煤油温度对于爆震波形成影响的实验研究

在内径为30mm的脉冲爆震发动机模型上，以煤油为燃料，以空气为氧化剂，成功地进行了两相爆震实验，获得了充分发展的脉冲爆震波。测试了在化学恰当比，不同爆震频率及燃油温度下的爆震波压力，并对其变化进行了分析。通过分析实验结果发现，在化学恰当比下，爆震频率不变时，煤油温度的升高明显促进了爆震的形成，在内径小于混合物胞格尺寸的爆震管内，可以形成充分发展的两相脉冲爆震波。     

基于凝相燃烧产物分析的固冲发动机补燃室硼燃烧特性研究

由于硼具有热值高、着火温度高等特点,使得其在固冲发动机中的应用成为研究的热点和难点。以开展固冲发动机条件下的硼燃烧试验研究为目的,建立了一套试验系统。基于这一试验系统,对不同轴向位置的凝相燃烧产物进行试验取样,在XRD、SEM和EDS等物理分析的基础上,对物相成分进行定量分析,研究了不同轴向位置的硼局部燃烧效率和完全燃烧效率,获得了硼燃烧效率和完全燃烧效率沿轴向的分布规律。     

含LLM-105的钝感微烟推进剂能量参数和燃烧特性

研究了2,6-二氨基-3,5-二硝基吡嗪-1-氧化物(LLM-105)与改性双基推进剂主要组分的相容性以及含LLM-105的钝感微烟推进剂的能量参数和燃烧特性.结果表明,LLM-105与改性双基推进剂的主要组分具有良好的相容性;用LLM-105逐渐取代RDX,钝感微烟推进剂的理论比冲和等容爆热降低;含LLM-105的推...     

纤维素甘油醚硝酸酯在双基推进剂中的应用

纤维素甘油醚硝酸酯NGEC是一种改性硝化棉,以NGEC为粘合剂代替NC,采用传统的无溶剂法制备了NGEC基改性双基推进剂。研究了以NGEC为粘合剂的改性双基推进剂的力学、燃烧和弹道性能及燃烧波结构。结果表明,NGEC具有较好的热塑性,NGEC基改性双基推进剂加工性能优良,其低温-40℃延伸率可达相同配方NC基改性双基推进剂的1.5倍以上,其推进剂弹道性能稳定,燃烧性能和燃烧波结构与NC基推进剂相似。因此,NGEC作为含能粘合剂代替NC,可用于改善改性双基推进剂性能的研究。     

偶氮四唑胍对含催化剂的RDX-CMDB推进剂燃烧性能的影响研究

采用浇注工艺制备了GZT部分取代RDX的系列含催化剂的RDX-CMDB推进剂样品。研究了GZT对含催化剂的RDX-CMDB推进剂的燃速、压强指数及燃烧火焰结构等燃烧性能的影响,对比分析了GZT对含催化剂和不含催化剂的RDX-CMDB推进剂燃烧行为影响不同的原因,并采用DSC实验初步研究了含GZT和催化剂的RDX-CMDB推进剂的热行为。结果发现,GZT对推进剂的火焰温度、火焰的暗区厚度、燃面上的亮点数目、燃烧表面对凝聚相的温度梯度等都呈现一定规律性的影响;在1～10 MPa内,GZT使含催化剂的RDX-CMDB推进剂燃速降低,压强指数升高;热行为研究表明,含催化剂的GZT-RDX-CMDB推进剂的DSC曲线上出现了GZT单独分解峰,且DSC的第一分解峰温随GZT的加入而减小。     

硼颗粒点火燃烧特性研究进展

硼的质量热值和体积热值极高,作为金属燃料使用具有显著的能量优势。如何充分释放硼氧化的高热量成为其应用推广的关键问题。基于半个世纪以来国内外的相关研究成果,论述了硼颗粒点火燃烧的主要过程与机理,分析了硼点火燃烧特性的影响因素与促进方法,评述了硼点火燃烧模型和数值计算的研究进展。对目前研究中存在的问题与不足进行了归纳总结,并对未来研究的重点及改进方向进行展望。     

隔板喷嘴排列方式对推力室燃烧流场影响研究

针对液氧煤油液体火箭发动机,采用全尺寸六分之一网格,设置周期性边界条件的简化模型,计算得到了喷注器面径向隔板喷嘴交错排列时推力室内三维非稳态两相湍流燃烧流场分布,与全尺寸网格计算结果基本一致,验证了算法与简化模型的有效性,并与喷注器面径向隔板喷嘴直线排列时推力室燃烧流场计算结果进行了对比.结果表明,采用全尺寸六分之一网格,也可较好地数值模拟推力室内燃烧流场;径向隔板喷嘴交错排列,不但有利于延长煤油和氧气的混合时间,使混合更加充分,提高燃烧效率和燃烧室压力,而且可增加喷嘴空间分布的均匀性,使燃烧室中雾化粒子分布更均匀,从而提高温度分布的均匀性.     

Acceleration of DDT by non-thermal plasma in a single-trial detonation tube

This paper compares the flame acceleration in single-trial dual-detonation tubes triggered by a spark plug and non-thermal plasma igniter. The low-temperature plasma was generated by an in-house novel AC-driven dielectric barrier discharge igniter, which reduces the power supply requirements and was applied in the quiescent ignition of a single-trial detonation tube. Three different types of detonation mixtures were tested with flame propagation tracked by ion probes and pressure waves recorded by high-frequency pressure transducers. The flame propagation speeds were calculated and compared based on signals from the ion probes. The detonation combustion succeeded in the dual tubes, but the deflagration-to-detonation transition could be significantly accelerated by the plasma for all mixtures, as it was shortened by more than 50% compared to that of the spark plug. The present study provides a suitable technological approach for igniters of PDEs.     

爆轰胞格尺寸的统计分析

爆轰胞格尺寸作为可燃系统的本征值,可用来确定爆轰传播时的临界尺寸,比如直管传播时的临界管径、管道突扩时的临界尺寸等。然而,该尺寸的测量具有较强的主观性。为了减少人工测量带来的不确定性,文章采用两种统计方法:概率密度函数法和自相关函数法,对数值模拟得到的不同规则程度的爆轰胞格进行了统计分析。爆轰胞格的不规则程度采用单步反应的活化能来体现。当活化能较低时(Ea=15),胞格较规则,两种统计方法得到的胞格尺寸较一致。随着活化能的增加(Ea=20),胞格开始不规则,两种统计方法也开始出现偏差。当活化能进一步增加(Ea=25、27),胞格极不规则,开始出现横波的合并,两种统计方法得到的结果出现较大的偏差。这是由于概率密度法处理爆轰波阵面三波点规则时,没有考虑迹线上能量的分布,而自相关函数法根据三波点上的涡量值对胞格尺寸进行统计分析,因此,该方法得到的爆轰胞格尺寸比概率函数法更能真实体现可燃系统的爆轰特性。     

Standing window of oblique detonation with pathological behaviour

Standing of an Oblique Detonation Wave (ODW) on a wedge within combustor is the prerequisite of thrust generation for ODW engine which is regarded as a novel and conceptual propulsion device with hypersonic flight Mach number. Usually a standing window of ODW is defined as the wedge angle ranged from the ODW detached angle from wedge (upper limit) to the angle that a Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) detonation occurs (lower limit). For pathological detonation cases, however, the CJ detonation cannot be achieved, and thus the lower limit of the standing window of ODW should be revisited. In present study, two types of reactions in hypersonic incoming flow that include the behavior of pathological detonation, that is, the single-step irreversible reaction with mole variation and the two-step irreversible reactions with exothermic process followed by endothermic process, have been used for studying standing behavior of ODW. The steady detonation polar analysis of ODW is carried out for both reaction systems. The results reveal that the reaction with more mole decrement and the reactions with stronger endothermic process show the pathological detonation feature and therefore modify the lower limit of standing window of ODW. Three equivalent parameters are proposed to quantitatively measure the standing window range of ODW from points of view of thermodynamics, Mach number of incoming flow and heat effect of reactions. It is found that the standing window of ODW is determined by the specific heat ratio, the overdrive degree of detonation and the endothermic level of the hypersonic incoming flow, regardless of whether the detonation is pathological or not.