压力敏感涂料的标定及在气膜冷却效率测量中的应用

采用自行设计的标定装置对压力敏感涂料进行了标定实验,研究了激励光源光强、温度两种参数对标定曲线的影响.结果表明:当激励光源光强能够使得光敏分子发生氧猝熄条件下,激励光源光强对标定曲线的影响可以忽略不计;标定曲线对温度变化较为敏感.据此提出了采用二维插值方法得出发射光强关于压力比、温度比的表达式,从而对测量结果进行温度修正.在此基础上,将压力敏感涂料测试技术分别应用于圆柱孔、扇形孔气膜冷却效率的测量中,所得实验数据与前人结果符合较好.      

速度梯度对圆柱探针测量的影响及修正

圆柱探针在测量有横向速度梯度的流场时,会得出偏离真实值的结果.通过数值与实验研究,发现此影响主要为对来流方向的测量偏差,与真实值的差异为向低速区的一个偏差角;另外一个影响是使测得的速度值偏大一点.通过详细的数值模拟得出了偏差角及速度大小与来流速度梯度之间的关系,并在实验中得到了验证.最后将此修正方法用于叶栅实验测量数据,得到了较好的修正效果.      

空袭作战远距离支援干扰空域划设研究

针对远距离支援干扰空域划设确定空域大小和中心点位置这一问题,提出了一种基于最大航迹偏差和遗传算法的空域划设方法。参考飞机基本性能,考虑干扰飞机受空中风和飞行员操纵误差的影响,以航迹最大偏差为基准确定空域大小;选取干扰飞机作战时的3个常用代价指标进行加权,利用遗传算法搜索不同作战要求下空域中心点位置;最后根据建立的模型对实例进行仿真计算,并分析了不同权重下的空域位置选择。仿真结果验证了方法的可行性,有效综合了干扰时实际代价因素。     

A new method for improving the performance of an ionospheric model developed by multi-instrument measurements based on artificial neural network

There are remarkable ionospheric discrepancies between space-borne (COSMIC) measurements and ground-based (ionosonde) observations, the discrepancies could decrease the accuracies of the ionospheric model developed by multi-source data seriously. To reduce the discrepancies between two observational systems, the peak frequency (foF2) and peak height (hmF2) derived from the COSMIC and ionosonde data are used to develop the ionospheric models by an artificial neural network (ANN) method, respectively. The averaged root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of COSPF (COSMIC peak frequency model), COSPH (COSMIC peak height model), IONOPF (Ionosonde peak frequency model) and IONOPH (Ionosonde peak height model) are 0.58 MHz, 19.59 km, 0.92 MHz and 23.40 km, respectively. The results indicate that the discrepancies between these models are dependent on universal time, geographic latitude and seasons. The peak frequencies measured by COSMIC are generally larger than ionosonde’s observations in the nighttime or middle-latitudes with the amplitude of lower than 25%, while the averaged peak height derived from COSMIC is smaller than ionosonde’s data in the polar regions. The differences between ANN-based maps and references show that the discrepancies between two ionospheric detecting techniques are proportional to the intensity of solar radiation. Besides, a new method based on the ANN technique is proposed to reduce the discrepancies for improving ionospheric models developed by multiple measurements, the results indicate that the RMSEs of ANN models optimized by the method are 14–25% lower than the models without the application of the method. Furthermore, the ionospheric model built by the multiple measurements with the application of the method is more powerful in capturing the ionospheric dynamic physics features, such as equatorial ionization, Weddell Sea, mid-latitude summer nighttime and winter anomalies. In conclusion, the new method is significant in improving the accuracy and physical characteristics of an ionospheric model based on multi-source observations.     

Contribution analysis of QZSS to single-frequency PPP of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo

The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) established by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency mainly serves the Asia-Pacific region and its surrounding areas. Currently, four in-orbit satellites provide services. Most users of GNSS in the mass market use single-frequency (SF) receivers owing to the low cost. Therefore, it is meaningful to analyze and evaluate the contribution of the QZSS to SF precise point positioning (PPP) of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo systems with the emergence of GNSS and QZSS. This study compares the performances of three SF PPP models, namely the GRoup and PHase Ionospheric Correction (GRAPHIC) model, GRAPHIC with code observation model, and an ionosphere-constrained model, and evaluated the contribution of the QZSS to the SF PPP of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo systems. Moreover, the influence of code bias on the SF PPP of the BDS system is also analyzed. A two-week dataset (DOY 013–026, 2019) from 10 stations of the MGEX network is selected for validation, and the results show that: (1) For cut-off elevation angles of 15, 20, and 25°, the convergence times for the static SF PPP of GLONASS + QZSS are reduced by 4.3, 30.8, and 12.7%, respectively, and the positioning accuracy is similar compared with that of the GLONASS system. Compared with the BDS single system, the convergence times for the static SF PPP of BDS + QZSS under 15 and 25° are reduced by 37.6 and 39.2%, the horizontal positioning accuracies are improved by 18.6 and 14.1%, and the vertical components are improved by 13.9 and 21.4%, respectively. At cut-off elevation angles of 15, 20, and 25°, the positioning accuracy and precision of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo + QZSS is similar to that of GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo. And the convergence times are reduced by 7.4 and 4.3% at cut-off elevation angles of 20 and 25°, respectively. In imitating dynamic PPP, the QZSS significantly improves the positioning accuracy of BDS and GLONASS. However, QZSS has little effect on the GPS-only, Galileo-only and GPS/BDS/GLONASS/Galileo. (2) The code bias of BDS IGSO and MEO cannot be ignored in SF PPP. In static SF PPP, taking the frequency band of B1I whose multipath combination is the largest among the frequency bands as an example, the vertical component has a systematic bias of approximately 0.4–1.0 m. After correcting the code bias, the positioning error in the vertical component is lower than 0.2 m, and the positioning accuracy in the horizontal component are improved accordingly. (3) The SF PPP model with ionosphere constraints has a better convergence speed, while the positioning accuracy of the three models is nearly equal. Therefore the GRAPHIC model can be used to get good positioning accuracy in the absence of external ionosphere products, but its convergence speed is slower.     

运载火箭全捷联惯性/星光复合制导研究

全捷联惯性/星光复合制导是运载火箭空间快速响应发射的重要途径.针对捷联惯性制导系统中初始定位定向误差、初始调平对准误差及惯性器件漂移等3类主要误差因素,建立了运载火箭的数字平台基准偏差模型和导航误差模型,并提出了一种双星修正策略方案.数值仿真分析了各误差因素对捷联惯性导航精度的影响,并进一步验证了该复合制导方案的可行性...     

模拟来流参数误差对固体冲压发动机地面试验结果影响的评估

在固冲发动机地面试验中,模拟来流误差对试验结果有很大影响,开展相关影响评估研究具有重要的理论意义和工程价值.基于一维气动理论,结合某试验固冲发动机,采用小偏差方法评估模拟来流误差对试验结果的影响,给出了发动机性能参数时模拟误差的敏感系数和小偏差方法的适用范围,提出了一套较完整的考虑模拟误差的固冲发动机性能计算方法和固冲...     

弹道导弹中段机动突防制导误差修正方法

针对弹道导弹中段反拦截实时机动突防带来的参数偏差问题,给出了在地球非球形摄动影响下的位置和速度偏差量的计算方法,采用改进的fg级数和预测制导方法获得了机动推力的作用方向及发动机的开启时间,并对再入点误差进行了修正。仿真结果表明,采用该方法可有效地修正因机动突防与地球扁率而引起的再入点参数误差,为末制导系统的工作提供了良...     

星载GPS天线相位中心偏差对定位精度影响的试验方法研究

介绍星载GPS天线相位中心偏差的概念,简要分析GPS天线相位中心变化对GPS定位精度的影响,并建立相应的数学模型。利用已有的多台星载GPS天线、载波相位测量方式的星载GPS接收机,进行GPS天线相位中心偏差测试以及接收机绝对定位精度、相对定位精度测试,测量、统计天线相位中心偏差与GPS接收机绝对定位精度和相对定位精度的对应数据,对误差模型进行验证。     

涡轮叶片精铸模具陶芯定位元件逆向调整算法

针对空心涡轮叶片蜡型压制过程中陶芯定位元件补偿量难以量化问题,提出了基于蜡型壁厚测量结果的逆向解析算法.通过建立陶芯定位误差传递模型和逆向调整模型,确定了陶芯壁厚偏差与定位元件补偿量之间的映射关系.运用超声脉冲反射法对一组蜡型进行壁厚测量,根据测量结果逆向调整陶芯定位元件尺寸并重新压制蜡型进行对比分析.结果表明,该方法...