On high-altitude electric fields in the auroral downward current region and their coupling to ionospheric electric fields

The downward field-aligned current region plays an active role in magnetosphere–ionosphere coupling processes associated with aurora. A quasi-static electric field structure with a downward parallel electric field forms at altitudes between 800 km and 5000 km, accelerating ionospheric electrons upward, away from the auroral ionosphere. Other phenomena including energetic ion conics, electron solitary waves, low-frequency wave activity, and plasma density cavities occur in this region, which also acts as a source region for VLF saucers. Results are presented from high-altitude Cluster observations with particular emphasis on the characteristics and dynamics of quasi-static electric field structures. These, extending up to altitudes of at least 4–5 Earth radii, appear commonly as monopolar or bipolar electric fields. The former occur at sharp boundaries, such as the polar cap boundary whereas the bipolar fields occur at softer boundaries within the plasma sheet. The temporal evolution of quasi-static electric field structures, as captured by the pearls-on-a-string configuration of the Cluster spacecraft, indicates that the formation of electric field structures and of ionospheric plasma density cavities are closely coupled processes. A related feature of the downward current is a broadening of the current sheet with time, possibly related to the depletion process. Preliminary studies of the coupling of electric fields in the downward current region, show that small-scale structures are typically decoupled from the ionosphere, similar to what has been found for the upward current region. However, exceptions are also found where small-scale electric fields couple perfectly between the ionosphere and Cluster altitudes. Recent FAST results indicate that the degree of coupling differs between sheet-like and curved structures, and that it is typically partial. The electric field coupling further depends on the current–voltage relationship, which is highly non-linear in the downward current region, and still unrevealed, as to its specific form.     

离子发动机栅极系统中束流离子的三维模拟

应用网格质点法,对离子发动机栅极系统进行了三维数值模拟.模拟得到了离子发动机栅极系统中的电场分布、离子运动轨迹、离子在计算域内的空间分布和相空间分布等.计算结果表明,屏栅的离子透明度为69.3%,大于其物理透明度67.1%,加速栅的离子透明度为100%,远大于其物理透明度31.1%,说明所选模拟工况参数合理.模拟结果可以为离子发动机栅极的初步设计提供理论参考.      

机载计算机B型前锁紧装置的设计研究和应用

以机载计算机所使用的后矩形电连接器的需求为出发点,以G JB441-88《机载电子设备机箱、安装架的安装形式和基本尺寸》的规定为基础,重点研究了B型前锁紧装置的工作原理、结构设计以及在工程中的应用,针对可能出现的问题给出解决的方法。采用Autodesk Inventor三维设计软件进行结构设计,对设计结果采用MSC.Fatigue软件进行强度仿真,根据仿真结果对设计进行优化。设计开发出一套符合相关技术要求的B型前锁紧装置。列举几种已通过的典型的试验环境,证明该结构设计合理可行,满足机载电子设备的使用要求。     

电推进飞行试验在轨诊断技术

文章介绍了国外在电推进空间飞行试验或型号应用中采用在轨诊断技术的情况,结合电推进系统飞行性能测量和电推进系统与应用航天器之间相互作用的研究,讨论和评价了电推进在轨诊断技术。     

Electric field and ion density anomalies in the mid latitude ionosphere: Possible connection with earthquakes?

The problem of earthquake prediction has stimulated the search for a correlation between seismic activity and ionospherical anomalies. We found observational evidence of possible earthquake effects in the near-equatorial and low latitude ionosphere; these ionospheric anomalies have been proposed by Gousheva et al. [Gousheva, M., Glavcheva, R., Danov, D., Angelov P., Hristov, P., Influence of earthquakes on the electric field disturbances in the ionosphere on board of the Intercosmos-Bulgaria-1300 satellite. Compt. Rend. Acad. Bulg. Sci. 58 (8) 911–916, 2005a; Gousheva, M., Glavcheva, R., Danov, D., Angelov, P., Hristov, P., Kirov, B., Georgieva, K., Observation from the Intercosmos-Bulgaria-1300 satellite of anomalies associated with seismic activity. In: Poster Proceeding of 2nd International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies: Space in the Service of Society, RAST ‘2005, June 9–11, Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 119–123, 2005b; Gousheva, M., Glavcheva, R., Danov, D., Angelov, P., Hristov, P., Kirov, B., Georgieva, K., Satellite monitoring of anomalous effects in the ionosphere probably related to strong earthquakes. Adv. Space Res. 37 (4), 660–665, 2006]. This paper presents new results from observations of the quasi-static electric field and ion density on board INTERCOSMOS-BULGARIA-1300 satellite in the mid latitude ionosphere above sources of moderate earthquakes. Data from INTERCOSMOS-BULGARIA-1300 satellite and seismic data (World Data Center, Denver, Colorado, USA) for magnetically quiet and medium quiet days are juxtaposed in time-space domain. For satellite’s orbits in the time period 15.09–01.10.1981 an increase in the horizontal and vertical components of the quasi-static electric field and fluctuations of the ion density are observed over zones of forthcoming seismic events. Some similar post effects are observed too. The emphasis of this paper is put on the anomalies which specify the mid latitude ionosphere. The obtained results contain important information because they confirm our previous results for near-equatorial and low latitude regions.     

基于模糊PID算法的电动执行机构控制系统研究

电动执行器通过控制电机的旋转来驱动负载运动,通过上位机来控制电机的运行,将信号转化为对应的机械位移,从而实现对目标的位移控制。建立了无刷直流电机的数学模型并介绍控制策略,将传统PID (比例\积分\微分) 和模糊PID进行比较,详细介绍了模糊算法的模糊化、建立模糊规则库和解模糊化等3个关键步骤。用脉宽调制技术进行对电机的驱动,最后通过试验对系统的控制性能和动态响应性能进行测试。试验结果表明,基于模糊PID算法所搭建的电动执行机构控制系统工作稳定,可以达到控制需要而且具有良好的动态性能。     

掺杂nc-Si:H薄膜中纳米硅晶粒的择优生长

发现PECVD生长的系列掺杂氢化纳米硅(nc-Si:H)薄膜中纳米硅晶粒(nc-Si)有择优生长的趋势.用Raman、XRD、AFM、HRTEM等方法研究其微观结构时发现:掺磷的nc-Si:H薄膜XRD 峰位的二倍衍射角约为33°.掺硼nc-Si:H薄膜的XRD峰位的二倍衍射角约为47°.用自由能密度与序参量的关系结合实验参数分析得到:较高的衬底温度引起序参量改变,使掺磷nc-Si:H薄膜中nc-Si的晶面择优生长.适当的电场作用引起序参量改变,导致掺硼nc-Si:H薄膜在一定的自由能密度范围内nc-Si的晶面择优生长.      

飞行控制用无刷直流电动机的结构设计

飞行控制中机电作动系统的发展是全电飞机的重要技术之一,而高速大功率密度的无刷直流电动机是其中的关键部件.为得到这种高速大功率密度的无刷直流电动机的高的机械可靠性、电气可靠性和热可靠性,提出了采用特殊转子护套、双重绕组、旋转变压器和冷却风道等技术措施,达到了预期的效果.最后展示样机的试验结果.      

地球静止轨道卫星电推进位保策略研究

研究了利用电推进系统进行GEO卫星轨道保持问题,给出了一种基于日预报的位置保持策略。首先,根据GEO卫星轨道漂移规律,分析了小推力推进系统每日进行位保的可行性;然后,针对四电推力器配置构型,给出了每日轨道误差、各推力器工作时间与区间的预测方法;进一步,针对给定的定点位置,根据位保效果对电推进安装角进行了优化选择,并研究了推力变化对位保效果和燃料消耗的影响。以东经100°定点为例对所给方法进行了仿真验证,数值结果表明:所给策略可有效用于GEO卫星位置保持。