测量高温、高压条件下层流火焰传播速度的定容燃烧弹实验系统。详细介绍了定容燃烧弹实验系统的主要子系统的构成和功能,并阐述实验数据处理方法。测量初始温度为400K、压力为0.1MPa和0.3MPa,C7燃料(甲苯、甲基环己烷、正庚烷)/空气层流火焰传播速度,并与现有文献结果进行了对比。结果表明:该定容燃烧弹实验系统具有较高的可靠性,不仅能够准确测量较高初始温度、不同初始压力条件下燃料/空气的层流火焰传播速度,而且能够拓宽测量火焰传播速度当量比的范围。      

飞机着陆进近穿越风切变的轨迹响应

大气紊流和风切变对飞行活动影响较大,尤以低空风切变危害最大,严重威胁着民航飞行的安全。鉴于飞行器对抗大气扰动的实际能力有限,正确的飞行对策是回避或改出危险的大气扰动区。本文对某训练飞机着陆进近遭遇风切变时飞机轨迹的变化进行了模拟仿真计算。结果表明,采用恒定迎角策略,即采用最大允许迎角（抖动迎角）和最大油门时,改出效果最佳。同时计算出了某训练飞机在水平风为0时,所能抵抗的最大垂直阵风强度;以及在垂直阵风为0时,所能抵抗的最大水平风强度。     

采用SMA驱动的小型空间磁悬浮飞轮锁紧机构

磁悬浮飞轮锁紧机构在卫星发射时锁紧飞轮,减小其振动和冲击载荷;在发射后解锁,保证飞轮正常工作.目前已有的以火工品或步进电机驱动的锁紧机构具有冲击大、体积较大、不可重复使用等缺点.提出了一种采用形状记忆合金(SMA, Shape Memory Alloy)驱动的空间磁悬浮飞轮锁紧机构的设计方案,并在Liang本构模型的基础上发展了机构驱动单元的设计方法.之后,完成了锁紧机构的样机研制和调试,并开展了地面的性能测试、振动试验和高温环境试验.研究结果表明:SMA锁紧机构安装体积小,在星载28 V电压下能在6 s内完全锁紧,在1 s内完全解锁,并能够通过振动和环境实验.SMA驱动的磁悬浮飞轮锁紧机构具有锁紧力大、同步性好、可重复使用、低冲击、无污染等优势,有很大的工程应用潜力.