固溶温度对定向凝固高温合金DZ22的组织和性能的影响

 随着固溶温度的提高,显微组织发生明显的变化,共晶Υ′相和初生的粗大Υ′相不断回溶,重新析出更多更细的Υ′相。与此同时,晶界状态也逐渐变成“细线”状。元素的枝晶偏析减小,中、高温的纵向持久寿命增加。但是,中温横向持久寿命显著降低。在试验中测定了DZ22合金的初熔温度为1230～1240°C,并进行了提高初熔温度的试验。文中讨论了确定定向凝固合金回溶温度的原则,根据试验结果,认为DZ22台金选用1200～1210°C为宜。     

空间推进系统的故障推理研究

空间推进系统必须可靠地完成轨道保持、轨道修正、姿态控制的重要任务 ,要求当其某一功能模块出现故障时、能及时发现并有效隔离。文中介绍了利用有向图方法分析此推进系统故障传播机理的方法 ,并建立相应的故障推理模型。离线检测和理论分析表明 ,此方法逻辑性强 ,简单高效 ,具有空间实时应用的可能性     

电子束区熔定向凝固Nb基高温合金的组织和性能

研究了Nb-Si-Ti-Hf-Cr-Al-B-Y合金在电子束区熔炉上的定向凝固组织、室温断裂韧性和高温瞬时拉伸性能.合金的组织主要由Nb基固溶体(Nbss)、α-(Nb)5Si3和(Nb)3Si相组成.定向凝固后,初生Nbss枝晶以及Nbss α-(Nb)5Si3/(Nb)3Si层片状或棒状共晶团均沿着试棒轴线定向排列.当电子枪移动速率R=2.4 mm/min时,定向效果最好.定向凝固使合金在1250℃的拉伸强度及室温断裂韧性均显著提高.R=2.4 mm/min试棒的抗拉强度最高,达85.0 MPa,同时其室温断裂韧性也达到19.4 MPa·m1/2.     

共轴式直升机半差动航向操纵的动态响应分析

根据经典的垂直飞行涡流理论及共轴式直升机半差动航向操纵的结构特征,推导了共轴双旋翼直升机垂直飞行的航向动力学方程.运用有关共轴双旋翼在悬停及垂直飞行状态时气动特性的理论和实验数据,得出了共轴双旋翼直升机垂直飞行航向动力学方程的解析式.分析结果与该型直升机飞行特性一致.     

地面和机载Ku波段定向天线的标定方法

提出了一种以地球同步轨道卫星作为参考物、利用GPS位置对Ku波段地面及机载定向天线进行快速标定的方法;研究了将地心大地坐标变换到地心空间直角坐标参数和将地心空间直角坐标变换到站心极坐标的计算方法;给出了定向天线的标定实施步骤。测试结果表明,地面定向天线标定角度误差可达0.1°,机载定向天线标定角度误差可达1°,该标定精度可以满足大部分应用需求。     

非完整配置下姿态翻滚抑制的滑动控制

本文讨论了以非完整的单向推力器系统为执行机构时，刚性航天器的去翻滚控制问题。针对共面扰量降维完整配置，通过状态变换将其转化为变换系统的零扰量控制问题，基于滑动控制律实现了姿态角速度的淅进镇定，表明利用三个适当配置的单向推力器可以实现支翻滚任务。仿真结果证实了所述方法的有效性。     

浮动断接器热控设计与仿真

浮动断接器作为在轨补加接头,是两航天器液路和气路的连通和断开的接口部件,可以实现两航天器之间的燃料、氧化剂的传输。浮动断接器一般安装在航天器的头部或尾部,外热流条件严酷,为保证其合适的工作温度,有效的热控制措施非常关键。以推进剂补加用浮动断接器作为研究对象,建立了浮动断接器物理模型,分析了其外部极端热环境,采用传热学的辐射以及热传导理论,形成热控设计方案。根据边界温度以及宇宙空间的外热流极端条件,应用IDEAS/TMG热分析软件进行了不同工况下的热分析仿真计算,在此基础上对热控方案进行了优化设计。分析结果表明:采用主动热控和被动热控相结合的热控措施可以满足浮动断接器正常工作的温度指标要求,热控设计合理可行。     

嫦娥一号卫星定向天线动力学仿真分析

采用大型有限元软件MSC.NASTRAN,对嫦娥一号卫星定向天线压紧与展开两种工作状态下的模态与压紧状态下的加速度动力学响应,进行数值计算分析.针对双轴定向天线结构特点,结合双轴电机试验参数,引入扭簧单元对双轴电机结构进行模拟,并将天线压紧状态下的固有频率和关键点的加速度响应计算结果与试验结果进行了对比分析,两者具有较...     

Investigation on the Orientation Transition of Oriented Magnetostrictive TbDyFe Crystals

<110> and <112> TbDyFe magnetostrictive oriented crystals were prepared by the zone-melting unidirectional solidification method at 240 mm/h and 720 mm/h respectively. <112> oriented crystals were also obtained with <110> oriented seeds with the same technique as for growing the <112> oriented crystals. It is confirmed that this technique is stable for growing the oriented crystals in the TbDyFe alloys. Meanwhile, the variation of orientation, the solidification morphology and the magnetostriction were studied during the transition from <110> oriented seeds to the <112> oriented crystal growth. As the growth speeds up, the preferred orientation changed from <110> to <112>, and its morphology develops from of initial cellular to dendritic gradually. When an axial compressive pre-stress of 10 MPa is applied, the magnetostriction at the bottom, the middle and the top are 972×10-6, 918×10-6 and 900×10-6 at 100 mT respec-tively. The middle sections with mixed orientations have the same high magnetostriction performance as those with a single preferred orientation, which may be due to its celluar-dendritic morphology.     

Verb Semantics Affects the Interpretation of Spatial Prepositions

Abstract

Spatial prepositions, more specifically projective prepositions, such as in front of or behind can be interpreted in different ways. Their interpretation depends on the spatial perspective taken as the basis for determining the reference frame's orientation. In 3 series of placement experiments with German speakers, we examined whether the interpretation of projective prepositions in a motion context is affected by the verb used in a spatial instruction. Results suggest that verb semantics is a factor accounting for previously observed seemingly social-situational differences in the interpretation of projective prepositions. Specifically, the findings indicate that, relative to a car as reference object, the semantic aspect of motion interruption associated with some verbs leads to a higher proportion of deictic interpretations determined by the direction from which one is approaching the car. This verb effect on the interpretation of spatial prepositions can be explained by an activation of the temporal dimension through stop-implying verbs, which is integrated into the spatial situation model of the perceived dynamic scene making the deictic frame of reference more compatible. The experimental evidence also shows that verb semantics can account for previously unexplained cross-linguistic differences, and is related to patterns concerning the prepositional inventory of languages.