直升机旋翼/机体耦合非线性系统的动稳定性分析

为了准确反映直升机旋翼／机体耦合系统的动稳定性，建立了旋翼／机体耦合非线性动力学微分方程，在时域内求解微分方程得到各片桨叶的挥舞、摆振及机体的响应用以对系统进行数值模拟；为了获得系统稳定性的定量值，用快速傅立叶变换(FFT)确定模态频率，用基于傅立叶级数的移动矩形窗方法得到模态阻尼。地面共振分析表明，时域分析与特征值分析结果具有良好的相关性，并与试验值吻合，从而验证了该方法的有效性。大总距时，用时域分析得到的模态阻尼与试验值吻合得更好，该方法可用于具有非线性减摆器的直升机旋翼／机体耦合系统的动稳定性分析。     

Optimal assimilation for ionospheric weather – Theoretical aspect

Observation, specification and prediction of ionospheric weather are the key scientific pursuits of space physicists, which largely based on an optimal assimilation system. The optimal assimilation system, or commonly called data assimilation system, consists of dynamic process, observation system and optimal estimation procedure. We attempt to give a complete framework in this paper under which the data assimilation procedure carries through. We discuss some crucial issues of data assimilation as follows: modeling a dynamic system for ionospheric weather; state estimation for static or steady system in sense of optimization and likelihood; state and its uncertainty estimation for dynamic process. Meanwhile we also discuss briefly the observability of an observation system; system parameter identification. Some data assimilation procedures existed at present are reviewed in the framework of this paper. As an example, a second order dynamic system is discussed in more detail to illustrate the specific optimal assimilation procedure, ranging from modeling the system, state and its uncertainty calculation, to the quantitatively integration of dynamic law, measurement to significantly reduce the estimation error. The analysis shows that the optimal assimilation model, with mathematical core of optimal estimation, differs from the theoretical, empirical and semi-empirical models in assimilating measured data, being constrained by physical law and being optimized respectively. The data assimilation technique, due to its optimization and integration feature, could obtain better accurate results than those obtained by dynamic process, measurement or their statistical analysis alone. The model based on optimal assimilation meets well with the criterion of the model or algorithm assessment by ‘space weather metrics’. More attention for optimal assimilation procedure creation should be paid to transition matrix finding, which is usually not easy for practical space weather system. High performance computing hardware and software studies should be promoted further so as to meet the requirement of large storage and extensive computation in the optimal estimation. The discussion in this paper is appropriate for the static or steady state or transition process of dynamic system. Many phenomena in space environment are unstable and chaos. So space environment study should include and integrate these two branches of learning. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

二维过渡区含化学反应的喷流干扰流场DSMC/EPSM仿真

构造可仿真含化学反应的稀薄／连续不同流动区域的DSMC／EPSM混合算法，应用该算法，数值模拟过渡区有横向喷流干扰的二维有限平板高超声速化学反应流场，分析流场结构和物面气动系数分布等特性，充分反映稀薄／连续混合区域高超声速流动中的化学反应效应，同时通过与DSMC算法比较，论证DSMC／EPSM混合算法的可行性与计算效率相对提高的优越性。     

基于发动机非线性响应的辨识线性模型方法

研究利用航空发动机的非线性响应，辩识多个基准状态下线性模型的方法。将发动机的非线性动态模型描述为Volterra级数模型，利用一种鲁棒的自适应辨识算法实现它的辩识，将模型的高阶部分去掉，就得到了发动机的小偏差脉冲响应函数模型，然后可将其转化为其它形式的线性动态模型。利用某型涡扇发动机仿真对方法进行检验，求出若干基准状态下的线性模型，对比表明，得到的线性模型比较准确。可实现利用飞参数据辨识发动机多状态的线性模型。     

飞机滑行动态响应分析

采用时域确定性方法,建立了机身-起落架系统分析模型,分析了飞机在不平跑道上滑行的动态响应,并对某机型采用不同形式减震器———常油孔及变油孔的情况进行了计算、分析和比较。结果表明,变油孔设计能够明显改善飞机滑行的动态性能。     

微型飞行器的动态特性与飞行控制研究

为把微型飞行器设计成为真正实用的作战武器,在对其气动特性研究的基础上,提出了需及时研究其动态特性的特征和自主飞行控制的设计等问题.最后,结合已经开展的研究工作,探讨了微型飞行器飞行控制系统的组成结构、硬件构成和系统集成等设想.     

转子高速动平衡技术在涡轴发动机整机减振中的作用

完成了动力涡轮转子平衡破坏后的重新高速动平衡试验 ,效果良好。对动力涡轮转子平衡破坏后及重新高速动平衡后的涡轴发动机在整机台架试车中的整机振动进行了测量和分析 ,结果表明 :动力涡轮转子的高速动平衡对减小涡轴发动机的整机振动有显著效果。柔性转子的高速动平衡技术在涡轴发动机整机减振中有着十分重要的作用      

高速陶瓷滚动轴承等效刚度分析与试验

高速旋转机械,尤其是微小型发动机广泛采用陶瓷滚动轴承。轴承支承刚度对高速转子——支承系统的动力特性有重要的影响。滑动轴承已有比较系统的动力特性数据库可供参考使用;滚动轴承一般按经验公式估算其刚度特性或简化为定常的弹性元件,但误差较大。本文分析了影响滚动轴承等效刚度的主要因素,提出了滚动轴承等效刚度的计算方法,并设计了试验装置,对陶瓷轴承的等效刚度进行测试。理论分析和试验取得了比较一致的结果。      

基于动态模糊观测器的故障诊断方法研究

研究了T S模糊系统中存在未知输入、多重故障时的诊断问题,提出了基于动态模糊观测器的诊断方法。仿真结果表明,该方法推理简单,解耦多重故障准确有效。     

飞行员抗荷系统动态特性数学模型

研究建立了飞行员抗荷系统动态模型,包括过载—眼动脉血压子模型、人体正加压呼吸子模型、抗荷阀—抗荷服子模型、面罩子模型、后倾座椅子模型、抗荷动作子模型、抗荷服压力—主动脉输出压子模型等部分。该模型可计算不同过载谱、不同抗荷装备条件下的飞行员过载耐限和耐受时间。研究结果表明,在GOR、ROR、SACM等不同过载谱条件下人体过载耐限值的计算结果与实验数据符合良好。