载人月球探测深空站布局体系

针对载人月球探测,在我国现有深空测控资源的基础上,结合其他航天组织,如NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration,美国国家航空航天局)、ESA(European Space Agency,欧空局)等分布在全球的深空测控资源,提出了全球深空站布局体系.该体系包括我国深空站在内的8个地面站,大体形成“南四北四,均匀分布”的格局.并以美国“重返月球”计划深空站布局为参照,对比分析了布局体系的测控覆盖、三向测量和干涉测量共视弧段,讨论了布局干涉测量不同观测站三角的测角精度,可以为后续载人月球探测任务提供支持和参考.     

一种快速的星敏感器星跟踪方法研究

阐述了星敏感器中星跟踪方法的重要性,指出了目前国内外星跟踪方法的不足。针对这些不足,提出了一种全新的、快速的星跟踪方法。新的跟踪方法采用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)实现了实时的星点定位;正是由于这种技术的采用,加快了星点位置信息的获取,摈弃了跟踪窗的跟踪方法,采用简单的匹配识别的跟踪方法;对于新星的识别,由于有初始姿态而采用匹配组的识别方法。最后给出了星跟踪过程的实验结果。     

FDTD算法中的时空匹配问题及其解决方法研究

 分析指出了目前FDTD算法中的数值收敛条件破坏了其中的实际物理关系，导致了时空不匹配问题的存在，从而造成计算过程中计算量的激增和计算效率的低下，限制了FDTD算法在飞机的RCS目标特性分析过程中的实际应用。提出了对于FDTD算法进行改进的新方法，同时保证了算法中的内在物理关系和计算的收敛性，提高了计算效率和实用性。应用改进后的FDTD算法进行了简谐波在一维多层介质中的传播仿真和全反射理想基底多层介质的传播仿真，所得计算结果与理论分析结果完全吻合。同时根据仿真结果得到了电磁波在多层介质传播中的几个规律。     

Gravity Field Recovery from GRACE: Unique Aspects of the High Precision Inter-Satellite Data and Analysis Methods

The very high accuracy of the Doppler and range measurements between the two low-flying and co-orbiting spacecraft of the GRACE mission, which will be at the μm/sec and ≈10 μm levels respectively, requires that special procedures be applied in the processing of these data. Parts of the existing orbit determination and gravity field parameters retrieval methods and software must be modified in order to fully benefit from the capabilities of this mission. This is being done in the following areas: (i) numerical integration of the equations of motion (summed form, accuracy of the predictor-corrector loop, Encke's formulation): (ii) special inter-satellite dynamical parameterization for very short arcs; (iii) accurate solution of large least-squares problems (normal equations vs. orthogonal decomposition of observation equations); (iv) handling the observation equations with high accuracy. Theoretical concepts and first tests of some of the newly implemented algorithms are presented. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Optimal assimilation for ionospheric weather – Theoretical aspect

Observation, specification and prediction of ionospheric weather are the key scientific pursuits of space physicists, which largely based on an optimal assimilation system. The optimal assimilation system, or commonly called data assimilation system, consists of dynamic process, observation system and optimal estimation procedure. We attempt to give a complete framework in this paper under which the data assimilation procedure carries through. We discuss some crucial issues of data assimilation as follows: modeling a dynamic system for ionospheric weather; state estimation for static or steady system in sense of optimization and likelihood; state and its uncertainty estimation for dynamic process. Meanwhile we also discuss briefly the observability of an observation system; system parameter identification. Some data assimilation procedures existed at present are reviewed in the framework of this paper. As an example, a second order dynamic system is discussed in more detail to illustrate the specific optimal assimilation procedure, ranging from modeling the system, state and its uncertainty calculation, to the quantitatively integration of dynamic law, measurement to significantly reduce the estimation error. The analysis shows that the optimal assimilation model, with mathematical core of optimal estimation, differs from the theoretical, empirical and semi-empirical models in assimilating measured data, being constrained by physical law and being optimized respectively. The data assimilation technique, due to its optimization and integration feature, could obtain better accurate results than those obtained by dynamic process, measurement or their statistical analysis alone. The model based on optimal assimilation meets well with the criterion of the model or algorithm assessment by ‘space weather metrics’. More attention for optimal assimilation procedure creation should be paid to transition matrix finding, which is usually not easy for practical space weather system. High performance computing hardware and software studies should be promoted further so as to meet the requirement of large storage and extensive computation in the optimal estimation. The discussion in this paper is appropriate for the static or steady state or transition process of dynamic system. Many phenomena in space environment are unstable and chaos. So space environment study should include and integrate these two branches of learning. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

带悬臂涡轮盘发动机转子的振动特性及平衡技术研究

在旋转试验器上研究了带悬臂涡轮盘火箭发动机氧涡轮泵转子的振动特性,并在此基础上完成了氧涡轮泵转子的高速动平衡试验.结果表明：氧涡轮泵转子的振动与悬臂涡轮盘的不平衡量密切相关,单面高速动平衡技术对减小悬臂柔性转子的振动效果显著.     

多目标无源跟踪中的多特征模糊综合数据关联算法

提出了一种多目标无源跟踪中的数据关联算法———多特征模糊综合数据关联算法。首先基于目标特征关联因子模型,进行单跟踪门的多特征数据关联模糊评估,得到单跟踪门内的有效观测与真实目标的模糊关联程度,在此基础上,进行了多目标数据关联模糊综合评估,得到多目标整体模糊关联程度,最后进行多目标关联判决。由于该算法综合利用了目标更多的特征信息,所以比传统的NN方法有更好的关联性能,计算机仿真表明,它比NN方法的错误关联率约低15%。     

多学科优化技术在空间结构锁可靠性设计分析中的应用

 多领域协同建模仿真是复杂产品虚拟样机设计分析需要解决的关键技术问题之一。利用CAD/CAE工具搭建的空间结构锁多柔体虚拟样机模型,综合考虑了强度、动力学、空间环境影响等因素,在协同设计分析和协同建模仿真的基础上,开展了基于可靠性的多学科协同设计分析。并深入讨论了协同建模仿真实现中的数据综合、过程综合等关键技术。通过多学科协同设计分析和建模仿真,找到了空间结构锁的可靠性薄弱环节,并结合多学科优化技术,实现了空间对接锁基于可靠性的设计优化,进一步提出了通用的复杂机电系统基于可靠性的多学科设计优化方案,并开发了能协同三维建模工具（如PROE）,有限元分析工具（如MSCPATRAN,NASTRAN,ANSYS）和动力学分析工具（如MSCADAMS）进行复杂机电系统可靠性分析的通用工具平台ARAMS。     

透平级通流部分全设计变量多目标优化设计

采用优化设计方法优化某轴流透平级通流部分造型,利用基于非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)曲线技术的参数化造型方法提取包括叶片和端壁造型的全设计变量,选取级效率最大化和动叶根部最高温度最小化进行多目标优化设计.引入基于并行子空间的组合优化策略,缩短了优化设计周期.优化设计后的透平级效率提高了0.664%,动叶根部最高温度下降达透平级内温度变化范围的1.5%.该工作表明该优化设计方法在透平级设计上具有重大应用价值.      

一种基于协方差矩阵加权的阵元误差补偿STAP处理

机载多通道阵列雷达天线在工程实践中不可避免地存在各类阵元误差,所产生的通道失配问题会对空时二维自适应处理的性能造成大的影响。对存在阵元误差时的阵列信号模型进行了分析,提出了一种基于协方差矩阵加权（CMT）的阵元误差补偿空时自适应处理（STAP）方法,在工程应用中该加权矩阵可通过地面天线定标及校飞过程确定,通过对总干扰协方差矩阵估计的加权预处理,可将实际阵元误差对STAP性能的影响控制在测量误差的影响范围,最后通过仿真验证了算法的有效性。